1 /*
2  *  $Id: nfsroot.c,v 1.45 1998/03/07 10:44:46 mj Exp $
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1995, 1996  Gero Kuhlmann <gero@gkminix.han.de>
5  *
6  *  Allow an NFS filesystem to be mounted as root. The way this works is:
7  *     (1) Use the IP autoconfig mechanism to set local IP addresses and routes.
8  *     (2) Handle RPC negotiation with the system which replied to RARP or
9  *         was reported as a boot server by BOOTP or manually.
10  *     (3) The actual mounting is done later, when init() is running.
11  *
12  *
13  *	Changes:
14  *
15  *	Alan Cox	:	Removed get_address name clash with FPU.
16  *	Alan Cox	:	Reformatted a bit.
17  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Code cleanup
18  *	Michael Rausch  :	Fixed recognition of an incoming RARP answer.
19  *	Martin Mares	: (2.0)	Auto-configuration via BOOTP supported.
20  *	Martin Mares	:	Manual selection of interface & BOOTP/RARP.
21  *	Martin Mares	:	Using network routes instead of host routes,
22  *				allowing the default configuration to be used
23  *				for normal operation of the host.
24  *	Martin Mares	:	Randomized timer with exponential backoff
25  *				installed to minimize network congestion.
26  *	Martin Mares	:	Code cleanup.
27  *	Martin Mares	: (2.1)	BOOTP and RARP made configuration options.
28  *	Martin Mares	:	Server hostname generation fixed.
29  *	Gerd Knorr	:	Fixed wired inode handling
30  *	Martin Mares	: (2.2)	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line ignored.
31  *	Martin Mares	:	RARP replies not tested for server address.
32  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: (2.3) Some bug fixes and code cleanup again (please
33  *				send me your new patches _before_ bothering
34  *				Linus so that I don' always have to cleanup
35  *				_afterwards_ - thanks)
36  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Last changes of Martin Mares undone.
37  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: 	RARP replies are tested for specified server
38  *				again. However, it's now possible to have
39  *				different RARP and NFS servers.
40  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line are
41  *				now mapped to INADDR_NONE.
42  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Fixed a bug which prevented BOOTP path name
43  *				from being used (thanks to Leo Spiekman)
44  *	Andy Walker	:	Allow to specify the NFS server in nfs_root
45  *				without giving a path name
46  *	Swen Th�mmler	:	Allow to specify the NFS options in nfs_root
47  *				without giving a path name. Fix BOOTP request
48  *				for domainname (domainname is NIS domain, not
49  *				DNS domain!). Skip dummy devices for BOOTP.
50  *	Jacek Zapala	:	Fixed a bug which prevented server-ip address
51  *				from nfsroot parameter from being used.
52  *	Olaf Kirch	:	Adapted to new NFS code.
53  *	Jakub Jelinek	:	Free used code segment.
54  *	Marko Kohtala	:	Fixed some bugs.
55  *	Martin Mares	:	Debug message cleanup
56  *	Martin Mares	:	Changed to use the new generic IP layer autoconfig
57  *				code. BOOTP and RARP moved there.
58  *	Martin Mares	:	Default path now contains host name instead of
59  *				host IP address (but host name defaults to IP
60  *				address anyway).
61  *	Martin Mares	:	Use root_server_addr appropriately during setup.
62  *	Martin Mares	:	Rewrote parameter parsing, now hopefully giving
63  *				correct overriding.
64  *	Trond Myklebust :	Add in preliminary support for NFSv3 and TCP.
65  *				Fix bug in root_nfs_addr(). nfs_data.namlen
66  *				is NOT for the length of the hostname.
67  *	Hua Qin		:	Finish support for mounting root file system
68  *				via NFS over TCP.
