xref: /DragonOS/kernel/src/libs/rwlock.rs (revision 5b59005f930266d0e9c0092373e894826150f862)
1 #![allow(dead_code)]
2 use core::{
3     cell::UnsafeCell,
4     hint::spin_loop,
5     mem::{self, ManuallyDrop},
6     ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
7     sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering},
8 };
9 
10 use system_error::SystemError;
11 
12 use crate::{
13     arch::CurrentIrqArch,
14     exception::{InterruptArch, IrqFlagsGuard},
15     process::ProcessManager,
16 };
17 
18 ///RwLock读写锁
19 
20 /// @brief READER位占据从右往左数第三个比特位
21 const READER: u32 = 1 << 2;
22 
23 /// @brief UPGRADED位占据从右到左数第二个比特位
24 const UPGRADED: u32 = 1 << 1;
25 
26 /// @brief WRITER位占据最右边的比特位
27 const WRITER: u32 = 1;
28 
29 const READER_BIT: u32 = 2;
30 
31 /// @brief 读写锁的基本数据结构
32 /// @param lock 32位原子变量,最右边的两位从左到右分别是UPGRADED,WRITER (标志位)
33 ///             剩下的bit位存储READER数量(除了MSB)
34 ///             对于标志位,0代表无, 1代表有
35 ///             对于剩下的比特位表征READER的数量的多少
36 ///             lock的MSB必须为0,否则溢出
37 #[derive(Debug)]
38 pub struct RwLock<T> {
39     lock: AtomicU32,
40     data: UnsafeCell<T>,
41 }
42 
43 /// @brief  READER守卫的数据结构
44 /// @param lock 是对RwLock的lock属性值的只读引用
45 pub struct RwLockReadGuard<'a, T: 'a> {
46     data: *const T,
47     lock: &'a AtomicU32,
48     irq_guard: Option<IrqFlagsGuard>,
49 }
50 
51 /// @brief UPGRADED是介于READER和WRITER之间的一种锁,它可以升级为WRITER,
52 ///        UPGRADED守卫的数据结构,注册UPGRADED锁只需要查看UPGRADED和WRITER的比特位
53 ///        但是当UPGRADED守卫注册后,不允许有新的读者锁注册
54 /// @param inner    是对RwLock数据结构的只读引用
55 pub struct RwLockUpgradableGuard<'a, T: 'a> {
56     data: *const T,
57     inner: &'a RwLock<T>,
58     irq_guard: Option<IrqFlagsGuard>,
59 }
60 
61 /// @brief WRITER守卫的数据结构
62 /// @param data     RwLock的data的可变引用
63 /// @param inner    是对RwLock数据结构的只读引用
64 pub struct RwLockWriteGuard<'a, T: 'a> {
65     data: *mut T,
66     inner: &'a RwLock<T>,
67     irq_guard: Option<IrqFlagsGuard>,
68 }
69 
70 unsafe impl<T: Send> Send for RwLock<T> {}
71 unsafe impl<T: Send + Sync> Sync for RwLock<T> {}
72 
73 /// @brief RwLock的API
74 impl<T> RwLock<T> {
75     #[inline]
76     /// @brief  RwLock的初始化
77     pub const fn new(data: T) -> Self {
78         return RwLock {
79             lock: AtomicU32::new(0),
80             data: UnsafeCell::new(data),
81         };
82     }
83 
84     #[allow(dead_code)]
85     #[inline]
86     /// @brief 将读写锁的皮扒掉,返回内在的data,返回的是一个真身而非引用
87     pub fn into_inner(self) -> T {
88         let RwLock { data, .. } = self;
89         return data.into_inner();
90     }
91 
92     #[allow(dead_code)]
93     #[inline]
94     /// @brief 返回data的raw pointer,
95     /// unsafe
96     pub fn as_mut_ptr(&self) -> *mut T {
97         return self.data.get();
98     }
99 
100     #[allow(dead_code)]
101     #[inline]
102     /// @brief 获取实时的读者数并尝试加1,如果增加值成功则返回增加1后的读者数,否则panic
103     fn current_reader(&self) -> Result<u32, SystemError> {
104         const MAX_READERS: u32 = core::u32::MAX >> READER_BIT >> 1; //右移3位
105 
106         let value = self.lock.fetch_add(READER, Ordering::Acquire);
107         //value二进制形式的MSB不能为1, 否则导致溢出
108 
109         if value > MAX_READERS << READER_BIT {
110             self.lock.fetch_sub(READER, Ordering::Release);
111             //panic!("Too many lock readers, cannot safely proceed");
112             return Err(SystemError::EOVERFLOW);
113         } else {
114             return Ok(value);
115         }
116     }
117 
118     #[allow(dead_code)]
119     #[inline]
120     /// @brief 尝试获取READER守卫
121     pub fn try_read(&self) -> Option<RwLockReadGuard<T>> {
122         ProcessManager::preempt_disable();
123         let r = self.inner_try_read();
124         if r.is_none() {
125             ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
126         }
