1 /******************************************************************************
2  * grant_table.h
3  *
4  * Interface for granting foreign access to page frames, and receiving
5  * page-ownership transfers.
6  *
7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
9  * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
10  * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
11  * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13  *
14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16  *
17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
20  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
22  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
23  * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
24  *
25  * Copyright (c) 2004, K A Fraser
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
29 #define __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
30 
31 #include <xen/interface/xen.h>
32 
33 /***********************************
34  * GRANT TABLE REPRESENTATION
35  */
36 
37 /* Some rough guidelines on accessing and updating grant-table entries
38  * in a concurrency-safe manner. For more information, Linux contains a
39  * reference implementation for guest OSes (arch/xen/kernel/grant_table.c).
40  *
41  * NB. WMB is a no-op on current-generation x86 processors. However, a
42  *     compiler barrier will still be required.
43  *
44  * Introducing a valid entry into the grant table:
45  *  1. Write ent->domid.
46  *  2. Write ent->frame:
47  *      GTF_permit_access:   Frame to which access is permitted.
48  *      GTF_accept_transfer: Pseudo-phys frame slot being filled by new
49  *                           frame, or zero if none.
50  *  3. Write memory barrier (WMB).
51  *  4. Write ent->flags, inc. valid type.
52  *
53  * Invalidating an unused GTF_permit_access entry:
54  *  1. flags = ent->flags.
55  *  2. Observe that !(flags & (GTF_reading|GTF_writing)).
56  *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
57  *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
58  *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
59  *
60  * Invalidating an in-use GTF_permit_access entry:
61  *  This cannot be done directly. Request assistance from the domain controller
62  *  which can set a timeout on the use of a grant entry and take necessary
63  *  action. (NB. This is not yet implemented!).
64  *
65  * Invalidating an unused GTF_accept_transfer entry:
66  *  1. flags = ent->flags.
67  *  2. Observe that !(flags & GTF_transfer_committed). [*]
68  *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
69  *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
70  *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
71  *  [*] If GTF_transfer_committed is set then the grant entry is 'committed'.
72  *      The guest must /not/ modify the grant entry until the address of the
73  *      transferred frame is written. It is safe for the guest to spin waiting
74  *      for this to occur (detect by observing GTF_transfer_completed in
75  *      ent->flags).
76  *
77  * Invalidating a committed GTF_accept_transfer entry:
78  *  1. Wait for (ent->flags & GTF_transfer_completed).
79  *
80  * Changing a GTF_permit_access from writable to read-only:
81  *  Use SMP-safe CMPXCHG to set GTF_readonly, while checking !GTF_writing.
82  *
83  * Changing a GTF_permit_access from read-only to writable:
84  *  Use SMP-safe bit-setting instruction.
85  */
86 
87 /*
88  * A grant table comprises a packed array of grant entries in one or more
89  * page frames shared between Xen and a guest.
90  * [XEN]: This field is written by Xen and read by the sharing guest.
91  * [GST]: This field is written by the guest and read by Xen.
92  */
93 struct grant_entry {
94     /* GTF_xxx: various type and flag information.  [XEN,GST] */
95     uint16_t flags;
96     /* The domain being granted foreign privileges. [GST] */
97     domid_t  domid;
98     /*
99      * GTF_permit_access: Frame that @domid is allowed to map and access. [GST]
100      * GTF_accept_transfer: Frame whose ownership transferred by @domid. [XEN]
101      */
102     uint32_t frame;
103 };
104 
105 /*
106  * Type of grant entry.
107  *  GTF_invalid: This grant entry grants no privileges.
108  *  GTF_permit_access: Allow @domid to map/access @frame.
109  *  GTF_accept_transfer: Allow @domid to transfer ownership of one page frame
110  *                       to this guest. Xen writes the page number to @frame.
111  */
112 #define GTF_invalid         (0U<<0)
113 #define GTF_permit_access   (1U<<0)
114 #define GTF_accept_transfer (2U<<0)
115 #define GTF_type_mask       (3U<<0)
116 
117 /*
118  * Subflags for GTF_permit_access.
119  *  GTF_readonly: Restrict @domid to read-only mappings and accesses. [GST]
120  *  GTF_reading: Grant entry is currently mapped for reading by @domid. [XEN]
121  *  GTF_writing: Grant entry is currently mapped for writing by @domid. [XEN]
122  */
123 #define _GTF_readonly       (2)
124 #define GTF_readonly        (1U<<_GTF_readonly)
125 #define _GTF_reading        (3)
126 #define GTF_reading         (1U<<_GTF_reading)
127 #define _GTF_writing        (4)
128 #define GTF_writing         (1U<<_GTF_writing)
129 
130 /*
131  * Subflags for GTF_accept_transfer:
132  *  GTF_transfer_committed: Xen sets this flag to indicate that it is committed
133  *      to transferring ownership of a page frame. When a guest sees this flag
134  *      it must /not/ modify the grant entry until GTF_transfer_completed is
135  *      set by Xen.
136  *  GTF_transfer_completed: It is safe for the guest to spin-wait on this flag
137  *      after reading GTF_transfer_committed. Xen will always write the frame
138  *      address, followed by ORing this flag, in a timely manner.
139  */
140 #define _GTF_transfer_committed (2)
141 #define GTF_transfer_committed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_committed)
142 #define _GTF_transfer_completed (3)
143 #define GTF_transfer_completed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_completed)
144 
145 
146 /***********************************
147  * GRANT TABLE QUERIES AND USES
148  */
149 
150 /*
151  * Reference to a grant entry in a specified domain's grant table.
152  */
153 typedef uint32_t grant_ref_t;
154 
155 /*
156  * Handle to track a mapping created via a grant reference.
