1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
2 /*
3  * Report CPU and I/O stats, based on sysstat version 9.1.2 by Sebastien Godard
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2010 Marek Polacek <mmpolacek@gmail.com>
6  *
7  * Licensed under GPLv2, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
8  */
9 //config:config IOSTAT
10 //config:	bool "iostat (7.6 kb)"
11 //config:	default y
12 //config:	help
13 //config:	Report CPU and I/O statistics
14 
15 //applet:IF_IOSTAT(APPLET(iostat, BB_DIR_BIN, BB_SUID_DROP))
16 
17 //kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_IOSTAT) += iostat.o
18 
19 #include "libbb.h"
20 #include <sys/utsname.h>  /* struct utsname */
21 
22 //#define debug(fmt, ...) fprintf(stderr, fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__)
23 #define debug(fmt, ...) ((void)0)
24 
25 #define MAX_DEVICE_NAME 12
26 #define MAX_DEVICE_NAME_STR "12"
27 
28 #if 1
29 typedef unsigned long long cputime_t;
30 typedef long long icputime_t;
31 # define FMT_DATA "ll"
32 # define CPUTIME_MAX (~0ULL)
33 #else
34 typedef unsigned long cputime_t;
35 typedef long icputime_t;
36 # define FMT_DATA "l"
37 # define CPUTIME_MAX (~0UL)
38 #endif
39 
40 enum {
41 	STATS_CPU_USER,
42 	STATS_CPU_NICE,
43 	STATS_CPU_SYSTEM,
44 	STATS_CPU_IDLE,
45 	STATS_CPU_IOWAIT,
46 	STATS_CPU_IRQ,
47 	STATS_CPU_SOFTIRQ,
48 	STATS_CPU_STEAL,
49 	STATS_CPU_GUEST,
50 
51 	GLOBAL_UPTIME,
52 	SMP_UPTIME,
53 
54 	N_STATS_CPU,
55 };
56 
57 typedef struct {
58 	cputime_t vector[N_STATS_CPU];
59 } stats_cpu_t;
60 
61 typedef struct {
62 	stats_cpu_t *prev;
63 	stats_cpu_t *curr;
64 	cputime_t itv;
65 } stats_cpu_pair_t;
66 
67 typedef struct {
68 	unsigned long long rd_sectors;
69 	unsigned long long wr_sectors;
70 	unsigned long rd_ops;
71 	unsigned long wr_ops;
72 } stats_dev_data_t;
73 
74 typedef struct stats_dev {
75 	struct stats_dev *next;
76 	char dname[MAX_DEVICE_NAME + 1];
77 	stats_dev_data_t prev_data;
78 	stats_dev_data_t curr_data;
79 } stats_dev_t;
80 
81 /* Globals. Sort by size and access frequency. */
82 struct globals {
83 	smallint show_all;
84 	unsigned total_cpus;            /* Number of CPUs */
85 	unsigned clk_tck;               /* Number of clock ticks per second */
86 	llist_t *dev_name_list;         /* List of devices entered on the command line */
87 	stats_dev_t *stats_dev_list;
88 	struct tm tmtime;
89 	struct {
90 		const char *str;
91 		unsigned div;
92 	} unit;
93 };
94 #define G (*ptr_to_globals)
95 #define INIT_G() do { \
96 	SET_PTR_TO_GLOBALS(xzalloc(sizeof(G))); \
97 	G.unit.str = "Blk"; \
98 	G.unit.div = 1; \
99 } while (0)
100 
101 /* Must match option string! */
102 enum {
103 	OPT_c = 1 << 0,
104 	OPT_d = 1 << 1,
105 	OPT_t = 1 << 2,
106 	OPT_z = 1 << 3,
107 	OPT_k = 1 << 4,
