1 /*
2  * Linux/PA-RISC Project (http://www.parisc-linux.org/)
3  *
4  * Floating-point emulation code
5  *  Copyright (C) 2001 Hewlett-Packard (Paul Bame) <bame@debian.org>
6  *
7  *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10  *    any later version.
11  *
12  *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  *    GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19  *    Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
20  */
21 /*
22  * BEGIN_DESC
23  *
24  *  File:
25  *	@(#)	pa/spmath/dfsub.c		$Revision: $
26  *
27  *  Purpose:
28  *	Double_subtract: subtract two double precision values.
29  *
30  *  External Interfaces:
31  *	dbl_fsub(leftptr, rightptr, dstptr, status)
32  *
33  *  Internal Interfaces:
34  *
35  *  Theory:
36  *	<<please update with a overview of the operation of this file>>
37  *
38  * END_DESC
39 */
40 
41 
42 #include "float.h"
43 #include "dbl_float.h"
44 
45 /*
46  * Double_subtract: subtract two double precision values.
47  */
48 int
dbl_fsub(dbl_floating_point * leftptr,dbl_floating_point * rightptr,dbl_floating_point * dstptr,unsigned int * status)49 dbl_fsub(
50 	    dbl_floating_point *leftptr,
51 	    dbl_floating_point *rightptr,
52 	    dbl_floating_point *dstptr,
53 	    unsigned int *status)
54     {
55     register unsigned int signless_upper_left, signless_upper_right, save;
56     register unsigned int leftp1, leftp2, rightp1, rightp2, extent;
57     register unsigned int resultp1 = 0, resultp2 = 0;
58 
59     register int result_exponent, right_exponent, diff_exponent;
60     register int sign_save, jumpsize;
61     register boolean inexact = FALSE, underflowtrap;
62 
63     /* Create local copies of the numbers */
64     Dbl_copyfromptr(leftptr,leftp1,leftp2);
65     Dbl_copyfromptr(rightptr,rightp1,rightp2);
66 
67     /* A zero "save" helps discover equal operands (for later),  *
68      * and is used in swapping operands (if needed).             */
69     Dbl_xortointp1(leftp1,rightp1,/*to*/save);
70 
71     /*
72      * check first operand for NaN's or infinity
73      */
74     if ((result_exponent = Dbl_exponent(leftp1)) == DBL_INFINITY_EXPONENT)
75 	{
76 	if (Dbl_iszero_mantissa(leftp1,leftp2))
77 	    {
78 	    if (Dbl_isnotnan(rightp1,rightp2))
79 		{
80 		if (Dbl_isinfinity(rightp1,rightp2) && save==0)
81 		    {
82 		    /*
83 		     * invalid since operands are same signed infinity's
84 		     */
85 		    if (Is_invalidtrap_enabled()) return(INVALIDEXCEPTION);
86                     Set_invalidflag();
87                     Dbl_makequietnan(resultp1,resultp2);
88 		    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
89 		    return(NOEXCEPTION);
90 		    }
91 		/*
92 	 	 * return infinity
93 	 	 */
94 		Dbl_copytoptr(leftp1,leftp2,dstptr);
95 		return(NOEXCEPTION);
96 		}
97 	    }
98 	else
99 	    {
100             /*
101              * is NaN; signaling or quiet?
102              */
103             if (Dbl_isone_signaling(leftp1))
104 		{
105                	/* trap if INVALIDTRAP enabled */
106 		if (Is_invalidtrap_enabled()) return(INVALIDEXCEPTION);
107         	/* make NaN quiet */
108         	Set_invalidflag();
109         	Dbl_set_quiet(leftp1);
110         	}
111 	    /*
112 	     * is second operand a signaling NaN?
