1 /*
2  * Flash memory interface rev.5 driver for the Intel
3  * Flash chips used on the NetWinder.
4  *
5  * 20/08/2000	RMK	use __ioremap to map flash into virtual memory
6  *			make a few more places use "volatile"
7  * 22/05/2001	RMK	- Lock read against write
8  *			- merge printk level changes (with mods) from Alan Cox.
9  *			- use *ppos as the file position, not file->f_pos.
10  *			- fix check for out of range pos and r/w size
11  *
12  * Please note that we are tampering with the only flash chip in the
13  * machine, which contains the bootup code.  We therefore have the
14  * power to convert these machines into doorstops...
15  */
16 
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/fs.h>
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/mm.h>
22 #include <linux/delay.h>
23 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
24 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
25 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
26 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
30 
31 #include <asm/hardware/dec21285.h>
32 #include <asm/io.h>
33 #include <asm/leds.h>
34 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
35 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
36 
37 /*****************************************************************************/
38 #include <asm/nwflash.h>
39 
40 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
41 
42 static DEFINE_MUTEX(flash_mutex);
43 static void kick_open(void);
44 static int get_flash_id(void);
45 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
46 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count);
47 
48 #define KFLASH_SIZE	1024*1024	//1 Meg
49 #define KFLASH_SIZE4	4*1024*1024	//4 Meg
50 #define KFLASH_ID	0x89A6		//Intel flash
51 #define KFLASH_ID4	0xB0D4		//Intel flash 4Meg
52 
53 static bool flashdebug;		//if set - we will display progress msgs
54 
55 static int gbWriteEnable;
56 static int gbWriteBase64Enable;
57 static volatile unsigned char *FLASH_BASE;
58 static int gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE;
59 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nwflash_mutex);
60 
get_flash_id(void)61 static int get_flash_id(void)
62 {
63 	volatile unsigned int c1, c2;
64 
65 	/*
66 	 * try to get flash chip ID
67 	 */
68 	kick_open();
69 	c2 = inb(0x80);
70 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x90;
71 	udelay(15);
72 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) FLASH_BASE;
73 	c2 = inb(0x80);
74 
75 	/*
76 	 * on 4 Meg flash the second byte is actually at offset 2...
77 	 */
78 	if (c1 == 0xB0)
79 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 2);
80 	else
81 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 1);
82 
83 	c2 += (c1 << 8);
84 
85 	/*
86 	 * set it back to read mode
87 	 */
88 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
89 
90 	if (c2 == KFLASH_ID4)
91 		gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE4;
92 
93 	return c2;
94 }
95 
flash_ioctl(struct file * filep,unsigned int cmd,unsigned long arg)96 static long flash_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
97 {
98 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
99 	switch (cmd) {
100 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
101 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
102 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
103 		break;
104 
105 	case CMD_WRITE_ENABLE:
106 		gbWriteEnable = 1;
107 		break;
108 
109 	case CMD_WRITE_BASE64K_ENABLE:
110 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 1;
111 		break;
112 
113 	default:
114 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
115 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
116 		mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
117 		return -EINVAL;
118 	}
119 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
120 	return 0;
121 }
122 
flash_read(struct file * file,char __user * buf,size_t size,loff_t * ppos)123 static ssize_t flash_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
124 			  loff_t *ppos)
125 {
126 	ssize_t ret;
127 
128 	if (flashdebug)
129 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_read: flash_read: offset=0x%llx, "
130 		       "buffer=%p, count=0x%zx.\n", *ppos, buf, size);
131 	/*
132 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
133 	 */
134 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
135 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
136 
137 	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, ppos, (void *)FLASH_BASE, gbFlashSize);
138 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
139 
140 	return ret;
141 }
142 
flash_write(struct file * file,const char __user * buf,size_t size,loff_t * ppos)143 static ssize_t flash_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
144 			   size_t size, loff_t * ppos)
145 {
146 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
147 	unsigned int count = size;
148 	int written;
149 	int nBlock, temp, rc;
150 	int i, j;
151 
152 	if (flashdebug)
153 		printk("flash_write: offset=0x%lX, buffer=0x%p, count=0x%X.\n",
154 		       p, buf, count);
155 
156 	if (!gbWriteEnable)
157 		return -EINVAL;
158 
159 	if (p < 64 * 1024 && (!gbWriteBase64Enable))
160 		return -EINVAL;
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * check for out of range pos or count
164 	 */
165 	if (p >= gbFlashSize)
166 		return count ? -ENXIO : 0;
167 
168 	if (count > gbFlashSize - p)
169 		count = gbFlashSize - p;
170 
171 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count))
172 		return -EFAULT;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
176 	 */
177 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
178 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
179 
180 	written = 0;
181 
182 	leds_event(led_claim);
183 	leds_event(led_green_on);
184 
185 	nBlock = (int) p >> 16;	//block # of 64K bytes
186 
187 	/*
188 	 * # of 64K blocks to erase and write
189 	 */
190 	temp = ((int) (p + count) >> 16) - nBlock + 1;
191 
192 	/*
193 	 * write ends at exactly 64k boundary?
