1TODO LIST 2--------- 3 4POW{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, Fn, <Fm,#value> - power 5RPW{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, Fn, <Fm,#value> - reverse power 6POL{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, Fn, <Fm,#value> - polar angle (arctan2) 7 8LOG{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - logarithm to base 10 9LGN{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - logarithm to base e 10EXP{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - exponent 11SIN{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - sine 12COS{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - cosine 13TAN{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - tangent 14ASN{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - arcsine 15ACS{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - arccosine 16ATN{cond}<S|D|E>{P,M,Z} Fd, <Fm,#value> - arctangent 17 18These are not implemented. They are not currently issued by the compiler, 19and are handled by routines in libc. These are not implemented by the FPA11 20hardware, but are handled by the floating point support code. They should 21be implemented in future versions. 22 23There are a couple of ways to approach the implementation of these. One 24method would be to use accurate table methods for these routines. I have 25a couple of papers by S. Gal from IBM's research labs in Haifa, Israel that 26seem to promise extreme accuracy (in the order of 99.8%) and reasonable speed. 27These methods are used in GLIBC for some of the transcendental functions. 28 29Another approach, which I know little about is CORDIC. This stands for 30Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer, and is a method of computing 31transcendental functions using mostly shifts and adds and a few 32multiplications and divisions. The ARM excels at shifts and adds, 33so such a method could be promising, but requires more research to 34determine if it is feasible. 35 36Rounding Methods 37 38The IEEE standard defines 4 rounding modes. Round to nearest is the 39default, but rounding to + or - infinity or round to zero are also allowed. 40Many architectures allow the rounding mode to be specified by modifying bits 41in a control register. Not so with the ARM FPA11 architecture. To change 42the rounding mode one must specify it with each instruction. 43 44This has made porting some benchmarks difficult. It is possible to 45introduce such a capability into the emulator. The FPCR contains 46bits describing the rounding mode. The emulator could be altered to 47examine a flag, which if set forced it to ignore the rounding mode in 48the instruction, and use the mode specified in the bits in the FPCR. 49 50This would require a method of getting/setting the flag, and the bits 51in the FPCR. This requires a kernel call in ArmLinux, as WFC/RFC are 52supervisor only instructions. If anyone has any ideas or comments I 53would like to hear them. 54 55[NOTE: pulled out from some docs on ARM floating point, specifically 56 for the Acorn FPE, but not limited to it: 57 58 The floating point control register (FPCR) may only be present in some 59 implementations: it is there to control the hardware in an implementation- 60 specific manner, for example to disable the floating point system. The user 61 mode of the ARM is not permitted to use this register (since the right is 62 reserved to alter it between implementations) and the WFC and RFC 63 instructions will trap if tried in user mode. 64 65 Hence, the answer is yes, you could do this, but then you will run a high 66 risk of becoming isolated if and when hardware FP emulation comes out 67 -- Russell]. 68