69  */
70 
71 #include <linux/config.h>
72 #include <linux/types.h>
73 #include <linux/string.h>
74 #include <linux/kernel.h>
75 #include <linux/sched.h>
76 #include <linux/fs.h>
77 #include <linux/init.h>
78 #include <linux/sunrpc/clnt.h>
79 #include <linux/nfs.h>
80 #include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
81 #include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
82 #include <linux/in.h>
83 #include <linux/major.h>
84 #include <linux/utsname.h>
85 #include <net/ipconfig.h>
86 
87 /* Define this to allow debugging output */
88 #undef NFSROOT_DEBUG
89 #define NFSDBG_FACILITY NFSDBG_ROOT
90 
91 /* Default path we try to mount. "%s" gets replaced by our IP address */
92 #define NFS_ROOT		"/tftpboot/%s"
93 
94 /* Parameters passed from the kernel command line */
95 static char nfs_root_name[256] __initdata = "";
96 
97 /* Address of NFS server */
98 static __u32 servaddr __initdata = 0;
99 
100 /* Name of directory to mount */
101 static char nfs_path[NFS_MAXPATHLEN] __initdata = { 0, };
102 
103 /* NFS-related data */
104 static struct nfs_mount_data nfs_data __initdata = { 0, };/* NFS mount info */
105 static int nfs_port __initdata = 0;		/* Port to connect to for NFS */
106 static int mount_port __initdata = 0;		/* Mount daemon port number */
107 
108 
109 /***************************************************************************
110 
111 			     Parsing of options
112 
113  ***************************************************************************/
114 
115 /*
116  *  The following integer options are recognized
117  */
118 static struct nfs_int_opts {
119 	char *name;
120 	int  *val;
121 } root_int_opts[] __initdata = {
122 	{ "port",	&nfs_port },
123 	{ "rsize",	&nfs_data.rsize },
124 	{ "wsize",	&nfs_data.wsize },
125 	{ "timeo",	&nfs_data.timeo },
126 	{ "retrans",	&nfs_data.retrans },
127 	{ "acregmin",	&nfs_data.acregmin },
128 	{ "acregmax",	&nfs_data.acregmax },
129 	{ "acdirmin",	&nfs_data.acdirmin },
130 	{ "acdirmax",	&nfs_data.acdirmax },
131 	{ NULL,		NULL }
132 };
133 
134 
135 /*
136  *  And now the flag options
137  */
138 static struct nfs_bool_opts {
139 	char *name;
140 	int  and_mask;
141 	int  or_mask;
142 } root_bool_opts[] __initdata = {
143 	{ "soft",	~NFS_MOUNT_SOFT,	NFS_MOUNT_SOFT },
144 	{ "hard",	~NFS_MOUNT_SOFT,	0 },
145 	{ "intr",	~NFS_MOUNT_INTR,	NFS_MOUNT_INTR },
146 	{ "nointr",	~NFS_MOUNT_INTR,	0 },
147 	{ "posix",	~NFS_MOUNT_POSIX,	NFS_MOUNT_POSIX },
148 	{ "noposix",	~NFS_MOUNT_POSIX,	0 },
149 	{ "cto",	~NFS_MOUNT_NOCTO,	0 },
150 	{ "nocto",	~NFS_MOUNT_NOCTO,	NFS_MOUNT_NOCTO },
151 	{ "ac",		~NFS_MOUNT_NOAC,	0 },
152 	{ "noac",	~NFS_MOUNT_NOAC,	NFS_MOUNT_NOAC },
153 	{ "lock",	~NFS_MOUNT_NONLM,	0 },
154 	{ "nolock",	~NFS_MOUNT_NONLM,	NFS_MOUNT_NONLM },
155 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3
156 	{ "v2",		~NFS_MOUNT_VER3,	0 },
157 	{ "v3",		~NFS_MOUNT_VER3,	NFS_MOUNT_VER3 },
158 #endif
159 	{ "udp",	~NFS_MOUNT_TCP,		0 },
160 	{ "tcp",	~NFS_MOUNT_TCP,		NFS_MOUNT_TCP },
161 	{ "broken_suid",~NFS_MOUNT_BROKEN_SUID,	NFS_MOUNT_BROKEN_SUID },
162 	{ NULL,		0,			0 }
163 };
164 
165 
166 /*
167  *  Parse option string.
168  */
root_nfs_parse(char * name,char * buf)169 static void __init root_nfs_parse(char *name, char *buf)
170 {
171 	char *options, *val, *cp;
172 
173 	if ((options = strchr(name, ','))) {
174 		*options++ = 0;
175 		cp = strtok(options, ",");
176 		while (cp) {
177 			if ((val = strchr(cp, '='))) {
178 				struct nfs_int_opts *opts = root_int_opts;
179 				*val++ = '\0';
180 				while (opts->name && strcmp(opts->name, cp))
181 					opts++;
182 				if (opts->name)
183 					*(opts->val) = (int) simple_strtoul(val, NULL, 10);
184 			} else {
185 				struct nfs_bool_opts *opts = root_bool_opts;
186 				while (opts->name && strcmp(opts->name, cp))
187 					opts++;
188 				if (opts->name) {
189 					nfs_data.flags &= opts->and_mask;
190 					nfs_data.flags |= opts->or_mask;
191 				}
192 			}
193 			cp = strtok(NULL, ",");
194 		}
195 	}
196 	if (name[0] && strcmp(name, "default")) {
197 		strncpy(buf, name, NFS_MAXPATHLEN-1);
198 		buf[NFS_MAXPATHLEN-1] = 0;
199 	}
200 }
201 
202 
203 /*
204  *  Prepare the NFS data structure and parse all options.
