1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2007 Nokia Corporation
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation.
7  *
8  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
9  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
10  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
11  * more details.
12  *
13  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14  * this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
15  * Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
16  *
17  * Test read and write speed of a MTD device.
18  *
19  * Author: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@nokia.com>
20  */
21 
22 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <linux/module.h>
24 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
25 #include <linux/err.h>
26 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
27 #include <linux/slab.h>
28 #include <linux/sched.h>
29 
30 #define PRINT_PREF KERN_INFO "mtd_speedtest: "
31 
32 static int dev = -EINVAL;
33 module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
35 
36 static int count;
37 module_param(count, int, S_IRUGO);
38 MODULE_PARM_DESC(count, "Maximum number of eraseblocks to use "
39 			"(0 means use all)");
40 
41 static struct mtd_info *mtd;
42 static unsigned char *iobuf;
43 static unsigned char *bbt;
44 
45 static int pgsize;
46 static int ebcnt;
47 static int pgcnt;
48 static int goodebcnt;
49 static struct timeval start, finish;
50 static unsigned long next = 1;
51 
simple_rand(void)52 static inline unsigned int simple_rand(void)
53 {
54 	next = next * 1103515245 + 12345;
55 	return (unsigned int)((next / 65536) % 32768);
56 }
57 
simple_srand(unsigned long seed)58 static inline void simple_srand(unsigned long seed)
59 {
60 	next = seed;
61 }
62 
set_random_data(unsigned char * buf,size_t len)63 static void set_random_data(unsigned char *buf, size_t len)
64 {
65 	size_t i;
66 
67 	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
68 		buf[i] = simple_rand();
69 }
70 
erase_eraseblock(int ebnum)71 static int erase_eraseblock(int ebnum)
72 {
73 	int err;
74 	struct erase_info ei;
75 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
76 
77 	memset(&ei, 0, sizeof(struct erase_info));
78 	ei.mtd  = mtd;
79 	ei.addr = addr;
80 	ei.len  = mtd->erasesize;
81 
82 	err = mtd_erase(mtd, &ei);
83 	if (err) {
84 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error %d while erasing EB %d\n", err, ebnum);
85 		return err;
86 	}
87 
88 	if (ei.state == MTD_ERASE_FAILED) {
89 		printk(PRINT_PREF "some erase error occurred at EB %d\n",
90 		       ebnum);
91 		return -EIO;
92 	}
93 
94 	return 0;
95 }
96 
multiblock_erase(int ebnum,int blocks)97 static int multiblock_erase(int ebnum, int blocks)
98 {
99 	int err;
100 	struct erase_info ei;
101 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
102 
103 	memset(&ei, 0, sizeof(struct erase_info));
104 	ei.mtd  = mtd;
105 	ei.addr = addr;
106 	ei.len  = mtd->erasesize * blocks;
107 
108 	err = mtd_erase(mtd, &ei);
109 	if (err) {
110 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error %d while erasing EB %d, blocks %d\n",
111 		       err, ebnum, blocks);
112 		return err;
113 	}
114 
115 	if (ei.state == MTD_ERASE_FAILED) {
116 		printk(PRINT_PREF "some erase error occurred at EB %d,"
117 		       "blocks %d\n", ebnum, blocks);
118 		return -EIO;
119 	}
120 
121 	return 0;
122 }
123 
erase_whole_device(void)124 static int erase_whole_device(void)
125 {
126 	int err;
127 	unsigned int i;
128 
129 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
130 		if (bbt[i])
131 			continue;
132 		err = erase_eraseblock(i);
133 		if (err)
134 			return err;
135 		cond_resched();
136 	}
137 	return 0;
138 }
139 
write_eraseblock(int ebnum)140 static int write_eraseblock(int ebnum)
141 {
142 	size_t written;
143 	int err = 0;
144 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
145 
146 	err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, mtd->erasesize, &written, iobuf);
147 	if (err || written != mtd->erasesize) {
148 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error: write failed at %#llx\n", addr);
149 		if (!err)
150 			err = -EINVAL;
151 	}
152 
153 	return err;
