1 /*
2  *  linux/arch/alpha/mm/init.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
5  */
6 
7 /* 2.3.x zone allocator, 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> */
8 
9 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
10 #include <linux/signal.h>
11 #include <linux/sched.h>
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/errno.h>
14 #include <linux/string.h>
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
17 #include <linux/mman.h>
18 #include <linux/mm.h>
19 #include <linux/swap.h>
20 #include <linux/init.h>
21 #include <linux/bootmem.h> /* max_low_pfn */
22 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
23 #include <linux/gfp.h>
24 
25 #include <asm/system.h>
26 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
27 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
28 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
29 #include <asm/hwrpb.h>
30 #include <asm/dma.h>
31 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
32 #include <asm/console.h>
33 #include <asm/tlb.h>
34 
35 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
36 
37 extern void die_if_kernel(char *,struct pt_regs *,long);
38 
39 static struct pcb_struct original_pcb;
40 
41 pgd_t *
pgd_alloc(struct mm_struct * mm)42 pgd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm)
43 {
44 	pgd_t *ret, *init;
45 
46 	ret = (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
47 	init = pgd_offset(&init_mm, 0UL);
48 	if (ret) {
49 #ifdef CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC
50 		memcpy (ret + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD, init + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD,
51 			(PTRS_PER_PGD - USER_PTRS_PER_PGD - 1)*sizeof(pgd_t));
52 #else
53 		pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]) = pgd_val(init[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]);
54 #endif
55 
56 		/* The last PGD entry is the VPTB self-map.  */
57 		pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-1])
58 		  = pte_val(mk_pte(virt_to_page(ret), PAGE_KERNEL));
59 	}
60 	return ret;
61 }
62 
63 
64 /*
65  * BAD_PAGE is the page that is used for page faults when linux
66  * is out-of-memory. Older versions of linux just did a
67  * do_exit(), but using this instead means there is less risk
68  * for a process dying in kernel mode, possibly leaving an inode
69  * unused etc..
70  *
71  * BAD_PAGETABLE is the accompanying page-table: it is initialized
72  * to point to BAD_PAGE entries.
73  *
74  * ZERO_PAGE is a special page that is used for zero-initialized
75  * data and COW.
76  */
77 pmd_t *
__bad_pagetable(void)78 __bad_pagetable(void)
79 {
80 	memset((void *) EMPTY_PGT, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
81 	return (pmd_t *) EMPTY_PGT;
82 }
83 
84 pte_t
__bad_page(void)85 __bad_page(void)
86 {
87 	memset((void *) EMPTY_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
88 	return pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(virt_to_page(EMPTY_PGE), PAGE_SHARED));
89 }
90 
91 static inline unsigned long
load_PCB(struct pcb_struct * pcb)92 load_PCB(struct pcb_struct *pcb)
93 {
94 	register unsigned long sp __asm__("$30");
95 	pcb->ksp = sp;
96 	return __reload_thread(pcb);
97 }
98 
99 /* Set up initial PCB, VPTB, and other such nicities.  */
100 
101 static inline void
switch_to_system_map(void)102 switch_to_system_map(void)
103 {
104 	unsigned long newptbr;
105 	unsigned long original_pcb_ptr;
106 
107 	/* Initialize the kernel's page tables.  Linux puts the vptb in
108 	   the last slot of the L1 page table.  */
109 	memset(swapper_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
110 	newptbr = ((unsigned long) swapper_pg_dir - PAGE_OFFSET) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
111 	pgd_val(swapper_pg_dir[1023]) =
112 		(newptbr << 32) | pgprot_val(PAGE_KERNEL);
113 
114 	/* Set the vptb.  This is often done by the bootloader, but
115 	   shouldn't be required.  */
116 	if (hwrpb->vptb != 0xfffffffe00000000UL) {
117 		wrvptptr(0xfffffffe00000000UL);
118 		hwrpb->vptb = 0xfffffffe00000000UL;
119 		hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
120 	}
121 
122 	/* Also set up the real kernel PCB while we're at it.  */
123 	init_thread_info.pcb.ptbr = newptbr;
124 	init_thread_info.pcb.flags = 1;	/* set FEN, clear everything else */
125 	original_pcb_ptr = load_PCB(&init_thread_info.pcb);
126 	tbia();
127 
128 	/* Save off the contents of the original PCB so that we can
129 	   restore the original console's page tables for a clean reboot.
