1The Linux kernel code has been rewritten to use Unicode to map
2characters to fonts.  By downloading a single Unicode-to-font table,
3both the eight-bit character sets and UTF-8 mode are changed to use
4the font as indicated.
5
6This changes the semantics of the eight-bit character tables subtly.
7The four character tables are now:
8
9Map symbol	Map name			Escape code (G0)
10
11LAT1_MAP	Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1)		ESC ( B
12GRAF_MAP	DEC VT100 pseudographics	ESC ( 0
13IBMPC_MAP	IBM code page 437		ESC ( U
14USER_MAP	User defined			ESC ( K
15
16In particular, ESC ( U is no longer "straight to font", since the font
17might be completely different than the IBM character set.  This
18permits for example the use of block graphics even with a Latin-1 font
19loaded.
20
21In accordance with the Unicode standard/ISO 10646 the range U+F000 to
22U+F8FF has been reserved for OS-wide allocation (the Unicode Standard
23refers to this as a "Corporate Zone", since this is inaccurate for
24Linux we call it the "Linux Zone").  U+F000 was picked as the starting
25point since it lets the direct-mapping area start on a large power of
26two (in case 1024- or 2048-character fonts ever become necessary).
27This leaves U+E000 to U+EFFF as End User Zone.
28
29The Unicodes in the range U+F000 to U+F1FF have been hard-coded to map
30directly to the loaded font, bypassing the translation table.  The
31user-defined map now defaults to U+F000 to U+F1FF, emulating the
32previous behaviour.  This range may expand in the future should it be
33warranted.
34
35Actual characters assigned in the Linux Zone
36--------------------------------------------
37
38In addition, the following characters not present in Unicode 1.1.4 (at
39least, I have not found them!) have been defined; these are used by
40the DEC VT graphics map:
41
42U+F800 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 1
43U+F801 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 3
44U+F803 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 7
45U+F804 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 9
46
47The DEC VT220 uses a 6x10 character matrix, and these characters form
48a smooth progression in the DEC VT graphics character set.  I have
49omitted the scan 5 line, since it is also used as a block-graphics
50character, and hence has been coded as U+2500 FORMS LIGHT HORIZONTAL.
51However, I left U+F802 blank should the need arise.
52
53Klingon language support
54------------------------
55
56Unfortunately, Unicode/ISO 10646 does not allocate code points for the
57language Klingon, probably fearing the potential code point explosion
58if many fictional languages were submitted for inclusion.  There are
59also political reasons (the Japanese, for example, are not too happy
60about the whole 16-bit concept to begin with.)  However, with Linux
61being a hacker-driven OS it seems this is a brilliant linguistic hack
62worth supporting.  Hence I have chosen to add it to the list in the
63Linux Zone.
64
65Several glyph forms for the Klingon alphabet have been proposed.
66However, since the set of symbols appear to be consistent throughout,
67with only the actual shapes being different, in keeping with standard
68Unicode practice these differences are considered font variants.
69
70Klingon has an alphabet of 26 characters, a positional numeric writing
71system with 10 digits, and is written left-to-right, top-to-bottom.
72Punctuation appears to be only used in Latin transliteration; it
73appears customary to write each sentence on its own line, and
74centered.  Space has been reserved for punctuation should it prove
75necessary.
76
77This encoding has been endorsed by the Klingon Language Institute.
78For more information, contact them at:
79
80	http://www.kli.org/
81
82Since the characters in the beginning of the Linux CZ have been more
83of the dingbats/symbols/forms type and this is a language, I have
84located it at the end, on a 16-cell boundary in keeping with standard
85Unicode practice.
86
87U+F8D0	KLINGON LETTER A
88U+F8D1	KLINGON LETTER B
89U+F8D2	KLINGON LETTER CH
90U+F8D3	KLINGON LETTER D
91U+F8D4	KLINGON LETTER E
92U+F8D5	KLINGON LETTER GH
93U+F8D6	KLINGON LETTER H
94U+F8D7	KLINGON LETTER I
95U+F8D8	KLINGON LETTER J
96U+F8D9	KLINGON LETTER L
97U+F8DA	KLINGON LETTER M
98U+F8DB	KLINGON LETTER N
99U+F8DC	KLINGON LETTER NG
100U+F8DD	KLINGON LETTER O
101U+F8DE	KLINGON LETTER P
102U+F8DF	KLINGON LETTER Q
103	- Written <q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration
104U+F8E0	KLINGON LETTER QH
105	- Written <Q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration
106U+F8E1	KLINGON LETTER R
107U+F8E2	KLINGON LETTER S
108U+F8E3	KLINGON LETTER T
109U+F8E4	KLINGON LETTER TLH
110U+F8E5	KLINGON LETTER U
111U+F8E6	KLINGON LETTER V
112U+F8E7	KLINGON LETTER W
113U+F8E8	KLINGON LETTER Y
114U+F8E9	KLINGON LETTER GLOTTAL STOP
115
116U+F8F0	KLINGON DIGIT ZERO
117U+F8F1	KLINGON DIGIT ONE
118U+F8F2	KLINGON DIGIT TWO
119U+F8F3	KLINGON DIGIT THREE
120U+F8F4	KLINGON DIGIT FOUR
121U+F8F5	KLINGON DIGIT FIVE
122U+F8F6	KLINGON DIGIT SIX
123U+F8F7	KLINGON DIGIT SEVEN
124U+F8F8	KLINGON DIGIT EIGHT
125U+F8F9	KLINGON DIGIT NINE
126
127Other Fictional and Artificial Scripts
128--------------------------------------
129
130Since the assignment of the Klingon Linux Unicode block, a registry of
131fictional and artificial scripts has been established by John Cowan,
132<cowan@ccil.org>.  The ConScript Unicode Registry is accessible at
133http://locke.ccil.org/~cowan/csur/; the ranges used fall at the bottom
134of the End User Zone and can hence not be normatively assigned, but it
135is recommended that people who wish to encode fictional scripts use
136these codes, in the interest of interoperability.  For Klingon, CSUR
137has adopted the Linux encoding.
138
139	H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
140