154 }
155 
write_eraseblock_by_page(int ebnum)156 static int write_eraseblock_by_page(int ebnum)
157 {
158 	size_t written;
159 	int i, err = 0;
160 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
161 	void *buf = iobuf;
162 
163 	for (i = 0; i < pgcnt; i++) {
164 		err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, pgsize, &written, buf);
165 		if (err || written != pgsize) {
166 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: write failed at %#llx\n",
167 			       addr);
168 			if (!err)
169 				err = -EINVAL;
170 			break;
171 		}
172 		addr += pgsize;
173 		buf += pgsize;
174 	}
175 
176 	return err;
177 }
178 
write_eraseblock_by_2pages(int ebnum)179 static int write_eraseblock_by_2pages(int ebnum)
180 {
181 	size_t written, sz = pgsize * 2;
182 	int i, n = pgcnt / 2, err = 0;
183 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
184 	void *buf = iobuf;
185 
186 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
187 		err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, sz, &written, buf);
188 		if (err || written != sz) {
189 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: write failed at %#llx\n",
190 			       addr);
191 			if (!err)
192 				err = -EINVAL;
193 			return err;
194 		}
195 		addr += sz;
196 		buf += sz;
197 	}
198 	if (pgcnt % 2) {
199 		err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, pgsize, &written, buf);
200 		if (err || written != pgsize) {
201 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: write failed at %#llx\n",
202 			       addr);
203 			if (!err)
204 				err = -EINVAL;
205 		}
206 	}
207 
208 	return err;
209 }
210 
read_eraseblock(int ebnum)211 static int read_eraseblock(int ebnum)
212 {
213 	size_t read;
214 	int err = 0;
215 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
216 
217 	err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, mtd->erasesize, &read, iobuf);
218 	/* Ignore corrected ECC errors */
219 	if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
220 		err = 0;
221 	if (err || read != mtd->erasesize) {
222 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error: read failed at %#llx\n", addr);
223 		if (!err)
224 			err = -EINVAL;
225 	}
226 
227 	return err;
228 }
229 
read_eraseblock_by_page(int ebnum)230 static int read_eraseblock_by_page(int ebnum)
231 {
232 	size_t read;
233 	int i, err = 0;
234 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
235 	void *buf = iobuf;
236 
237 	for (i = 0; i < pgcnt; i++) {
238 		err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, pgsize, &read, buf);
239 		/* Ignore corrected ECC errors */
240 		if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
241 			err = 0;
242 		if (err || read != pgsize) {
243 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: read failed at %#llx\n",
244 			       addr);
245 			if (!err)
246 				err = -EINVAL;
247 			break;
248 		}
249 		addr += pgsize;
250 		buf += pgsize;
251 	}
252 
253 	return err;
254 }
255 
read_eraseblock_by_2pages(int ebnum)256 static int read_eraseblock_by_2pages(int ebnum)
257 {
258 	size_t read, sz = pgsize * 2;
259 	int i, n = pgcnt / 2, err = 0;
260 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
261 	void *buf = iobuf;
262 
263 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
264 		err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, sz, &read, buf);
265 		/* Ignore corrected ECC errors */
266 		if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
267 			err = 0;
268 		if (err || read != sz) {
269 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: read failed at %#llx\n",
270 			       addr);
271 			if (!err)
272 				err = -EINVAL;
273 			return err;
274 		}
275 		addr += sz;
276 		buf += sz;
277 	}
278 	if (pgcnt % 2) {
279 		err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, pgsize, &read, buf);
280 		/* Ignore corrected ECC errors */
281 		if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
282 			err = 0;
283 		if (err || read != pgsize) {
284 			printk(PRINT_PREF "error: read failed at %#llx\n",
285 			       addr);
286 			if (!err)
287 				err = -EINVAL;
288 		}
289 	}
290 
291 	return err;
292 }
293 
is_block_bad(int ebnum)294 static int is_block_bad(int ebnum)
295 {