113 	     */
114 	    else if (Dbl_is_signalingnan(rightp1))
115 		{
116         	/* trap if INVALIDTRAP enabled */
117                	if (Is_invalidtrap_enabled()) return(INVALIDEXCEPTION);
118 		/* make NaN quiet */
119 		Set_invalidflag();
120 		Dbl_set_quiet(rightp1);
121 		Dbl_copytoptr(rightp1,rightp2,dstptr);
122 		return(NOEXCEPTION);
123 		}
124 	    /*
125  	     * return quiet NaN
126  	     */
127 	    Dbl_copytoptr(leftp1,leftp2,dstptr);
128  	    return(NOEXCEPTION);
129 	    }
130 	} /* End left NaN or Infinity processing */
131     /*
132      * check second operand for NaN's or infinity
133      */
134     if (Dbl_isinfinity_exponent(rightp1))
135 	{
136 	if (Dbl_iszero_mantissa(rightp1,rightp2))
137 	    {
138 	    /* return infinity */
139 	    Dbl_invert_sign(rightp1);
140 	    Dbl_copytoptr(rightp1,rightp2,dstptr);
141 	    return(NOEXCEPTION);
142 	    }
143         /*
144          * is NaN; signaling or quiet?
145          */
146         if (Dbl_isone_signaling(rightp1))
147 	    {
148             /* trap if INVALIDTRAP enabled */
149 	    if (Is_invalidtrap_enabled()) return(INVALIDEXCEPTION);
150 	    /* make NaN quiet */
151 	    Set_invalidflag();
152 	    Dbl_set_quiet(rightp1);
153 	    }
154 	/*
155 	 * return quiet NaN
156  	 */
157 	Dbl_copytoptr(rightp1,rightp2,dstptr);
158 	return(NOEXCEPTION);
159     	} /* End right NaN or Infinity processing */
160 
161     /* Invariant: Must be dealing with finite numbers */
162 
163     /* Compare operands by removing the sign */
164     Dbl_copytoint_exponentmantissap1(leftp1,signless_upper_left);
165     Dbl_copytoint_exponentmantissap1(rightp1,signless_upper_right);
166 
167     /* sign difference selects add or sub operation. */
168     if(Dbl_ismagnitudeless(leftp2,rightp2,signless_upper_left,signless_upper_right))
169 	{
170 	/* Set the left operand to the larger one by XOR swap *
171 	 *  First finish the first word using "save"          */
172 	Dbl_xorfromintp1(save,rightp1,/*to*/rightp1);
173 	Dbl_xorfromintp1(save,leftp1,/*to*/leftp1);
174      	Dbl_swap_lower(leftp2,rightp2);
175 	result_exponent = Dbl_exponent(leftp1);
176 	Dbl_invert_sign(leftp1);
177 	}
178     /* Invariant:  left is not smaller than right. */
179 
180     if((right_exponent = Dbl_exponent(rightp1)) == 0)
181         {
182 	/* Denormalized operands.  First look for zeroes */
183 	if(Dbl_iszero_mantissa(rightp1,rightp2))
184 	    {
185 	    /* right is zero */
186 	    if(Dbl_iszero_exponentmantissa(leftp1,leftp2))
187 		{
188 		/* Both operands are zeros */
189 		Dbl_invert_sign(rightp1);
190 		if(Is_rounding_mode(ROUNDMINUS))
191 		    {
192 		    Dbl_or_signs(leftp1,/*with*/rightp1);
193 		    }
194 		else
195 		    {
196 		    Dbl_and_signs(leftp1,/*with*/rightp1);
197 		    }
198 		}
199 	    else
200 		{
201 		/* Left is not a zero and must be the result.  Trapped
202 		 * underflows are signaled if left is denormalized.  Result
203 		 * is always exact. */
204 		if( (result_exponent == 0) && Is_underflowtrap_enabled() )
205 		    {
206 		    /* need to normalize results mantissa */
207 	    	    sign_save = Dbl_signextendedsign(leftp1);
208 		    Dbl_leftshiftby1(leftp1,leftp2);
209 		    Dbl_normalize(leftp1,leftp2,result_exponent);
210 		    Dbl_set_sign(leftp1,/*using*/sign_save);
211                     Dbl_setwrapped_exponent(leftp1,result_exponent,unfl);
212 		    Dbl_copytoptr(leftp1,leftp2,dstptr);
213 		    /* inexact = FALSE */
214 		    return(UNDERFLOWEXCEPTION);
215 		    }
216 		}
217 	    Dbl_copytoptr(leftp1,leftp2,dstptr);
218 	    return(NOEXCEPTION);
219 	    }
220 
221 	/* Neither are zeroes */
222 	Dbl_clear_sign(rightp1);	/* Exponent is already cleared */
223 	if(result_exponent == 0 )
224 	    {
225 	    /* Both operands are denormalized.  The result must be exact