127         return r;
128     }
129 
130     fn inner_try_read(&self) -> Option<RwLockReadGuard<T>> {
131         let reader_value = self.current_reader();
132         //得到自增后的reader_value, 包括了尝试获得READER守卫的进程
133         let value;
134 
135         if reader_value.is_err() {
136             return None; //获取失败
137         } else {
138             value = reader_value.unwrap();
139         }
140 
141         //判断有没有writer和upgrader
142         //注意, 若upgrader存在,已经存在的读者继续占有锁,但新读者不允许获得锁
143         if value & (WRITER | UPGRADED) != 0 {
144             self.lock.fetch_sub(READER, Ordering::Release);
145             return None;
146         } else {
147             return Some(RwLockReadGuard {
148                 data: unsafe { &*self.data.get() },
149                 lock: &self.lock,
150                 irq_guard: None,
151             });
152         }
153     }
154 
155     #[allow(dead_code)]
156     #[inline]
157     /// @brief 获得READER的守卫
158     pub fn read(&self) -> RwLockReadGuard<T> {
159         loop {
160             match self.try_read() {
161                 Some(guard) => return guard,
162                 None => spin_loop(),
163             }
164         } //忙等待
165     }
166 
167     /// 关中断并获取读者守卫
168     pub fn read_irqsave(&self) -> RwLockReadGuard<T> {
169         loop {
170             let irq_guard = unsafe { CurrentIrqArch::save_and_disable_irq() };
171             match self.try_read() {
172                 Some(mut guard) => {
173                     guard.irq_guard = Some(irq_guard);
174                     return guard;
175                 }
176                 None => spin_loop(),
177             }
178         }
179     }
180 
181     /// 尝试关闭中断并获取读者守卫
182     pub fn try_read_irqsave(&self) -> Option<RwLockReadGuard<T>> {
183         let irq_guard = unsafe { CurrentIrqArch::save_and_disable_irq() };
184         if let Some(mut guard) = self.try_read() {
185             guard.irq_guard = Some(irq_guard);
186             return Some(guard);
187         } else {
188             return None;
189         }
190     }
191 
192     #[allow(dead_code)]
193     #[inline]
194     /// @brief 获取读者+UPGRADER的数量, 不能保证能否获得同步值
195     pub fn reader_count(&self) -> u32 {
196         let state = self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
197         return state / READER + (state & UPGRADED) / UPGRADED;
198     }
199 
200     #[allow(dead_code)]
201     #[inline]
202     /// @brief 获取写者数量,不能保证能否获得同步值
203     pub fn writer_count(&self) -> u32 {
204         return (self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & WRITER) / WRITER;
205     }
206 
207     #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "riscv64"))]
208     #[allow(dead_code)]
209     #[inline]
210     /// @brief 尝试获得WRITER守卫
211     pub fn try_write(&self) -> Option<RwLockWriteGuard<T>> {
212         ProcessManager::preempt_disable();
213         let r = self.inner_try_write();
214         if r.is_none() {
215             ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
216         }
217 
218         return r;
219     } //当架构为arm时,有些代码需要作出调整compare_exchange=>compare_exchange_weak
220 
221     #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "riscv64"))]
222     #[allow(dead_code)]
223     fn inner_try_write(&self) -> Option<RwLockWriteGuard<T>> {
224         let res: bool = self
225             .lock
226             .compare_exchange(0, WRITER, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed)
227             .is_ok();
228         //只有lock大小为0的时候能获得写者守卫
229         if res {
230             return Some(RwLockWriteGuard {
231                 data: unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() },
232                 inner: self,
233                 irq_guard: None,
234             });
235         } else {
