1 /* mpn_divrem -- Divide natural numbers, producing both remainder and
2    quotient.
3 
4 Copyright (C) 1993-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 
6 This file is part of the GNU MP Library.
7 
8 The GNU MP Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
11 option) any later version.
12 
13 The GNU MP Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
15 or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
16 License for more details.
17 
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with the GNU MP Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not, see
20 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
21 
22 #include <gmp.h>
23 #include "gmp-impl.h"
24 #include "longlong.h"
25 
26 /* Divide num (NP/NSIZE) by den (DP/DSIZE) and write
27    the NSIZE-DSIZE least significant quotient limbs at QP
28    and the DSIZE long remainder at NP.  If QEXTRA_LIMBS is
29    non-zero, generate that many fraction bits and append them after the
30    other quotient limbs.
31    Return the most significant limb of the quotient, this is always 0 or 1.
32 
33    Preconditions:
34    0. NSIZE >= DSIZE.
35    1. The most significant bit of the divisor must be set.
36    2. QP must either not overlap with the input operands at all, or
37       QP + DSIZE >= NP must hold true.  (This means that it's
38       possible to put the quotient in the high part of NUM, right after the
39       remainder in NUM.
40    3. NSIZE >= DSIZE, even if QEXTRA_LIMBS is non-zero.  */
41 
42 mp_limb_t
mpn_divrem(mp_ptr qp,mp_size_t qextra_limbs,mp_ptr np,mp_size_t nsize,mp_srcptr dp,mp_size_t dsize)43 mpn_divrem (mp_ptr qp, mp_size_t qextra_limbs,
44 	    mp_ptr np, mp_size_t nsize,
45 	    mp_srcptr dp, mp_size_t dsize)
46 {
47   mp_limb_t most_significant_q_limb = 0;
48 
49   switch (dsize)
50     {
51     case 0:
52       /* We are asked to divide by zero, so go ahead and do it!  (To make
53 	 the compiler not remove this statement, return the value.)  */
54       return 1 / dsize;
55 
56     case 1:
57       {
58 	mp_size_t i;
59 	mp_limb_t n1;
60 	mp_limb_t d;
61 
62 	d = dp[0];
63 	n1 = np[nsize - 1];
64 
65 	if (n1 >= d)
66 	  {
67 	    n1 -= d;
68 	    most_significant_q_limb = 1;
69 	  }
70 
71 	qp += qextra_limbs;
72 	for (i = nsize - 2; i >= 0; i--)
73 	  udiv_qrnnd (qp[i], n1, n1, np[i], d);
74 	qp -= qextra_limbs;
75 
76 	for (i = qextra_limbs - 1; i >= 0; i--)
77 	  udiv_qrnnd (qp[i], n1, n1, 0, d);
78 
79 	np[0] = n1;
80       }
81       break;
82 
83     case 2:
84       {
85 	mp_size_t i;
86 	mp_limb_t n1, n0, n2;
87 	mp_limb_t d1, d0;
88 
89 	np += nsize - 2;
90 	d1 = dp[1];
91 	d0 = dp[0];
92 	n1 = np[1];
93 	n0 = np[0];
94 
95 	if (n1 >= d1 && (n1 > d1 || n0 >= d0))
96 	  {
97 	    sub_ddmmss (n1, n0, n1, n0, d1, d0);
98 	    most_significant_q_limb = 1;
99 	  }
100 
101 	for (i = qextra_limbs + nsize - 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--)
102 	  {
103 	    mp_limb_t q;
104 	    mp_limb_t r;
105 
106 	    if (i >= qextra_limbs)
107 	      np--;
108 	    else
109 	      np[0] = 0;
110 
111 	    if (n1 == d1)
112 	      {
113 		/* Q should be either 111..111 or 111..110.  Need special
114 		   treatment of this rare case as normal division would
115 		   give overflow.  */
116 		q = ~(mp_limb_t) 0;
117 
118 		r = n0 + d1;
119 		if (r < d1)	/* Carry in the addition? */
120 		  {
121 		    add_ssaaaa (n1, n0, r - d0, np[0], 0, d0);
122 		    qp[i] = q;
123 		    continue;
124 		  }
125 		n1 = d0 - (d0 != 0);
126 		n0 = -d0;
127 	      }
128 	    else
129 	      {
130 		udiv_qrnnd (q, r, n1, n0, d1);
131 		umul_ppmm (n1, n0, d0, q);
132 	      }
133 
134 	    n2 = np[0];
135 	  q_test:
136 	    if (n1 > r || (n1 == r && n0 > n2))
137 	      {
138 		/* The estimated Q was too large.  */
139 		q--;
140 
141 		sub_ddmmss (n1, n0, n1, n0, 0, d0);
142 		r += d1;
143 		if (r >= d1)	/* If not carry, test Q again.  */
144 		  goto q_test;
145 	      }
146 
147 	    qp[i] = q;
148 	    sub_ddmmss (n1, n0, r, n2, n1, n0);
149 	  }
150 	np[1] = n1;
151 	np[0] = n0;
152       }
153       break;
154 
155     default:
156       {
157 	mp_size_t i;
158 	mp_limb_t dX, d1, n0;
159 
160 	np += nsize - dsize;
161 	dX = dp[dsize - 1];
162 	d1 = dp[dsize - 2];
163 	n0 = np[dsize - 1];
164 
165 	if (n0 >= dX)
166 	  {
167 	    if (n0 > dX || mpn_cmp (np, dp, dsize - 1) >= 0)
168 	      {
169 		mpn_sub_n (np, np, dp, dsize);
170 		n0 = np[dsize - 1];
171 		most_significant_q_limb = 1;
172 	      }
173 	  }
174 
175 	for (i = qextra_limbs + nsize - dsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
176 	  {
177 	    mp_limb_t q;
178 	    mp_limb_t n1, n2;
179 	    mp_limb_t cy_limb;
180 
181 	    if (i >= qextra_limbs)
182 	      {
183 		np--;
184 		n2 = np[dsize];
185 	      }
186 	    else
187 	      {
188 		n2 = np[dsize - 1];
189 		MPN_COPY_DECR (np + 1, np, dsize);
190 		np[0] = 0;
191 	      }
192 
193 	    if (n0 == dX)
194 	      /* This might over-estimate q, but it's probably not worth
195 		 the extra code here to find out.  */
196 	      q = ~(mp_limb_t) 0;
197 	    else
198 	      {
199 		mp_limb_t r;
200 
201 		udiv_qrnnd (q, r, n0, np[dsize - 1], dX);
202 		umul_ppmm (n1, n0, d1, q);
203 
204 		while (n1 > r || (n1 == r && n0 > np[dsize - 2]))
205 		  {
206 		    q--;
207 		    r += dX;
208 		    if (r < dX)	/* I.e. "carry in previous addition?"  */
209 		      break;
210 		    n1 -= n0 < d1;
211 		    n0 -= d1;
212 		  }
213 	      }
214 
215 	    /* Possible optimization: We already have (q * n0) and (1 * n1)
216 	       after the calculation of q.  Taking advantage of that, we
217 	       could make this loop make two iterations less.  */
218 
219 	    cy_limb = mpn_submul_1 (np, dp, dsize, q);
220 
221 	    if (n2 != cy_limb)
222 	      {
223 		mpn_add_n (np, np, dp, dsize);
224 		q--;
225 	      }
226 
227 	    qp[i] = q;
228 	    n0 = np[dsize - 1];
229 	  }
230       }
231     }
232 
233   return most_significant_q_limb;
234 }
235