1<?xml version='1.0'?>
2<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
4<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
5
6<refentry id="sd_event_new" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
7
8  <refentryinfo>
9    <title>sd_event_new</title>
10    <productname>systemd</productname>
11  </refentryinfo>
12
13  <refmeta>
14    <refentrytitle>sd_event_new</refentrytitle>
15    <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
16  </refmeta>
17
18  <refnamediv>
19    <refname>sd_event_new</refname>
20    <refname>sd_event_default</refname>
21    <refname>sd_event_ref</refname>
22    <refname>sd_event_unref</refname>
23    <refname>sd_event_unrefp</refname>
24    <refname>sd_event_get_tid</refname>
25    <refname>sd_event</refname>
26
27    <refpurpose>Acquire and release an event loop object</refpurpose>
28  </refnamediv>
29
30  <refsynopsisdiv>
31    <funcsynopsis>
32      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;systemd/sd-event.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
33
34      <funcsynopsisinfo><token>typedef</token> struct sd_event sd_event;</funcsynopsisinfo>
35
36      <funcprototype>
37        <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_new</function></funcdef>
38        <paramdef>sd_event **<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
39      </funcprototype>
40
41      <funcprototype>
42        <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_default</function></funcdef>
43        <paramdef>sd_event **<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
44      </funcprototype>
45
46      <funcprototype>
47        <funcdef>sd_event *<function>sd_event_ref</function></funcdef>
48        <paramdef>sd_event *<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
49      </funcprototype>
50
51      <funcprototype>
52        <funcdef>sd_event *<function>sd_event_unref</function></funcdef>
53        <paramdef>sd_event *<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
54      </funcprototype>
55
56      <funcprototype>
57        <funcdef>void <function>sd_event_unrefp</function></funcdef>
58        <paramdef>sd_event **<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
59      </funcprototype>
60
61      <funcprototype>
62        <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_get_tid</function></funcdef>
63        <paramdef>sd_event *<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef>
64        <paramdef>pid_t *<parameter>tid</parameter></paramdef>
65      </funcprototype>
66
67    </funcsynopsis>
68  </refsynopsisdiv>
69
70  <refsect1>
71    <title>Description</title>
72
73    <para><function>sd_event_new()</function> allocates a new event
74    loop object. The event loop object is returned in the
75    <parameter>event</parameter> parameter. After use, drop
76    the returned reference with
77    <function>sd_event_unref()</function>. When the last reference is
78    dropped, the object is freed.</para>
79
80    <para><function>sd_event_default()</function> acquires a reference
81    to the default event loop object of the calling thread, possibly
82    allocating a new object if no default event loop object has been
83    allocated yet for the thread. After use, drop the returned
84    reference with <function>sd_event_unref()</function>. When the
85    last reference is dropped, the event loop is freed. If this
86    function is called while the object returned from a previous call
87    from the same thread is still referenced, the same object is
88    returned again, but the reference is increased by one. It is
89    recommended to use this call instead of
90    <function>sd_event_new()</function> in order to share event loop
91    objects between various components that are dispatched in the same
92    thread. All threads have exactly either zero or one default event loop
93    objects associated, but never more.</para>
94
95    <para>After allocating an event loop object, add event sources to
96    it with
97    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_io</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
98    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
99    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_signal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
100    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_child</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
101    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_inotify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
102    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_defer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
103    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_post</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> or
104    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_exit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
105    and then execute the event loop using
106    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_loop</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
107
108    <para><function>sd_event_ref()</function> increases the reference
109    count of the specified event loop object by one.</para>
110
111    <para><function>sd_event_unref()</function> decreases the
112    reference count of the specified event loop object by one. If
113    the count hits zero, the object is freed. Note that it
114    is freed regardless of whether it is the default event loop object for a
115    thread or not. This means that allocating an event loop with
116    <function>sd_event_default()</function>, then releasing it, and
117    then acquiring a new one with
118    <function>sd_event_default()</function> will result in two
119    distinct objects. Note that, in order to free an event loop object,
120    all remaining event sources of the event loop also need to be
121    freed as each keeps a reference to it.</para>
122
123    <para><function>sd_event_unrefp()</function> is similar to
124    <function>sd_event_unref()</function> but takes a pointer to a
125    pointer to an <type>sd_event</type> object. This call is useful in
126    conjunction with GCC's and LLVM's <ulink
127    url="https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Variable-Attributes.html">Clean-up
128    Variable Attribute</ulink>. Note that this function is defined as
129    inline function. Use a declaration like the following,
130    in order to allocate an event loop object that is freed
131    automatically as the code block is left:</para>
132
133    <programlisting>{
134        __attribute__((cleanup(sd_event_unrefp))) sd_event *event = NULL;
135        int r;
136137        r = sd_event_default(&amp;event);
138        if (r &lt; 0)
139                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate event loop: %s\n", strerror(-r));
140141}</programlisting>
142
143    <para><function>sd_event_ref()</function>,
144    <function>sd_event_unref()</function> and
145    <function>sd_event_unrefp()</function> execute no operation if the
146    passed in event loop object is <constant>NULL</constant>.</para>
147
148    <para><function>sd_event_get_tid()</function> retrieves the thread
149    identifier ("TID") of the thread the specified event loop object
150    is associated with. This call is only supported for event loops
151    allocated with <function>sd_event_default()</function>, and
152    returns the identifier for the thread the event loop is the
153    default event loop of. See <citerefentry
154    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>gettid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
155    for more information on thread identifiers.</para>
156  </refsect1>
157
158  <refsect1>
159    <title>Return Value</title>
160
161    <para>On success, <function>sd_event_new()</function>, <function>sd_event_default()</function> and
162    <function>sd_event_get_tid()</function> return 0 or a positive integer. On failure, they return a
163    negative errno-style error code. <function>sd_event_ref()</function> always returns a pointer to the
164    event loop object passed in. <function>sd_event_unref()</function> always returns
165    <constant>NULL</constant>.</para>
166
167    <refsect2>
168      <title>Errors</title>
169
170      <para>Returned errors may indicate the following problems:</para>
171
172      <variablelist>
173        <varlistentry>
174          <term><constant>-ENOMEM</constant></term>
175
176          <listitem><para>Not enough memory to allocate the object.</para></listitem>
177        </varlistentry>
178
179        <varlistentry>
180          <term><constant>-EMFILE</constant></term>
181
182          <listitem><para>The maximum number of event loops has been allocated.</para></listitem>
183
184        </varlistentry>
185
186        <varlistentry>
187          <term><constant>-ENXIO</constant></term>
188
189          <listitem><para><function>sd_event_get_tid()</function> was invoked on an event loop object that
190          was not allocated with <function>sd_event_default()</function>.</para></listitem>
191        </varlistentry>
192
193      </variablelist>
194    </refsect2>
195  </refsect1>
196
197  <xi:include href="libsystemd-pkgconfig.xml" />
198
199  <refsect1>
200    <title>See Also</title>
201
202    <para>
203      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
204      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-event</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
205      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_io</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
206      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
207      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_signal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
208      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_child</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
209      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_inotify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
210      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_defer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
211      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_run</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
212      <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>gettid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
213    </para>
214  </refsect1>
215
216</refentry>
217