108 	OPT_m = 1 << 5,
109 };
110 
this_is_smp(void)111 static ALWAYS_INLINE int this_is_smp(void)
112 {
113 	return (G.total_cpus > 1);
114 }
115 
print_header(void)116 static void print_header(void)
117 {
118 	char buf[32];
119 	struct utsname uts;
120 
121 	uname(&uts); /* never fails */
122 
123 	/* Date representation for the current locale */
124 	strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%x", &G.tmtime);
125 
126 	printf("%s %s (%s) \t%s \t_%s_\t(%u CPU)\n\n",
127 			uts.sysname, uts.release, uts.nodename,
128 			buf, uts.machine, G.total_cpus);
129 }
130 
get_localtime(struct tm * ptm)131 static void get_localtime(struct tm *ptm)
132 {
133 	time_t timer;
134 	time(&timer);
135 	localtime_r(&timer, ptm);
136 }
137 
print_timestamp(void)138 static void print_timestamp(void)
139 {
140 	char buf[64];
141 	/* %x: date representation for the current locale */
142 	/* %X: time representation for the current locale */
143 	strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%x %X", &G.tmtime);
144 	puts(buf);
145 }
146 
get_smp_uptime(void)147 static cputime_t get_smp_uptime(void)
148 {
149 	FILE *fp;
150 	unsigned long sec, dec;
151 
152 	fp = xfopen_for_read("/proc/uptime");
153 
154 	if (fscanf(fp, "%lu.%lu", &sec, &dec) != 2)
155 		bb_error_msg_and_die("can't read '%s'", "/proc/uptime");
156 
157 	fclose(fp);
158 
159 	return (cputime_t)sec * G.clk_tck + dec * G.clk_tck / 100;
160 }
161 
162 /* Fetch CPU statistics from /proc/stat */
get_cpu_statistics(stats_cpu_t * sc)163 static void get_cpu_statistics(stats_cpu_t *sc)
164 {
165 	FILE *fp;
166 	char buf[1024];
167 
168 	fp = xfopen_for_read("/proc/stat");
169 
170 	memset(sc, 0, sizeof(*sc));
171 
172 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
173 		int i;
174 		char *ibuf;
175 
176 		/* Does the line start with "cpu "? */
177 		if (!starts_with_cpu(buf) || buf[3] != ' ') {
178 			continue;
179 		}
180 		ibuf = buf + 4;
181 		for (i = STATS_CPU_USER; i <= STATS_CPU_GUEST; i++) {
182 			ibuf = skip_whitespace(ibuf);
183 			sscanf(ibuf, "%"FMT_DATA"u", &sc->vector[i]);
184 			if (i != STATS_CPU_GUEST) {
185 				sc->vector[GLOBAL_UPTIME] += sc->vector[i];
186 			}
187 			ibuf = skip_non_whitespace(ibuf);
188 		}
189 		break;
190 	}
191 
192 	if (this_is_smp()) {
193 		sc->vector[SMP_UPTIME] = get_smp_uptime();
194 	}
195 
196 	fclose(fp);
197 }
198 
get_interval(cputime_t old,cputime_t new)199 static ALWAYS_INLINE cputime_t get_interval(cputime_t old, cputime_t new)
200 {
201 	cputime_t itv = new - old;
202 
203 	return (itv == 0) ? 1 : itv;
204 }
205 
206 #if CPUTIME_MAX > 0xffffffff
207 /*
208  * Handle overflow conditions properly for counters which can have
209  * less bits than cputime_t, depending on the kernel version.