194 	 */
195 	if (((int) (p + count) & 0xFFFF) == 0)
196 		temp -= 1;
197 
198 	if (flashdebug)
199 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing %d block(s) "
200 			"starting at %d.\n", temp, nBlock);
201 
202 	for (; temp; temp--, nBlock++) {
203 		if (flashdebug)
204 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: erasing block %d.\n", nBlock);
205 
206 		/*
207 		 * first we have to erase the block(s), where we will write...
208 		 */
209 		i = 0;
210 		j = 0;
211 	  RetryBlock:
212 		do {
213 			rc = erase_block(nBlock);
214 			i++;
215 		} while (rc && i < 10);
216 
217 		if (rc) {
218 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: erase error %x\n", rc);
219 			break;
220 		}
221 		if (flashdebug)
222 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing offset %lX, "
223 			       "from buf %p, bytes left %X.\n", p, buf,
224 			       count - written);
225 
226 		/*
227 		 * write_block will limit write to space left in this block
228 		 */
229 		rc = write_block(p, buf, count - written);
230 		j++;
231 
232 		/*
233 		 * if somehow write verify failed? Can't happen??
234 		 */
235 		if (!rc) {
236 			/*
237 			 * retry up to 10 times
238 			 */
239 			if (j < 10)
240 				goto RetryBlock;
241 			else
242 				/*
243 				 * else quit with error...
244 				 */
245 				rc = -1;
246 
247 		}
248 		if (rc < 0) {
249 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: write error %X\n", rc);
250 			break;
251 		}
252 		p += rc;
253 		buf += rc;
254 		written += rc;
255 		*ppos += rc;
256 
257 		if (flashdebug)
258 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: written 0x%X bytes OK.\n", written);
259 	}
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * restore reg on exit
263 	 */
264 	leds_event(led_release);
265 
266 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
267 
268 	return written;
269 }
270 
271 
272 /*
273  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
274  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
275  * though, in that case (0).
276  *
277  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
278  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
279  */
flash_llseek(struct file * file,loff_t offset,int orig)280 static loff_t flash_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
281 {
282 	loff_t ret;
283 
284 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
285 	if (flashdebug)
286 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
287 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
288 
289 	switch (orig) {
290 	case 0:
291 		if (offset < 0) {
292 			ret = -EINVAL;
293 			break;
294 		}
295 
296 		if ((unsigned int) offset > gbFlashSize) {
297 			ret = -EINVAL;
298 			break;
299 		}
300 
301 		file->f_pos = (unsigned int) offset;
302 		ret = file->f_pos;
303 		break;
304 	case 1:
305 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) > gbFlashSize) {
306 			ret = -EINVAL;
307 			break;
308 		}
309 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) < 0) {
310 			ret = -EINVAL;
311 			break;
312 		}
313 		file->f_pos += offset;
314 		ret = file->f_pos;
315 		break;
316 	default:
317 		ret = -EINVAL;
318 	}
319 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
320 	return ret;
321 }
322 
323 
324 /*
325  * assume that main Write routine did the parameter checking...
326  * so just go ahead and erase, what requested!