236             return None;
237         }
238     }
239 
240     #[allow(dead_code)]
241     #[inline]
242     /// @brief 获得WRITER守卫
243     pub fn write(&self) -> RwLockWriteGuard<T> {
244         loop {
245             match self.try_write() {
246                 Some(guard) => return guard,
247                 None => spin_loop(),
248             }
249         }
250     }
251 
252     #[allow(dead_code)]
253     #[inline]
254     /// @brief 获取WRITER守卫并关中断
255     pub fn write_irqsave(&self) -> RwLockWriteGuard<T> {
256         loop {
257             let irq_guard = unsafe { CurrentIrqArch::save_and_disable_irq() };
258             match self.try_write() {
259                 Some(mut guard) => {
260                     guard.irq_guard = Some(irq_guard);
261                     return guard;
262                 }
263                 None => spin_loop(),
264             }
265         }
266     }
267 
268     #[allow(dead_code)]
269     #[inline]
270     /// @brief 尝试获得UPGRADER守卫
271     pub fn try_upgradeable_read(&self) -> Option<RwLockUpgradableGuard<T>> {
272         ProcessManager::preempt_disable();
273         let r = self.inner_try_upgradeable_read();
274         if r.is_none() {
275             ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
276         }
277 
278         return r;
279     }
280 
281     #[allow(dead_code)]
282     pub fn try_upgradeable_read_irqsave(&self) -> Option<RwLockUpgradableGuard<T>> {
283         let irq_guard = unsafe { CurrentIrqArch::save_and_disable_irq() };
284         ProcessManager::preempt_disable();
285         let mut r = self.inner_try_upgradeable_read();
286         if r.is_none() {
287             ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
288         } else {
289             r.as_mut().unwrap().irq_guard = Some(irq_guard);
290         }
291 
292         return r;
293     }
294 
295     fn inner_try_upgradeable_read(&self) -> Option<RwLockUpgradableGuard<T>> {
296         // 获得UPGRADER守卫不需要查看读者位
297         // 如果获得读者锁失败,不需要撤回fetch_or的原子操作
298         if self.lock.fetch_or(UPGRADED, Ordering::Acquire) & (WRITER | UPGRADED) == 0 {
299             return Some(RwLockUpgradableGuard {
300                 inner: self,
301                 data: unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() },
302                 irq_guard: None,
303             });
304         } else {
305             return None;
306         }
307     }
308 
309     #[allow(dead_code)]
310     #[inline]
311     /// @brief 获得UPGRADER守卫
312     pub fn upgradeable_read(&self) -> RwLockUpgradableGuard<T> {
313         loop {
314             match self.try_upgradeable_read() {
315                 Some(guard) => return guard,
316                 None => spin_loop(),
317             }
318         }
319     }
320 
321     #[inline]
322     /// @brief 获得UPGRADER守卫
323     pub fn upgradeable_read_irqsave(&self) -> RwLockUpgradableGuard<T> {
324         loop {
325             let irq_guard = unsafe { CurrentIrqArch::save_and_disable_irq() };
326             match self.try_upgradeable_read() {
327                 Some(mut guard) => {
328                     guard.irq_guard = Some(irq_guard);
329                     return guard;
330                 }
331                 None => spin_loop(),
332             }
333         }
334     }
335 
336     #[allow(dead_code)]
337     #[inline]
338     //extremely unsafe behavior
339     /// @brief 强制减少READER数
340     pub unsafe fn force_read_decrement(&self) {
341         debug_assert!(self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !WRITER > 0);
342         self.lock.fetch_sub(READER, Ordering::Release);
343     }
344 
345     #[allow(dead_code)]
346     #[inline]
347     //extremely unsafe behavior
348     /// @brief 强制给WRITER解锁
349     pub unsafe fn force_write_unlock(&self) {