210  */
211 /* Surprisingly, on 32bit inlining is a size win */
overflow_safe_sub(cputime_t prev,cputime_t curr)212 static ALWAYS_INLINE cputime_t overflow_safe_sub(cputime_t prev, cputime_t curr)
213 {
214 	cputime_t v = curr - prev;
215 
216 	if ((icputime_t)v < 0     /* curr < prev - counter overflow? */
217 	 && prev <= 0xffffffff /* kernel uses 32bit value for the counter? */
218 	) {
219 		/* Add 33th bit set to 1 to curr, compensating for the overflow */
220 		/* double shift defeats "warning: left shift count >= width of type" */
221 		v += ((cputime_t)1 << 16) << 16;
222 	}
223 	return v;
224 }
225 #else
overflow_safe_sub(cputime_t prev,cputime_t curr)226 static ALWAYS_INLINE cputime_t overflow_safe_sub(cputime_t prev, cputime_t curr)
227 {
228 	return curr - prev;
229 }
230 #endif
231 
percent_value(cputime_t prev,cputime_t curr,cputime_t itv)232 static double percent_value(cputime_t prev, cputime_t curr, cputime_t itv)
233 {
234 	return ((double)overflow_safe_sub(prev, curr)) / itv * 100;
235 }
236 
print_stats_cpu_struct(stats_cpu_pair_t * stats)237 static void print_stats_cpu_struct(stats_cpu_pair_t *stats)
238 {
239 	cputime_t *p = stats->prev->vector;
240 	cputime_t *c = stats->curr->vector;
241 	printf("        %7.2f %7.2f %7.2f %7.2f %7.2f %7.2f\n",
242 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_USER]  , c[STATS_CPU_USER]  , stats->itv),
243 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_NICE]  , c[STATS_CPU_NICE]  , stats->itv),
244 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_SYSTEM] + p[STATS_CPU_SOFTIRQ] + p[STATS_CPU_IRQ],
245 			c[STATS_CPU_SYSTEM] + c[STATS_CPU_SOFTIRQ] + c[STATS_CPU_IRQ], stats->itv),
246 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_IOWAIT], c[STATS_CPU_IOWAIT], stats->itv),
247 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_STEAL] , c[STATS_CPU_STEAL] , stats->itv),
248 		percent_value(p[STATS_CPU_IDLE]  , c[STATS_CPU_IDLE]  , stats->itv)
249 	);
250 }
251 
cpu_report(stats_cpu_pair_t * stats)252 static void cpu_report(stats_cpu_pair_t *stats)
253 {
254 	/* Always print a header */
255 	puts("avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle");
256 
257 	/* Print current statistics */
258 	print_stats_cpu_struct(stats);
259 }
260 
print_stats_dev_struct(stats_dev_t * stats_dev,cputime_t itv)261 static void print_stats_dev_struct(stats_dev_t *stats_dev, cputime_t itv)
262 {
263 	stats_dev_data_t *p = &stats_dev->prev_data;
264 	stats_dev_data_t *c = &stats_dev->curr_data;
265 	if (option_mask32 & OPT_z)
266 		if (p->rd_ops == c->rd_ops && p->wr_ops == c->wr_ops)
267 			return;
268 
269 	printf("%-13s %8.2f %12.2f %12.2f %10llu %10llu\n",
270 		stats_dev->dname,
271 		percent_value(p->rd_ops + p->wr_ops, c->rd_ops + c->wr_ops, itv),
272 		percent_value(p->rd_sectors, c->rd_sectors, itv) / G.unit.div,
273 		percent_value(p->wr_sectors, c->wr_sectors, itv) / G.unit.div,
274 		(c->rd_sectors - p->rd_sectors) / G.unit.div,
275 		(c->wr_sectors - p->wr_sectors) / G.unit.div
276 	);
277 }
278 
print_devstat_header(void)279 static void print_devstat_header(void)
280 {
281 	printf("Device:%15s%6s%s/s%6s%s/s%6s%s%6s%s\n",
282 		"tps",
283 		G.unit.str, "_read", G.unit.str, "_wrtn",
284 		G.unit.str, "_read", G.unit.str, "_wrtn"
285 	);
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Is input partition of format [sdaN]?