327  */
328 
erase_block(int nBlock)329 static int erase_block(int nBlock)
330 {
331 	volatile unsigned int c1;
332 	volatile unsigned char *pWritePtr;
333 	unsigned long timeout;
334 	int temp, temp1;
335 
336 	/*
337 	 * orange LED == erase
338 	 */
339 	leds_event(led_amber_on);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * reset footbridge to the correct offset 0 (...0..3)
343 	 */
344 	*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = 0;
345 
346 	/*
347 	 * dummy ROM read
348 	 */
349 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
350 
351 	kick_open();
352 	/*
353 	 * reset status if old errors
354 	 */
355 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * erase a block...
359 	 * aim at the middle of a current block...
360 	 */
361 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000 + (nBlock << 16)));
362 	/*
363 	 * dummy read
364 	 */
365 	c1 = *pWritePtr;
366 
367 	kick_open();
368 	/*
369 	 * erase
370 	 */
371 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0x20;
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * confirm
375 	 */
376 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xD0;
377 
378 	/*
379 	 * wait 10 ms
380 	 */
381 	msleep(10);
382 
383 	/*
384 	 * wait while erasing in process (up to 10 sec)
385 	 */
386 	timeout = jiffies + 10 * HZ;
387 	c1 = 0;
388 	while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
389 		msleep(10);
390 		/*
391 		 * read any address
392 		 */
393 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (pWritePtr);
394 		//              printk("Flash_erase: status=%X.\n",c1);
395 	}
396 
397 	/*
398 	 * set flash for normal read access
399 	 */
400 	kick_open();
401 //      *(volatile unsigned char*)(FLASH_BASE+0x8000) = 0xFF;
402 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xFF;	//back to normal operation
403 
404 	/*
405 	 * check if erase errors were reported
406 	 */
407 	if (c1 & 0x20) {
408 		printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: err at %p\n", pWritePtr);
409 
410 		/*
411 		 * reset error
412 		 */
413 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
414 		return -2;
415 	}
416 
417 	/*
418 	 * just to make sure - verify if erased OK...
419 	 */
420 	msleep(10);
421 
422 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + (nBlock << 16)));
423 
424 	for (temp = 0; temp < 16 * 1024; temp++, pWritePtr += 4) {
425 		if ((temp1 = *(volatile unsigned int *) pWritePtr) != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
426 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: verify err at %p = %X\n",
427 			       pWritePtr, temp1);
428 			return -1;
429 		}
430 	}
431 
432 	return 0;
433 
434 }
435 
436 /*
437  * write_block will limit number of bytes written to the space in this block
438  */
write_block(unsigned long p,const char __user * buf,int count)439 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count)
440 {
441 	volatile unsigned int c1;
442 	volatile unsigned int c2;
443 	unsigned char *pWritePtr;
444 	unsigned int uAddress;
445 	unsigned int offset;
446 	unsigned long timeout;
447 	unsigned long timeout1;
448 
449 	/*
450 	 * red LED == write
451 	 */
452 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
453 	leds_event(led_red_on);
454 
455 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
456 
457 	/*
458 	 * check if write will end in this block....
459 	 */
460 	offset = p & 0xFFFF;
461 
462 	if (offset + count > 0x10000)
463 		count = 0x10000 - offset;
464 
465 	/*
466 	 * wait up to 30 sec for this block
467 	 */
468 	timeout = jiffies + 30 * HZ;
469 
470 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++, pWritePtr++) {
471 		uAddress = (unsigned int) pWritePtr;
472 		uAddress &= 0xFFFFFFFC;
473 		if (__get_user(c2, buf + offset))
474 			return -EFAULT;
475 
476 	  WriteRetry:
477 	  	/*
478 	  	 * dummy read
479 	  	 */
480 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
481 
482 		/*
483 		 * kick open the write gate
484 		 */
485 		kick_open();
486 
487 		/*
488 		 * program footbridge to the correct offset...0..3
489 		 */
490 		*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = (unsigned int) pWritePtr & 3;
491 
492 		/*
493 		 * write cmd
494 		 */
495 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = 0x40;
496 
497 		/*
498 		 * data to write
499 		 */
500 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = c2;
501 
502 		/*
503 		 * get status
504 		 */
505 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x10000) = 0x70;
506 
507 		c1 = 0;
508 
509 		/*
510 		 * wait up to 1 sec for this byte
511 		 */
512 		timeout1 = jiffies + 1 * HZ;
513 
514 		/*
515 		 * while not ready...