350         debug_assert_eq!(self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !(WRITER | UPGRADED), 0);
351         self.lock.fetch_and(!(WRITER | UPGRADED), Ordering::Release);
352     }
353 
354     #[allow(dead_code)]
355     pub unsafe fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
356         unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() }
357     }
358 }
359 
360 impl<T: Default> Default for RwLock<T> {
361     fn default() -> Self {
362         Self::new(Default::default())
363     }
364 }
365 
366 /// @brief 由原有的值创建新的锁
367 impl<T> From<T> for RwLock<T> {
368     fn from(data: T) -> Self {
369         return Self::new(data);
370     }
371 }
372 
373 impl<'rwlock, T> RwLockReadGuard<'rwlock, T> {
374     /// @brief 释放守卫,获得保护的值的不可变引用
375     ///
376     /// ## Safety
377     ///
378     /// 由于这样做可能导致守卫在另一个线程中被释放,从而导致pcb的preempt count不正确,
379     /// 因此必须小心的手动维护好preempt count。
380     ///
381     /// 并且,leak还可能导致锁的状态不正确。因此请仔细考虑是否真的需要使用这个函数。
382     #[allow(dead_code)]
383     #[inline]
384     pub unsafe fn leak(this: Self) -> &'rwlock T {
385         let this = ManuallyDrop::new(this);
386         return unsafe { &*this.data };
387     }
388 }
389 
390 impl<'rwlock, T> RwLockUpgradableGuard<'rwlock, T> {
391     #[allow(dead_code)]
392     #[inline]
393     /// @brief 尝试将UPGRADER守卫升级为WRITER守卫
394     pub fn try_upgrade(mut self) -> Result<RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T>, Self> {
395         let res = self.inner.lock.compare_exchange(
396             UPGRADED,
397             WRITER,
398             Ordering::Acquire,
399             Ordering::Relaxed,
400         );
401         //当且仅当只有UPGRADED守卫时可以升级
402 
403         if res.is_ok() {
404             let inner = self.inner;
405             let irq_guard = self.irq_guard.take();
406             mem::forget(self);
407 
408             Ok(RwLockWriteGuard {
409                 data: unsafe { &mut *inner.data.get() },
410                 inner,
411                 irq_guard,
412             })
413         } else {
414             Err(self)
415         }
416     }
417 
418     #[allow(dead_code)]
419     #[inline]
420     /// @brief 将upgrader升级成writer
421     pub fn upgrade(mut self) -> RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T> {
422         loop {
423             self = match self.try_upgrade() {
424                 Ok(writeguard) => return writeguard,
425                 Err(former) => former,
426             };
427 
428             spin_loop();
429         }
430     }
431 
432     #[allow(dead_code)]
433     #[inline]
434     /// @brief UPGRADER降级为READER
435     pub fn downgrade(mut self) -> RwLockReadGuard<'rwlock, T> {
436         while self.inner.current_reader().is_err() {
437             spin_loop();
438         }
439 
440         let inner: &RwLock<T> = self.inner;
441         let irq_guard = self.irq_guard.take();
442         // 自动移去UPGRADED比特位
443         mem::drop(self);
444 
445         RwLockReadGuard {
446             data: unsafe { &*inner.data.get() },
447             lock: &inner.lock,
448             irq_guard,
449         }
450     }
451 
452     #[allow(dead_code)]
453     #[inline]
454     /// @brief 返回内部数据的引用,消除守卫
455     ///
456     /// ## Safety
457     ///
458     /// 由于这样做可能导致守卫在另一个线程中被释放,从而导致pcb的preempt count不正确,
459     /// 因此必须小心的手动维护好preempt count。
460     ///
461     /// 并且,leak还可能导致锁的状态不正确。因此请仔细考虑是否真的需要使用这个函数。
462     pub unsafe fn leak(this: Self) -> &'rwlock T {
463         let this: ManuallyDrop<RwLockUpgradableGuard<'_, T>> = ManuallyDrop::new(this);
464 
465         unsafe { &*this.data }
466     }
467 }
468 
469 impl<'rwlock, T> RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T> {
470     #[allow(dead_code)]
471     #[inline]
472     /// @brief 返回内部数据的引用,消除守卫
473     ///