226 	     * and is simply calculated.  A sum could become normalized and a
227 	     * difference could cancel to a true zero. */
228 	    if( (/*signed*/int) save >= 0 )
229 		{
230 		Dbl_subtract(leftp1,leftp2,/*minus*/rightp1,rightp2,
231 		 /*into*/resultp1,resultp2);
232 		if(Dbl_iszero_mantissa(resultp1,resultp2))
233 		    {
234 		    if(Is_rounding_mode(ROUNDMINUS))
235 			{
236 			Dbl_setone_sign(resultp1);
237 			}
238 		    else
239 			{
240 			Dbl_setzero_sign(resultp1);
241 			}
242 		    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
243 		    return(NOEXCEPTION);
244 		    }
245 		}
246 	    else
247 		{
248 		Dbl_addition(leftp1,leftp2,rightp1,rightp2,
249 		 /*into*/resultp1,resultp2);
250 		if(Dbl_isone_hidden(resultp1))
251 		    {
252 		    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
253 		    return(NOEXCEPTION);
254 		    }
255 		}
256 	    if(Is_underflowtrap_enabled())
257 		{
258 		/* need to normalize result */
259 	    	sign_save = Dbl_signextendedsign(resultp1);
260 		Dbl_leftshiftby1(resultp1,resultp2);
261 		Dbl_normalize(resultp1,resultp2,result_exponent);
262 		Dbl_set_sign(resultp1,/*using*/sign_save);
263                 Dbl_setwrapped_exponent(resultp1,result_exponent,unfl);
264 		Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
265 		/* inexact = FALSE */
266 		return(UNDERFLOWEXCEPTION);
267 		}
268 	    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
269 	    return(NOEXCEPTION);
270 	    }
271 	right_exponent = 1;	/* Set exponent to reflect different bias
272 				 * with denomalized numbers. */
273 	}
274     else
275 	{
276 	Dbl_clear_signexponent_set_hidden(rightp1);
277 	}
278     Dbl_clear_exponent_set_hidden(leftp1);
279     diff_exponent = result_exponent - right_exponent;
280 
281     /*
282      * Special case alignment of operands that would force alignment
283      * beyond the extent of the extension.  A further optimization
284      * could special case this but only reduces the path length for this
285      * infrequent case.
286      */
287     if(diff_exponent > DBL_THRESHOLD)
288 	{
289 	diff_exponent = DBL_THRESHOLD;
290 	}
291 
292     /* Align right operand by shifting to right */
293     Dbl_right_align(/*operand*/rightp1,rightp2,/*shifted by*/diff_exponent,
294      /*and lower to*/extent);
295 
296     /* Treat sum and difference of the operands separately. */
297     if( (/*signed*/int) save >= 0 )
298 	{
299 	/*
300 	 * Difference of the two operands.  Their can be no overflow.  A
301 	 * borrow can occur out of the hidden bit and force a post
302 	 * normalization phase.
303 	 */
304 	Dbl_subtract_withextension(leftp1,leftp2,/*minus*/rightp1,rightp2,
305 	 /*with*/extent,/*into*/resultp1,resultp2);
306 	if(Dbl_iszero_hidden(resultp1))
307 	    {
308 	    /* Handle normalization */
309 	    /* A straight foward algorithm would now shift the result
310 	     * and extension left until the hidden bit becomes one.  Not
311 	     * all of the extension bits need participate in the shift.
312 	     * Only the two most significant bits (round and guard) are
313 	     * needed.  If only a single shift is needed then the guard
314 	     * bit becomes a significant low order bit and the extension
315 	     * must participate in the rounding.  If more than a single
316 	     * shift is needed, then all bits to the right of the guard
317 	     * bit are zeros, and the guard bit may or may not be zero. */
318 	    sign_save = Dbl_signextendedsign(resultp1);
319             Dbl_leftshiftby1_withextent(resultp1,resultp2,extent,resultp1,resultp2);
320 
321             /* Need to check for a zero result.  The sign and exponent
322 	     * fields have already been zeroed.  The more efficient test
323 	     * of the full object can be used.