205  */
root_nfs_name(char * name)206 static int __init root_nfs_name(char *name)
207 {
208 	char buf[NFS_MAXPATHLEN];
209 	char *cp;
210 
211 	/* Set some default values */
212 	memset(&nfs_data, 0, sizeof(nfs_data));
213 	nfs_port          = -1;
214 	nfs_data.version  = NFS_MOUNT_VERSION;
215 	nfs_data.flags    = NFS_MOUNT_NONLM;	/* No lockd in nfs root yet */
216 	nfs_data.rsize    = NFS_DEF_FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE;
217 	nfs_data.wsize    = NFS_DEF_FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE;
218 	nfs_data.bsize	  = 0;
219 	nfs_data.timeo    = 7;
220 	nfs_data.retrans  = 3;
221 	nfs_data.acregmin = 3;
222 	nfs_data.acregmax = 60;
223 	nfs_data.acdirmin = 30;
224 	nfs_data.acdirmax = 60;
225 	strcpy(buf, NFS_ROOT);
226 
227 	/* Process options received from the remote server */
228 	root_nfs_parse(root_server_path, buf);
229 
230 	/* Override them by options set on kernel command-line */
231 	root_nfs_parse(name, buf);
232 
233 	cp = system_utsname.nodename;
234 	if (strlen(buf) + strlen(cp) > NFS_MAXPATHLEN) {
235 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Pathname for remote directory too long.\n");
236 		return -1;
237 	}
238 	sprintf(nfs_path, buf, cp);
239 
240 	return 1;
241 }
242 
243 
244 /*
245  *  Get NFS server address.
246  */
root_nfs_addr(void)247 static int __init root_nfs_addr(void)
248 {
249 	if ((servaddr = root_server_addr) == INADDR_NONE) {
250 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: No NFS server available, giving up.\n");
251 		return -1;
252 	}
253 
254 	snprintf(nfs_data.hostname, sizeof(nfs_data.hostname),
255 		 "%u.%u.%u.%u", NIPQUAD(servaddr));
256 	return 0;
257 }
258 
259 /*
260  *  Tell the user what's going on.
261  */
262 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
root_nfs_print(void)263 static void __init root_nfs_print(void)
264 {
265 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS: Mounting %s on server %s as root\n",
266 		nfs_path, nfs_data.hostname);
267 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     rsize = %d, wsize = %d, timeo = %d, retrans = %d\n",
268 		nfs_data.rsize, nfs_data.wsize, nfs_data.timeo, nfs_data.retrans);
269 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     acreg (min,max) = (%d,%d), acdir (min,max) = (%d,%d)\n",
270 		nfs_data.acregmin, nfs_data.acregmax,
271 		nfs_data.acdirmin, nfs_data.acdirmax);
272 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     nfsd port = %d, mountd port = %d, flags = %08x\n",
273 		nfs_port, mount_port, nfs_data.flags);
274 }
275 #endif
276 
277 
root_nfs_init(void)278 int __init root_nfs_init(void)
279 {
280 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
281 	nfs_debug |= NFSDBG_ROOT;
282 #endif
283 
284 	/*
285 	 * Decode the root directory path name and NFS options from
286 	 * the kernel command line. This has to go here in order to
287 	 * be able to use the client IP address for the remote root
288 	 * directory (necessary for pure RARP booting).
289 	 */
290 	if (root_nfs_name(nfs_root_name) < 0 ||
291 	    root_nfs_addr() < 0)
292 		return -1;
293 
294 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
295 	root_nfs_print();
296 #endif
297 
298 	return 0;
299 }
300 
301 
302 /*
303  *  Parse NFS server and directory information passed on the kernel
304  *  command line.
305  */
nfs_root_setup(char * line)306 int __init nfs_root_setup(char *line)
307 {
308 	ROOT_DEV = MKDEV(NFS_MAJOR, NFS_MINOR);
309 	if (line[0] == '/' || line[0] == ',' || (line[0] >= '0' && line[0] <= '9')) {
310 		strncpy(nfs_root_name, line, sizeof(nfs_root_name));
311 		nfs_root_name[sizeof(nfs_root_name)-1] = '\0';
312 	} else {
313 		int n = strlen(line) + strlen(NFS_ROOT);
314 		if (n >= sizeof(nfs_root_name))
315 			line[sizeof(nfs_root_name) - strlen(NFS_ROOT) - 1] = '\0';
316 		sprintf(nfs_root_name, NFS_ROOT, line);
317 	}
318 	root_server_addr = root_nfs_parse_addr(nfs_root_name);
319 	return 1;
320 }
321 
322 __setup("nfsroot=", nfs_root_setup);
323 
324 /***************************************************************************
325 
326 	       Routines to actually mount the root directory
327 
328  ***************************************************************************/
329 
330 /*
331  *  Construct sockaddr_in from address and port number.
