1Linux 2.4 on the CRIS architecture
2==================================
3$Id: README,v 1.7 2001/04/19 12:38:32 bjornw Exp $
4
5This is a port of Linux 2.4 to Axis Communications ETRAX 100LX embedded
6network CPU. For more information about CRIS and ETRAX please see further
7below.
8
9In order to compile this you need a version of gcc with support for the
10ETRAX chip family. Please see this link for more information on how to
11download the compiler and other tools useful when building and booting
12software for the ETRAX platform:
13
14http://developer.axis.com/doc/software/devboard_lx/install-howto.html
15
16<more specific information should come in this document later>
17
18What is CRIS ?
19--------------
20
21CRIS is an acronym for 'Code Reduced Instruction Set'. It is the CPU
22architecture in Axis Communication AB's range of embedded network CPU's,
23called ETRAX. The latest CPU is called ETRAX 100LX, where LX stands for
24'Linux' because the chip was designed to be a good host for the Linux
25operating system.
26
27The ETRAX 100LX chip
28--------------------
29
30For reference, please see the press-release:
31
32http://www.axis.com/news/us/001101_etrax.htm
33
34The ETRAX 100LX is a 100 MIPS processor with 8kB cache, MMU, and a very broad
35range of  built-in interfaces, all with modern scatter/gather DMA.
36
37Memory interfaces:
38
39	* SRAM
40	* NOR-flash/ROM
41	* EDO or page-mode DRAM
42	* SDRAM
43
44I/O interfaces:
45
46	* one 10/100 Mbit/s ethernet controller
47	* four serial-ports (up to 6 Mbit/s)
48	* two synchronous serial-ports for multimedia codec's etc.
49	* USB host controller and USB slave
50	* ATA
51	* SCSI
52	* two parallel-ports
53	* two generic 8-bit ports
54
55	(not all interfaces are available at the same time due to chip pin
56         multiplexing)
57
58The previous version of the ETRAX, the ETRAX 100, sits in almost all of
59Axis shipping thin-servers like the Axis 2100 web camera or the ETRAX 100
60developer-board. It lacks an MMU so the Linux we run on that is a version
61of uClinux (Linux 2.0 without MM-support) ported to the CRIS architecture.
62The new Linux 2.4 port has full MM and needs a CPU with an MMU, so it will
63not run on the ETRAX 100.
64
65A version of the Axis developer-board with ETRAX 100LX (running Linux
662.4) is now available. For more information please see developer.axis.com.
67
68
69Bootlog
70-------
71
72Just as an example, this is the debug-output from a boot of Linux 2.4 on
73a board with ETRAX 100LX. The displayed BogoMIPS value is 5 times too small :)
74At the end you see some user-mode programs booting like telnet and ftp daemons.
75
76Linux version 2.4.1 (bjornw@godzilla.axis.se) (gcc version 2.96 20000427 (experimental)) #207 Wed Feb 21 15:48:15 CET 2001
77ROM fs in RAM, size 1376256 bytes
78Setting up paging and the MMU.
79On node 0 totalpages: 2048
80zone(0): 2048 pages.
81zone(1): 0 pages.
82zone(2): 0 pages.
83Linux/CRIS port on ETRAX 100LX (c) 2001 Axis Communications AB
84Kernel command line:
85Calibrating delay loop... 19.91 BogoMIPS
86Memory: 13872k/16384k available (587k kernel code, 2512k reserved, 44k data, 24k init)
87kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - vm_area_struct
88kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - filp
89Dentry-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 16384 bytes)
90Buffer-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
91Page-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
92kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - kiobuf
93kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - bdev_cache
94Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
95kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - inode_cache
96POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
97Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
98Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
99Starting kswapd v1.8
100kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - file lock cache
101kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - blkdev_requests
102block: queued sectors max/low 9109kB/3036kB, 64 slots per queue
103ETRAX 100LX 10/100MBit ethernet v2.0 (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
104eth0 initialized
105eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:CD:00:00
106ETRAX 100LX serial-driver $Revision: 1.7 $, (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
107ttyS0 at 0xb0000060 is a builtin UART with DMA
108ttyS1 at 0xb0000068 is a builtin UART with DMA
109ttyS2 at 0xb0000070 is a builtin UART with DMA
110ttyS3 at 0xb0000078 is a builtin UART with DMA
111Axis flash mapping: 200000 at 50000000
112Axis flash: Found 1 x16 CFI device at 0x0 in 16 bit mode
113 Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1.0 at 0x0040
114Axis flash: JEDEC Device ID is 0xC4. Assuming broken CFI table.
115Axis flash: Swapping erase regions for broken CFI table.
116number of CFI chips: 1
117 Using default partition table
118I2C driver v2.2, (c) 1999-2001 Axis Communications AB
119ETRAX 100LX GPIO driver v2.1, (c) 2001 Axis Communications AB
120NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
121IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
122kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - ip_dst_cache
123IP: routing cache hash table of 1024 buckets, 8Kbytes
124TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
125NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
126VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
127Init starts up...
128Mounted none on /proc ok.
129Setting up eth0 with ip 10.13.9.116 and mac 00:40:8c:18:04:60
130eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:18:04:60
131Setting up lo with ip 127.0.0.1
132Default gateway is 10.13.9.1
133Hostname is bbox1
134Telnetd starting, using port 23.
135  using /bin/sash as shell.
136sftpd[15]: sftpd $Revision: 1.7 $ starting up
137
138
139
140And here is how some /proc entries look:
141
14217# cd /proc
14317# cat cpuinfo
144cpu             : CRIS
145cpu revision    : 10
146cpu model       : ETRAX 100LX
147cache size      : 8 kB
148fpu             : no
149mmu             : yes
150ethernet        : 10/100 Mbps
151token ring      : no
152scsi            : yes
153ata             : yes
154usb             : yes
155bogomips        : 99.84
156
15717# cat meminfo
158        total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers:  cached:
159Mem:   7028736   925696  6103040   114688        0   229376
160Swap:        0        0        0
161MemTotal:         6864 kB
162MemFree:          5960 kB
163MemShared:         112 kB
164Buffers:             0 kB
165Cached:            224 kB
166Active:            224 kB
167Inact_dirty:         0 kB
168Inact_clean:         0 kB
169Inact_target:        0 kB
170HighTotal:           0 kB
171HighFree:            0 kB
172LowTotal:         6864 kB
173LowFree:          5960 kB
174SwapTotal:           0 kB
175SwapFree:            0 kB
17617# ls -l /bin
177-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         10356  Jan 01 00:00 ifconfig
178-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         17548  Jan 01 00:00 init
179-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100          9488  Jan 01 00:00 route
180-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         46036  Jan 01 00:00 sftpd
181-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         48104  Jan 01 00:00 sh
182-rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         16252  Jan 01 00:00 telnetd
183
184
185(All programs are statically linked to the libc at this point - we have not ported the
186 shared libraries yet)
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196