324 	     */
325     	    if(Dbl_iszero(resultp1,resultp2))
326 		/* Must have been "x-x" or "x+(-x)". */
327 		{
328 		if(Is_rounding_mode(ROUNDMINUS)) Dbl_setone_sign(resultp1);
329 		Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
330 		return(NOEXCEPTION);
331 		}
332 	    result_exponent--;
333 	    /* Look to see if normalization is finished. */
334 	    if(Dbl_isone_hidden(resultp1))
335 		{
336 		if(result_exponent==0)
337 		    {
338 		    /* Denormalized, exponent should be zero.  Left operand *
339 		     * was normalized, so extent (guard, round) was zero    */
340 		    goto underflow;
341 		    }
342 		else
343 		    {
344 		    /* No further normalization is needed. */
345 		    Dbl_set_sign(resultp1,/*using*/sign_save);
346 	    	    Ext_leftshiftby1(extent);
347 		    goto round;
348 		    }
349 		}
350 
351 	    /* Check for denormalized, exponent should be zero.  Left    *
352 	     * operand was normalized, so extent (guard, round) was zero */
353 	    if(!(underflowtrap = Is_underflowtrap_enabled()) &&
354 	       result_exponent==0) goto underflow;
355 
356 	    /* Shift extension to complete one bit of normalization and
357 	     * update exponent. */
358 	    Ext_leftshiftby1(extent);
359 
360 	    /* Discover first one bit to determine shift amount.  Use a
361 	     * modified binary search.  We have already shifted the result
362 	     * one position right and still not found a one so the remainder
363 	     * of the extension must be zero and simplifies rounding. */
364 	    /* Scan bytes */
365 	    while(Dbl_iszero_hiddenhigh7mantissa(resultp1))
366 		{
367 		Dbl_leftshiftby8(resultp1,resultp2);
368 		if((result_exponent -= 8) <= 0  && !underflowtrap)
369 		    goto underflow;
370 		}
371 	    /* Now narrow it down to the nibble */
372 	    if(Dbl_iszero_hiddenhigh3mantissa(resultp1))
373 		{
374 		/* The lower nibble contains the normalizing one */
375 		Dbl_leftshiftby4(resultp1,resultp2);
376 		if((result_exponent -= 4) <= 0 && !underflowtrap)
377 		    goto underflow;
378 		}
379 	    /* Select case were first bit is set (already normalized)
380 	     * otherwise select the proper shift. */
381 	    if((jumpsize = Dbl_hiddenhigh3mantissa(resultp1)) > 7)
382 		{
383 		/* Already normalized */
384 		if(result_exponent <= 0) goto underflow;
385 		Dbl_set_sign(resultp1,/*using*/sign_save);
386 		Dbl_set_exponent(resultp1,/*using*/result_exponent);
387 		Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
388 		return(NOEXCEPTION);
389 		}
390 	    Dbl_sethigh4bits(resultp1,/*using*/sign_save);
391 	    switch(jumpsize)
392 		{
393 		case 1:
394 		    {
395 		    Dbl_leftshiftby3(resultp1,resultp2);
396 		    result_exponent -= 3;
397 		    break;
398 		    }
399 		case 2:
400 		case 3:
401 		    {
402 		    Dbl_leftshiftby2(resultp1,resultp2);
403 		    result_exponent -= 2;
404 		    break;
405 		    }
406 		case 4:
407 		case 5:
408 		case 6:
409 		case 7:
410 		    {
411 		    Dbl_leftshiftby1(resultp1,resultp2);
412 		    result_exponent -= 1;
413 		    break;
414 		    }
415 		}
416 	    if(result_exponent > 0)
417 		{
418 		Dbl_set_exponent(resultp1,/*using*/result_exponent);
419 		Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
420 		return(NOEXCEPTION);		/* Sign bit is already set */
421 		}
422 	    /* Fixup potential underflows */
423 	  underflow:
424 	    if(Is_underflowtrap_enabled())
425 		{
426 		Dbl_set_sign(resultp1,sign_save);
427                 Dbl_setwrapped_exponent(resultp1,result_exponent,unfl);
428 		Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
429 		/* inexact = FALSE */
430 		return(UNDERFLOWEXCEPTION);
431 		}
432 	    /*
433 	     * Since we cannot get an inexact denormalized result,
434 	     * we can now return.