332  */
333 static inline void
set_sockaddr(struct sockaddr_in * sin,__u32 addr,__u16 port)334 set_sockaddr(struct sockaddr_in *sin, __u32 addr, __u16 port)
335 {
336 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
337 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
338 	sin->sin_port = port;
339 }
340 
341 /*
342  *  Query server portmapper for the port of a daemon program.
343  */
root_nfs_getport(int program,int version,int proto)344 static int __init root_nfs_getport(int program, int version, int proto)
345 {
346 	struct sockaddr_in sin;
347 
348 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Looking up port of RPC %d/%d on %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
349 		program, version, NIPQUAD(servaddr));
350 	set_sockaddr(&sin, servaddr, 0);
351 	return rpc_getport_external(&sin, program, version, proto);
352 }
353 
354 
355 /*
356  *  Use portmapper to find mountd and nfsd port numbers if not overriden
357  *  by the user. Use defaults if portmapper is not available.
358  *  XXX: Is there any nfs server with no portmapper?
359  */
root_nfs_ports(void)360 static int __init root_nfs_ports(void)
361 {
362 	int port;
363 	int nfsd_ver, mountd_ver;
364 	int nfsd_port, mountd_port;
365 	int proto;
366 
367 	if (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
368 		nfsd_ver = NFS3_VERSION;
369 		mountd_ver = NFS_MNT3_VERSION;
370 		nfsd_port = NFS_PORT;
371 		mountd_port = NFS_MNT_PORT;
372 	} else {
373 		nfsd_ver = NFS2_VERSION;
374 		mountd_ver = NFS_MNT_VERSION;
375 		nfsd_port = NFS_PORT;
376 		mountd_port = NFS_MNT_PORT;
377 	}
378 
379 	proto = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ? IPPROTO_TCP : IPPROTO_UDP;
380 
381 	if (nfs_port < 0) {
382 		if ((port = root_nfs_getport(NFS_PROGRAM, nfsd_ver, proto)) < 0) {
383 			printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Unable to get nfsd port "
384 					"number from server, using default\n");
385 			port = nfsd_port;
386 		}
387 		nfs_port = port;
388 		dprintk("Root-NFS: Portmapper on server returned %d "
389 			"as nfsd port\n", port);
390 	}
391 	nfs_port = htons(nfs_port);
392 
393 	if ((port = root_nfs_getport(NFS_MNT_PROGRAM, mountd_ver, proto)) < 0) {
394 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Unable to get mountd port "
395 				"number from server, using default\n");
396 		port = mountd_port;
397 	}
398 	mount_port = htons(port);
399 	dprintk("Root-NFS: mountd port is %d\n", port);
400 
401 	return 0;
402 }
403 
404 
405 /*
406  *  Get a file handle from the server for the directory which is to be
407  *  mounted.
408  */
root_nfs_get_handle(void)409 static int __init root_nfs_get_handle(void)
410 {
411 	struct sockaddr_in sin;
412 	int status;
413 	int protocol = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ?
414 					IPPROTO_TCP : IPPROTO_UDP;
415 	int version = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) ?
416 					NFS_MNT3_VERSION : NFS_MNT_VERSION;
417 
418 	set_sockaddr(&sin, servaddr, mount_port);
419 	status = nfsroot_mount(&sin, nfs_path, &nfs_data.root,
420 							version, protocol);
421 	if (status < 0)
422 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Server returned error %d "
423 				"while mounting %s\n", status, nfs_path);
424 
425 	return status;
426 }
427 
428 /*
429  *  Get the NFS port numbers and file handle, and return the prepared 'data'
430  *  argument for ->read_super() if everything went OK. Return NULL otherwise.
431  */
nfs_root_data(void)432 void * __init nfs_root_data(void)
433 {
434 	if (root_nfs_init() < 0
435 	 || root_nfs_ports() < 0
436 	 || root_nfs_get_handle() < 0)
437 		return NULL;
438 	set_sockaddr((struct sockaddr_in *) &nfs_data.addr, servaddr, nfs_port);
439 	return (void*)&nfs_data;
440 }
441