296 	loff_t addr = ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
297 	int ret;
298 
299 	ret = mtd_block_isbad(mtd, addr);
300 	if (ret)
301 		printk(PRINT_PREF "block %d is bad\n", ebnum);
302 	return ret;
303 }
304 
start_timing(void)305 static inline void start_timing(void)
306 {
307 	do_gettimeofday(&start);
308 }
309 
stop_timing(void)310 static inline void stop_timing(void)
311 {
312 	do_gettimeofday(&finish);
313 }
314 
calc_speed(void)315 static long calc_speed(void)
316 {
317 	uint64_t k;
318 	long ms;
319 
320 	ms = (finish.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) * 1000 +
321 	     (finish.tv_usec - start.tv_usec) / 1000;
322 	if (ms == 0)
323 		return 0;
324 	k = goodebcnt * (mtd->erasesize / 1024) * 1000;
325 	do_div(k, ms);
326 	return k;
327 }
328 
scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(void)329 static int scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(void)
330 {
331 	int i, bad = 0;
332 
333 	bbt = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
334 	if (!bbt) {
335 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error: cannot allocate memory\n");
336 		return -ENOMEM;
337 	}
338 
339 	if (!mtd_can_have_bb(mtd))
340 		goto out;
341 
342 	printk(PRINT_PREF "scanning for bad eraseblocks\n");
343 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
344 		bbt[i] = is_block_bad(i) ? 1 : 0;
345 		if (bbt[i])
346 			bad += 1;
347 		cond_resched();
348 	}
349 	printk(PRINT_PREF "scanned %d eraseblocks, %d are bad\n", i, bad);
350 out:
351 	goodebcnt = ebcnt - bad;
352 	return 0;
353 }
354 
mtd_speedtest_init(void)355 static int __init mtd_speedtest_init(void)
356 {
357 	int err, i, blocks, j, k;
358 	long speed;
359 	uint64_t tmp;
360 
361 	printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
362 	printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
363 
364 	if (dev < 0) {
365 		printk(PRINT_PREF "Please specify a valid mtd-device via module paramter\n");
366 		printk(KERN_CRIT "CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
367 		return -EINVAL;
368 	}
369 
370 	if (count)
371 		printk(PRINT_PREF "MTD device: %d    count: %d\n", dev, count);
372 	else
373 		printk(PRINT_PREF "MTD device: %d\n", dev);
374 
375 	mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
376 	if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
377 		err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
378 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error: cannot get MTD device\n");
379 		return err;
380 	}
381 
382 	if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
383 		printk(PRINT_PREF "not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
384 		       "bytes.\n");
385 		pgsize = 512;
386 	} else
387 		pgsize = mtd->writesize;
388 
389 	tmp = mtd->size;
390 	do_div(tmp, mtd->erasesize);
391 	ebcnt = tmp;
392 	pgcnt = mtd->erasesize / pgsize;
393 
394 	printk(PRINT_PREF "MTD device size %llu, eraseblock size %u, "
395 	       "page size %u, count of eraseblocks %u, pages per "
396 	       "eraseblock %u, OOB size %u\n",
397 	       (unsigned long long)mtd->size, mtd->erasesize,
398 	       pgsize, ebcnt, pgcnt, mtd->oobsize);
399 
400 	if (count > 0 && count < ebcnt)
401 		ebcnt = count;
402 
403 	err = -ENOMEM;
404 	iobuf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
405 	if (!iobuf) {
406 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error: cannot allocate memory\n");
407 		goto out;
408 	}
409 
410 	simple_srand(1);
411 	set_random_data(iobuf, mtd->erasesize);
412 
413 	err = scan_for_bad_eraseblocks();
414 	if (err)
415 		goto out;
416 
417 	err = erase_whole_device();
418 	if (err)
419 		goto out;
420 
421 	/* Write all eraseblocks, 1 eraseblock at a time */
422 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing eraseblock write speed\n");
423 	start_timing();
424 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
425 		if (bbt[i])
426 			continue;
427 		err = write_eraseblock(i);
428 		if (err)
429 			goto out;
430 		cond_resched();
431 	}
432 	stop_timing();
433 	speed = calc_speed();
434 	printk(PRINT_PREF "eraseblock write speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
435 
436 	/* Read all eraseblocks, 1 eraseblock at a time */