290  */
is_partition(const char * dev)291 static int is_partition(const char *dev)
292 {
293 	/* Ok, this is naive... */
294 	return ((dev[0] - 's') | (dev[1] - 'd') | (dev[2] - 'a')) == 0 && isdigit(dev[3]);
295 }
296 
stats_dev_find_or_new(const char * dev_name)297 static stats_dev_t *stats_dev_find_or_new(const char *dev_name)
298 {
299 	stats_dev_t **curr = &G.stats_dev_list;
300 
301 	while (*curr != NULL) {
302 		if (strcmp((*curr)->dname, dev_name) == 0)
303 			return *curr;
304 		curr = &(*curr)->next;
305 	}
306 
307 	*curr = xzalloc(sizeof(stats_dev_t));
308 	strncpy((*curr)->dname, dev_name, MAX_DEVICE_NAME);
309 	return *curr;
310 }
311 
stats_dev_free(stats_dev_t * stats_dev)312 static void stats_dev_free(stats_dev_t *stats_dev)
313 {
314 	if (stats_dev) {
315 		stats_dev_free(stats_dev->next);
316 		free(stats_dev);
317 	}
318 }
319 
do_disk_statistics(cputime_t itv)320 static void do_disk_statistics(cputime_t itv)
321 {
322 	char buf[128];
323 	char dev_name[MAX_DEVICE_NAME + 1];
324 	unsigned long long rd_sec_or_dummy;
325 	unsigned long long wr_sec_or_dummy;
326 	stats_dev_data_t *curr_data;
327 	stats_dev_t *stats_dev;
328 	FILE *fp;
329 	int rc;
330 
331 	fp = xfopen_for_read("/proc/diskstats");
332 	/* Read and possibly print stats from /proc/diskstats */
333 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
334 		sscanf(buf, "%*s %*s %"MAX_DEVICE_NAME_STR"s", dev_name);
335 		if (G.dev_name_list) {
336 			/* Is device name in list? */
337 			if (!llist_find_str(G.dev_name_list, dev_name))
338 				continue;
339 		} else if (is_partition(dev_name)) {
340 			continue;
341 		}
342 
343 		stats_dev = stats_dev_find_or_new(dev_name);
344 		curr_data = &stats_dev->curr_data;
345 
346 		rc = sscanf(buf, "%*s %*s %*s %lu %llu %llu %llu %lu %*s %llu",
347 			&curr_data->rd_ops,
348 			&rd_sec_or_dummy,
349 			&curr_data->rd_sectors,
350 			&wr_sec_or_dummy,
351 			&curr_data->wr_ops,
352 			&curr_data->wr_sectors);
353 		if (rc != 6) {
354 			curr_data->rd_sectors = rd_sec_or_dummy;
355 			curr_data->wr_sectors = wr_sec_or_dummy;
356 			//curr_data->rd_ops = ;
357 			curr_data->wr_ops = (unsigned long)curr_data->rd_sectors;
358 		}
359 
360 		if (!G.dev_name_list /* User didn't specify device */
361 		 && !G.show_all
362 		 && curr_data->rd_ops == 0
363 		 && curr_data->wr_ops == 0
364 		) {
365 			/* Don't print unused device */
366 			continue;
367 		}
368 
369 		/* Print current statistics */
370 		print_stats_dev_struct(stats_dev, itv);
371 		stats_dev->prev_data = *curr_data;
372 	}
373 
374 	fclose(fp);
375 }
376 
dev_report(cputime_t itv)377 static void dev_report(cputime_t itv)
378 {
379 	/* Always print a header */
380 	print_devstat_header();
381 
382 	/* Fetch current disk statistics */
383 	do_disk_statistics(itv);
384 }
385 
386 //usage:#define iostat_trivial_usage
387 //usage:       "[-c] [-d] [-t] [-z] [-k|-m] [ALL|BLOCKDEV...] [INTERVAL [COUNT]]"
388 //usage:#define iostat_full_usage "\n\n"
389 //usage:       "Report CPU and I/O statistics\n"
390 //usage:     "\n	-c	Show CPU utilization"
391 //usage:     "\n	-d	Show device utilization"
392 //usage:     "\n	-t	Print current time"
393 //usage:     "\n	-z	Omit devices with no activity"
394 //usage:     "\n	-k	Use kb/s"