516 		 */
517 		while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout1))
518 			c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
519 
520 		/*
521 		 * if timeout getting status
522 		 */
523 		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, timeout1)) {
524 			kick_open();
525 			/*
526 			 * reset err
527 			 */
528 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
529 
530 			goto WriteRetry;
531 		}
532 		/*
533 		 * switch on read access, as a default flash operation mode
534 		 */
535 		kick_open();
536 		/*
537 		 * read access
538 		 */
539 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
540 
541 		/*
542 		 * if hardware reports an error writing, and not timeout -
543 		 * reset the chip and retry
544 		 */
545 		if (c1 & 0x10) {
546 			kick_open();
547 			/*
548 			 * reset err
549 			 */
550 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
551 
552 			/*
553 			 * before timeout?
554 			 */
555 			if (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
556 				if (flashdebug)
557 					printk(KERN_DEBUG "write_block: Retrying write at 0x%X)n",
558 					       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
559 
560 				/*
561 				 * no LED == waiting
562 				 */
563 				leds_event(led_amber_off);
564 				/*
565 				 * wait couple ms
566 				 */
567 				msleep(10);
568 				/*
569 				 * red LED == write
570 				 */
571 				leds_event(led_red_on);
572 
573 				goto WriteRetry;
574 			} else {
575 				printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: timeout at 0x%X\n",
576 				       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
577 				/*
578 				 * return error -2
579 				 */
580 				return -2;
581 
582 			}
583 		}
584 	}
585 
586 	/*
587 	 * green LED == read/verify
588 	 */
589 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
590 	leds_event(led_green_on);
591 
592 	msleep(10);
593 
594 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
595 
596 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++) {
597 		char c, c1;
598 		if (__get_user(c, buf))
599 			return -EFAULT;
600 		buf++;
601 		if ((c1 = *pWritePtr++) != c) {
602 			printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: verify error at 0x%X (%02X!=%02X)\n",
603 			       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE, c1, c);
604 			return 0;
605 		}
606 	}
607 
608 	return count;
609 }
610 
611 
kick_open(void)612 static void kick_open(void)
613 {
614 	unsigned long flags;
615 
616 	/*
617 	 * we want to write a bit pattern XXX1 to Xilinx to enable
618 	 * the write gate, which will be open for about the next 2ms.
619 	 */
620 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
621 	nw_cpld_modify(CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE, CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE);
622 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
623 
624 	/*
625 	 * let the ISA bus to catch on...
626 	 */
627 	udelay(25);
628 }
629 
630 static const struct file_operations flash_fops =
631 {
632 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
633 	.llseek		= flash_llseek,
634 	.read		= flash_read,
635 	.write		= flash_write,
636 	.unlocked_ioctl	= flash_ioctl,
637 };
638 
639 static struct miscdevice flash_miscdev =
640 {
641 	FLASH_MINOR,
642 	"nwflash",
643 	&flash_fops
644 };
645 
nwflash_init(void)646 static int __init nwflash_init(void)
647 {
648 	int ret = -ENODEV;
649 
650 	if (machine_is_netwinder()) {
651 		int id;
652 
653 		FLASH_BASE = ioremap(DC21285_FLASH, KFLASH_SIZE4);
654 		if (!FLASH_BASE)
655 			goto out;
656 
657 		id = get_flash_id();
658 		if ((id != KFLASH_ID) && (id != KFLASH_ID4)) {
659 			ret = -ENXIO;
660 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
661 			printk("Flash: incorrect ID 0x%04X.\n", id);
662 			goto out;
663 		}
664 
665 		printk("Flash ROM driver v.%s, flash device ID 0x%04X, size %d Mb.\n",
666 		       NWFLASH_VERSION, id, gbFlashSize / (1024 * 1024));
667 
668 		ret = misc_register(&flash_miscdev);
669 		if (ret < 0) {
670 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
671 		}
672 	}
673 out:
674 	return ret;
675 }
676 
nwflash_exit(void)677 static void __exit nwflash_exit(void)
678 {
679 	misc_deregister(&flash_miscdev);
680 	iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
681 }
682 
683 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
684 
685 module_param(flashdebug, bool, 0644);
686 
687 module_init(nwflash_init);
688 module_exit(nwflash_exit);
689