130 
131 	   Note that the PCB is supposed to be a physical address, but
132 	   since KSEG values also happen to work, folks get confused.
133 	   Check this here.  */
134 
135 	if (original_pcb_ptr < PAGE_OFFSET) {
136 		original_pcb_ptr = (unsigned long)
137 			phys_to_virt(original_pcb_ptr);
138 	}
139 	original_pcb = *(struct pcb_struct *) original_pcb_ptr;
140 }
141 
142 int callback_init_done;
143 
144 void * __init
callback_init(void * kernel_end)145 callback_init(void * kernel_end)
146 {
147 	struct crb_struct * crb;
148 	pgd_t *pgd;
149 	pmd_t *pmd;
150 	void *two_pages;
151 
152 	/* Starting at the HWRPB, locate the CRB. */
153 	crb = (struct crb_struct *)((char *)hwrpb + hwrpb->crb_offset);
154 
155 	if (alpha_using_srm) {
156 		/* Tell the console whither it is to be remapped. */
157 		if (srm_fixup(VMALLOC_START, (unsigned long)hwrpb))
158 			__halt();		/* "We're boned."  --Bender */
159 
160 		/* Edit the procedure descriptors for DISPATCH and FIXUP. */
161 		crb->dispatch_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
162 			(VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->dispatch_va
163 			 - crb->map[0].va);
164 		crb->fixup_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
165 			(VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->fixup_va
166 			 - crb->map[0].va);
167 	}
168 
169 	switch_to_system_map();
170 
171 	/* Allocate one PGD and one PMD.  In the case of SRM, we'll need
172 	   these to actually remap the console.  There is an assumption
173 	   here that only one of each is needed, and this allows for 8MB.
174 	   On systems with larger consoles, additional pages will be
175 	   allocated as needed during the mapping process.
176 
177 	   In the case of not SRM, but not CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC,
178 	   we need to allocate the PGD we use for vmalloc before we start
179 	   forking other tasks.  */
180 
181 	two_pages = (void *)
182 	  (((unsigned long)kernel_end + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK);
183 	kernel_end = two_pages + 2*PAGE_SIZE;
184 	memset(two_pages, 0, 2*PAGE_SIZE);
185 
186 	pgd = pgd_offset_k(VMALLOC_START);
187 	pgd_set(pgd, (pmd_t *)two_pages);
188 	pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, VMALLOC_START);
189 	pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)(two_pages + PAGE_SIZE));
190 
191 	if (alpha_using_srm) {
192 		static struct vm_struct console_remap_vm;
193 		unsigned long nr_pages = 0;
194 		unsigned long vaddr;
195 		unsigned long i, j;
196 
197 		/* calculate needed size */
198 		for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i)
199 			nr_pages += crb->map[i].count;
200 
201 		/* register the vm area */
202 		console_remap_vm.flags = VM_ALLOC;
203 		console_remap_vm.size = nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
204 		vm_area_register_early(&console_remap_vm, PAGE_SIZE);
205 
206 		vaddr = (unsigned long)console_remap_vm.addr;
207 
208 		/* Set up the third level PTEs and update the virtual
209 		   addresses of the CRB entries.  */
210 		for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i) {
211 			unsigned long pfn = crb->map[i].pa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
212 			crb->map[i].va = vaddr;
213 			for (j = 0; j < crb->map[i].count; ++j) {
214 				/* Newer consoles (especially on larger
215 				   systems) may require more pages of
216 				   PTEs. Grab additional pages as needed. */
217 				if (pmd != pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr)) {
218 					memset(kernel_end, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
219 					pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr);
220 					pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)kernel_end);
221 					kernel_end += PAGE_SIZE;
222 				}
223 				set_pte(pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr),
224 					pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL));
225 				pfn++;
226 				vaddr += PAGE_SIZE;
227 			}
228 		}
229 	}
230 
231 	callback_init_done = 1;
232 	return kernel_end;
233 }
234 
235 
236 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
237 /*
238  * paging_init() sets up the memory map.