395 //usage:     "\n	-m	Use Mb/s"
396 
397 int iostat_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
iostat_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM,char ** argv)398 int iostat_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
399 {
400 	int opt;
401 	unsigned interval;
402 	int count;
403 	stats_cpu_t stats_data[2];
404 	smallint current_stats;
405 
406 	INIT_G();
407 
408 	memset(&stats_data, 0, sizeof(stats_data));
409 
410 	/* Get number of clock ticks per sec */
411 	G.clk_tck = bb_clk_tck();
412 
413 	/* Determine number of CPUs */
414 	G.total_cpus = get_cpu_count();
415 	if (G.total_cpus == 0)
416 		G.total_cpus = 1;
417 
418 	/* Parse and process arguments */
419 	/* -k and -m are mutually exclusive */
420 	opt = getopt32(argv, "^" "cdtzkm" "\0" "k--m:m--k");
421 	if (!(opt & (OPT_c + OPT_d)))
422 		/* Default is -cd */
423 		opt |= OPT_c + OPT_d;
424 
425 	argv += optind;
426 
427 	/* Store device names into device list */
428 	while (*argv && !isdigit(*argv[0])) {
429 		if (strcmp(*argv, "ALL") != 0) {
430 			/* If not ALL, save device name */
431 			char *dev_name = skip_dev_pfx(*argv);
432 			if (!llist_find_str(G.dev_name_list, dev_name)) {
433 				llist_add_to(&G.dev_name_list, dev_name);
434 			}
435 		} else {
436 			G.show_all = 1;
437 		}
438 		argv++;
439 	}
440 
441 	interval = 0;
442 	count = 1;
443 	if (*argv) {
444 		/* Get interval */
445 		interval = xatoi_positive(*argv);
446 		count = (interval != 0 ? -1 : 1);
447 		argv++;
448 		if (*argv)
449 			/* Get count value */
450 			count = xatoi_positive(*argv);
451 	}
452 
453 	if (opt & OPT_m) {
454 		G.unit.str = " MB";
455 		G.unit.div = 2048;
456 	}
457 
458 	if (opt & OPT_k) {
459 		G.unit.str = " kB";
460 		G.unit.div = 2;
461 	}
462 
463 	get_localtime(&G.tmtime);
464 
465 	/* Display header */
466 	print_header();
467 
468 	current_stats = 0;
469 	/* Main loop */
470 	for (;;) {
471 		stats_cpu_pair_t stats;
472 
473 		stats.prev = &stats_data[current_stats ^ 1];
474 		stats.curr = &stats_data[current_stats];
475 
476 		/* Fill the time structure */
477 		get_localtime(&G.tmtime);
478 
479 		/* Fetch current CPU statistics */
480 		get_cpu_statistics(stats.curr);
481 
482 		/* Get interval */
483 		stats.itv = get_interval(
484 			stats.prev->vector[GLOBAL_UPTIME],
485 			stats.curr->vector[GLOBAL_UPTIME]
486 		);
487 
488 		if (opt & OPT_t)
489 			print_timestamp();
490 
491 		if (opt & OPT_c) {
492 			cpu_report(&stats);
493 			if (opt & OPT_d)
494 				/* Separate outputs by a newline */
495 				bb_putchar('\n');
496 		}
497 
498 		if (opt & OPT_d) {
499 			if (this_is_smp()) {
500 				stats.itv = get_interval(
501 					stats.prev->vector[SMP_UPTIME],
502 					stats.curr->vector[SMP_UPTIME]
503 				);
504 			}
505 			dev_report(stats.itv);
506 		}
507 
508 		bb_putchar('\n');
509 
510 		if (count > 0) {
511 			if (--count == 0)
512 				break;
513 		}
514 
515 		/* Swap stats */
516 		current_stats ^= 1;
517 
518 		sleep(interval);
519 	}
520 
521 	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) {
522 		llist_free(G.dev_name_list, NULL);
523 		stats_dev_free(G.stats_dev_list);
524 		free(&G);
525 	}
526 
527 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
528 }
529