474     /// ## Safety
475     ///
476     /// 由于这样做可能导致守卫在另一个线程中被释放,从而导致pcb的preempt count不正确,
477     /// 因此必须小心的手动维护好preempt count。
478     ///
479     /// 并且,leak还可能导致锁的状态不正确。因此请仔细考虑是否真的需要使用这个函数。
480     pub unsafe fn leak(this: Self) -> &'rwlock T {
481         let this = ManuallyDrop::new(this);
482 
483         return unsafe { &*this.data };
484     }
485 
486     #[allow(dead_code)]
487     #[inline]
488     /// @brief 将WRITER降级为READER
489     pub fn downgrade(mut self) -> RwLockReadGuard<'rwlock, T> {
490         while self.inner.current_reader().is_err() {
491             spin_loop();
492         }
493         //本质上来说绝对保证没有任何读者
494 
495         let inner = self.inner;
496         let irq_guard = self.irq_guard.take();
497         mem::drop(self);
498 
499         return RwLockReadGuard {
500             data: unsafe { &*inner.data.get() },
501             lock: &inner.lock,
502             irq_guard,
503         };
504     }
505 
506     #[allow(dead_code)]
507     #[inline]
508     /// @brief 将WRITER降级为UPGRADER
509     pub fn downgrade_to_upgradeable(mut self) -> RwLockUpgradableGuard<'rwlock, T> {
510         debug_assert_eq!(
511             self.inner.lock.load(Ordering::Acquire) & (WRITER | UPGRADED),
512             WRITER
513         );
514 
515         self.inner.lock.store(UPGRADED, Ordering::Release);
516 
517         let inner = self.inner;
518 
519         let irq_guard = self.irq_guard.take();
520         mem::forget(self);
521 
522         return RwLockUpgradableGuard {
523             inner,
524             data: unsafe { &*inner.data.get() },
525             irq_guard,
526         };
527     }
528 }
529 
530 impl<'rwlock, T> Deref for RwLockReadGuard<'rwlock, T> {
531     type Target = T;
532 
533     fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
534         return unsafe { &*self.data };
535     }
536 }
537 
538 impl<'rwlock, T> Deref for RwLockUpgradableGuard<'rwlock, T> {
539     type Target = T;
540 
541     fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
542         return unsafe { &*self.data };
543     }
544 }
545 
546 impl<'rwlock, T> Deref for RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T> {
547     type Target = T;
548 
549     fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
550         return unsafe { &*self.data };
551     }
552 }
553 
554 impl<'rwlock, T> DerefMut for RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T> {
555     fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
556         return unsafe { &mut *self.data };
557     }
558 }
559 
560 impl<'rwlock, T> Drop for RwLockReadGuard<'rwlock, T> {
561     fn drop(&mut self) {
562         debug_assert!(self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !(WRITER | UPGRADED) > 0);
563         self.lock.fetch_sub(READER, Ordering::Release);
564         ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
565     }
566 }
567 
568 impl<'rwlock, T> Drop for RwLockUpgradableGuard<'rwlock, T> {
569     fn drop(&mut self) {
570         debug_assert_eq!(
571             self.inner.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & (WRITER | UPGRADED),
572             UPGRADED
573         );
574         self.inner.lock.fetch_sub(UPGRADED, Ordering::AcqRel);
575         ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
576         //这里为啥要AcqRel? Release应该就行了?
577     }
578 }
579 
580 impl<'rwlock, T> Drop for RwLockWriteGuard<'rwlock, T> {
581     fn drop(&mut self) {
582         debug_assert_eq!(self.inner.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed) & WRITER, WRITER);
583         self.inner
584             .lock
585             .fetch_and(!(WRITER | UPGRADED), Ordering::Release);
586         self.irq_guard.take();
587         ProcessManager::preempt_enable();
588     }
589 }
590