437 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing eraseblock read speed\n");
438 	start_timing();
439 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
440 		if (bbt[i])
441 			continue;
442 		err = read_eraseblock(i);
443 		if (err)
444 			goto out;
445 		cond_resched();
446 	}
447 	stop_timing();
448 	speed = calc_speed();
449 	printk(PRINT_PREF "eraseblock read speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
450 
451 	err = erase_whole_device();
452 	if (err)
453 		goto out;
454 
455 	/* Write all eraseblocks, 1 page at a time */
456 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing page write speed\n");
457 	start_timing();
458 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
459 		if (bbt[i])
460 			continue;
461 		err = write_eraseblock_by_page(i);
462 		if (err)
463 			goto out;
464 		cond_resched();
465 	}
466 	stop_timing();
467 	speed = calc_speed();
468 	printk(PRINT_PREF "page write speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
469 
470 	/* Read all eraseblocks, 1 page at a time */
471 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing page read speed\n");
472 	start_timing();
473 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
474 		if (bbt[i])
475 			continue;
476 		err = read_eraseblock_by_page(i);
477 		if (err)
478 			goto out;
479 		cond_resched();
480 	}
481 	stop_timing();
482 	speed = calc_speed();
483 	printk(PRINT_PREF "page read speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
484 
485 	err = erase_whole_device();
486 	if (err)
487 		goto out;
488 
489 	/* Write all eraseblocks, 2 pages at a time */
490 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing 2 page write speed\n");
491 	start_timing();
492 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
493 		if (bbt[i])
494 			continue;
495 		err = write_eraseblock_by_2pages(i);
496 		if (err)
497 			goto out;
498 		cond_resched();
499 	}
500 	stop_timing();
501 	speed = calc_speed();
502 	printk(PRINT_PREF "2 page write speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
503 
504 	/* Read all eraseblocks, 2 pages at a time */
505 	printk(PRINT_PREF "testing 2 page read speed\n");
506 	start_timing();
507 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
508 		if (bbt[i])
509 			continue;
510 		err = read_eraseblock_by_2pages(i);
511 		if (err)
512 			goto out;
513 		cond_resched();
514 	}
515 	stop_timing();
516 	speed = calc_speed();
517 	printk(PRINT_PREF "2 page read speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
518 
519 	/* Erase all eraseblocks */
520 	printk(PRINT_PREF "Testing erase speed\n");
521 	start_timing();
522 	for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ++i) {
523 		if (bbt[i])
524 			continue;
525 		err = erase_eraseblock(i);
526 		if (err)
527 			goto out;
528 		cond_resched();
529 	}
530 	stop_timing();
531 	speed = calc_speed();
532 	printk(PRINT_PREF "erase speed is %ld KiB/s\n", speed);
533 
534 	/* Multi-block erase all eraseblocks */
535 	for (k = 1; k < 7; k++) {
536 		blocks = 1 << k;
537 		printk(PRINT_PREF "Testing %dx multi-block erase speed\n",
538 		       blocks);
539 		start_timing();
540 		for (i = 0; i < ebcnt; ) {
541 			for (j = 0; j < blocks && (i + j) < ebcnt; j++)
542 				if (bbt[i + j])
543 					break;
544 			if (j < 1) {
545 				i++;
546 				continue;
547 			}
548 			err = multiblock_erase(i, j);
549 			if (err)
550 				goto out;
551 			cond_resched();
552 			i += j;
553 		}
554 		stop_timing();
555 		speed = calc_speed();
556 		printk(PRINT_PREF "%dx multi-block erase speed is %ld KiB/s\n",
557 		       blocks, speed);
558 	}
559 	printk(PRINT_PREF "finished\n");
560 out:
561 	kfree(iobuf);
562 	kfree(bbt);
563 	put_mtd_device(mtd);
564 	if (err)
565 		printk(PRINT_PREF "error %d occurred\n", err);
566 	printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
567 	return err;
568 }
569 module_init(mtd_speedtest_init);
570 
mtd_speedtest_exit(void)571 static void __exit mtd_speedtest_exit(void)
572 {
573 	return;
574 }
575 module_exit(mtd_speedtest_exit);
576 
577 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Speed test module");
578 MODULE_AUTHOR("Adrian Hunter");
579 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
580