435 	     */
436 	    Dbl_fix_overshift(resultp1,resultp2,(1-result_exponent),extent);
437 	    Dbl_clear_signexponent(resultp1);
438 	    Dbl_set_sign(resultp1,sign_save);
439 	    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
440 	    return(NOEXCEPTION);
441 	    } /* end if(hidden...)... */
442 	/* Fall through and round */
443 	} /* end if(save >= 0)... */
444     else
445 	{
446 	/* Subtract magnitudes */
447 	Dbl_addition(leftp1,leftp2,rightp1,rightp2,/*to*/resultp1,resultp2);
448 	if(Dbl_isone_hiddenoverflow(resultp1))
449 	    {
450 	    /* Prenormalization required. */
451 	    Dbl_rightshiftby1_withextent(resultp2,extent,extent);
452 	    Dbl_arithrightshiftby1(resultp1,resultp2);
453 	    result_exponent++;
454 	    } /* end if hiddenoverflow... */
455 	} /* end else ...subtract magnitudes... */
456 
457     /* Round the result.  If the extension is all zeros,then the result is
458      * exact.  Otherwise round in the correct direction.  No underflow is
459      * possible. If a postnormalization is necessary, then the mantissa is
460      * all zeros so no shift is needed. */
461   round:
462     if(Ext_isnotzero(extent))
463 	{
464 	inexact = TRUE;
465 	switch(Rounding_mode())
466 	    {
467 	    case ROUNDNEAREST: /* The default. */
468 	    if(Ext_isone_sign(extent))
469 		{
470 		/* at least 1/2 ulp */
471 		if(Ext_isnotzero_lower(extent)  ||
472 		  Dbl_isone_lowmantissap2(resultp2))
473 		    {
474 		    /* either exactly half way and odd or more than 1/2ulp */
475 		    Dbl_increment(resultp1,resultp2);
476 		    }
477 		}
478 	    break;
479 
480 	    case ROUNDPLUS:
481 	    if(Dbl_iszero_sign(resultp1))
482 		{
483 		/* Round up positive results */
484 		Dbl_increment(resultp1,resultp2);
485 		}
486 	    break;
487 
488 	    case ROUNDMINUS:
489 	    if(Dbl_isone_sign(resultp1))
490 		{
491 		/* Round down negative results */
492 		Dbl_increment(resultp1,resultp2);
493 		}
494 
495 	    case ROUNDZERO:;
496 	    /* truncate is simple */
497 	    } /* end switch... */
498 	if(Dbl_isone_hiddenoverflow(resultp1)) result_exponent++;
499 	}
500     if(result_exponent == DBL_INFINITY_EXPONENT)
501         {
502         /* Overflow */
503         if(Is_overflowtrap_enabled())
504 	    {
505 	    Dbl_setwrapped_exponent(resultp1,result_exponent,ovfl);
506 	    Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
507 	    if (inexact)
508 	    if (Is_inexacttrap_enabled())
509 		return(OVERFLOWEXCEPTION | INEXACTEXCEPTION);
510 		else Set_inexactflag();
511 	    return(OVERFLOWEXCEPTION);
512 	    }
513         else
514 	    {
515 	    inexact = TRUE;
516 	    Set_overflowflag();
517 	    Dbl_setoverflow(resultp1,resultp2);
518 	    }
519 	}
520     else Dbl_set_exponent(resultp1,result_exponent);
521     Dbl_copytoptr(resultp1,resultp2,dstptr);
522     if(inexact)
523 	if(Is_inexacttrap_enabled()) return(INEXACTEXCEPTION);
524 	else Set_inexactflag();
525     return(NOEXCEPTION);
526     }
527