239  */
paging_init(void)240 void __init paging_init(void)
241 {
242 	unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0, };
243 	unsigned long dma_pfn, high_pfn;
244 
245 	dma_pfn = virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
246 	high_pfn = max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
247 
248 	if (dma_pfn >= high_pfn)
249 		zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = high_pfn;
250 	else {
251 		zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = dma_pfn;
252 		zones_size[ZONE_NORMAL] = high_pfn - dma_pfn;
253 	}
254 
255 	/* Initialize mem_map[].  */
256 	free_area_init(zones_size);
257 
258 	/* Initialize the kernel's ZERO_PGE. */
259 	memset((void *)ZERO_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
260 }
261 #endif /* CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM */
262 
263 #if defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_GENERIC) || defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_SRM)
264 void
srm_paging_stop(void)265 srm_paging_stop (void)
266 {
267 	/* Move the vptb back to where the SRM console expects it.  */
268 	swapper_pg_dir[1] = swapper_pg_dir[1023];
269 	tbia();
270 	wrvptptr(0x200000000UL);
271 	hwrpb->vptb = 0x200000000UL;
272 	hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
273 
274 	/* Reload the page tables that the console had in use.  */
275 	load_PCB(&original_pcb);
276 	tbia();
277 }
278 #endif
279 
280 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
281 static void __init
printk_memory_info(void)282 printk_memory_info(void)
283 {
284 	unsigned long codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize, tmp;
285 	extern int page_is_ram(unsigned long) __init;
286 	extern char _text, _etext, _data, _edata;
287 	extern char __init_begin, __init_end;
288 
289 	/* printk all informations */
290 	reservedpages = 0;
291 	for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
292 		/*
293 		 * Only count reserved RAM pages
294 		 */
295 		if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(mem_map+tmp))
296 			reservedpages++;
297 
298 	codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
299 	datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_data;
300 	initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
301 
302 	printk("Memory: %luk/%luk available (%luk kernel code, %luk reserved, %luk data, %luk init)\n",
303 	       nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
304 	       max_mapnr << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
305 	       codesize >> 10,
306 	       reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
307 	       datasize >> 10,
308 	       initsize >> 10);
309 }
310 
311 void __init
mem_init(void)312 mem_init(void)
313 {
314 	max_mapnr = num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
315 	totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
316 	high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
317 
318 	printk_memory_info();
319 }
320 #endif /* CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM */
321 
322 void
free_reserved_mem(void * start,void * end)323 free_reserved_mem(void *start, void *end)
324 {
325 	void *__start = start;
326 	for (; __start < end; __start += PAGE_SIZE) {
327 		ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(__start));
328 		init_page_count(virt_to_page(__start));
329 		free_page((long)__start);
330 		totalram_pages++;
331 	}
332 }
333 
334 void
free_initmem(void)335 free_initmem(void)
336 {
337 	extern char __init_begin, __init_end;
338 
339 	free_reserved_mem(&__init_begin, &__init_end);
340 	printk ("Freeing unused kernel memory: %ldk freed\n",
341 		(&__init_end - &__init_begin) >> 10);
342 }
343 
344 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
345 void
free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start,unsigned long end)346 free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
347 {
348 	free_reserved_mem((void *)start, (void *)end);
349 	printk ("Freeing initrd memory: %ldk freed\n", (end - start) >> 10);
350 }
351 #endif
352