157  */
158 typedef uint32_t grant_handle_t;
159 
160 /*
161  * GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref: Map the grant entry (<dom>,<ref>) for access
162  * by devices and/or host CPUs. If successful, <handle> is a tracking number
163  * that must be presented later to destroy the mapping(s). On error, <handle>
164  * is a negative status code.
165  * NOTES:
166  *  1. If GNTMAP_device_map is specified then <dev_bus_addr> is the address
167  *     via which I/O devices may access the granted frame.
168  *  2. If GNTMAP_host_map is specified then a mapping will be added at
169  *     either a host virtual address in the current address space, or at
170  *     a PTE at the specified machine address.  The type of mapping to
171  *     perform is selected through the GNTMAP_contains_pte flag, and the
172  *     address is specified in <host_addr>.
173  *  3. Mappings should only be destroyed via GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref. If a
174  *     host mapping is destroyed by other means then it is *NOT* guaranteed
175  *     to be accounted to the correct grant reference!
176  */
177 #define GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref        0
178 struct gnttab_map_grant_ref {
179     /* IN parameters. */
180     uint64_t host_addr;
181     uint32_t flags;               /* GNTMAP_* */
182     grant_ref_t ref;
183     domid_t  dom;
184     /* OUT parameters. */
185     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
186     grant_handle_t handle;
187     uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
188 };
189 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_map_grant_ref);
190 
191 /*
192  * GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref: Destroy one or more grant-reference mappings
193  * tracked by <handle>. If <host_addr> or <dev_bus_addr> is zero, that
194  * field is ignored. If non-zero, they must refer to a device/host mapping
195  * that is tracked by <handle>
196  * NOTES:
197  *  1. The call may fail in an undefined manner if either mapping is not
198  *     tracked by <handle>.
199  *  3. After executing a batch of unmaps, it is guaranteed that no stale
200  *     mappings will remain in the device or host TLBs.
201  */
202 #define GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref      1
203 struct gnttab_unmap_grant_ref {
204     /* IN parameters. */
205     uint64_t host_addr;
206     uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
207     grant_handle_t handle;
208     /* OUT parameters. */
209     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
210 };
211 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_unmap_grant_ref);
212 
213 /*
214  * GNTTABOP_setup_table: Set up a grant table for <dom> comprising at least
215  * <nr_frames> pages. The frame addresses are written to the <frame_list>.
216  * Only <nr_frames> addresses are written, even if the table is larger.
217  * NOTES:
218  *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
219  *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
220  *  3. Xen may not support more than a single grant-table page per domain.
221  */
222 #define GNTTABOP_setup_table          2
223 struct gnttab_setup_table {
224     /* IN parameters. */
225     domid_t  dom;
226     uint32_t nr_frames;
227     /* OUT parameters. */
228     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
229     GUEST_HANDLE(ulong) frame_list;
230 };
231 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_setup_table);
232 
233 /*
234  * GNTTABOP_dump_table: Dump the contents of the grant table to the
235  * xen console. Debugging use only.
236  */
237 #define GNTTABOP_dump_table           3
238 struct gnttab_dump_table {
239     /* IN parameters. */
240     domid_t dom;
241     /* OUT parameters. */
242     int16_t status;               /* GNTST_* */
243 };
244 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_dump_table);
245 
246 /*
247  * GNTTABOP_transfer_grant_ref: Transfer <frame> to a foreign domain. The
248  * foreign domain has previously registered its interest in the transfer via
249  * <domid, ref>.
250  *
251  * Note that, even if the transfer fails, the specified page no longer belongs
252  * to the calling domain *unless* the error is GNTST_bad_page.
253  */
254 #define GNTTABOP_transfer                4
255 struct gnttab_transfer {
256     /* IN parameters. */
257     unsigned long mfn;
258     domid_t       domid;
259     grant_ref_t   ref;
260     /* OUT parameters. */
261     int16_t       status;
262 };
263 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_transfer);
264 
265 /*
266  * GNTTABOP_copy: Hypervisor based copy
267  * source and destinations can be eithers MFNs or, for foreign domains,
268  * grant references. the foreign domain has to grant read/write access
269  * in its grant table.
270  *
271  * The flags specify what type source and destinations are (either MFN
272  * or grant reference).
273  *
274  * Note that this can also be used to copy data between two domains
275  * via a third party if the source and destination domains had previously
276  * grant appropriate access to their pages to the third party.
277  *
278  * source_offset specifies an offset in the source frame, dest_offset
279  * the offset in the target frame and  len specifies the number of
280  * bytes to be copied.
281  */
282 
283 #define _GNTCOPY_source_gref      (0)
284 #define GNTCOPY_source_gref       (1<<_GNTCOPY_source_gref)
285 #define _GNTCOPY_dest_gref        (1)
286 #define GNTCOPY_dest_gref         (1<<_GNTCOPY_dest_gref)
287 
288 #define GNTTABOP_copy                 5
289 struct gnttab_copy {
290 	/* IN parameters. */
291 	struct {
292 		union {
293 			grant_ref_t ref;
294 			unsigned long   gmfn;
295 		} u;
296 		domid_t  domid;
297 		uint16_t offset;
298 	} source, dest;
299 	uint16_t      len;
300 	uint16_t      flags;          /* GNTCOPY_* */
301 	/* OUT parameters. */
302 	int16_t       status;
303 };
304 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_copy);
305 
306 /*
307  * GNTTABOP_query_size: Query the current and maximum sizes of the shared
308  * grant table.
309  * NOTES:
310  *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
311  *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
312  */
313 #define GNTTABOP_query_size           6
314 struct gnttab_query_size {
315     /* IN parameters. */
316     domid_t  dom;
317     /* OUT parameters. */
318     uint32_t nr_frames;
319     uint32_t max_nr_frames;
320     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
321 };
322 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_query_size);
323 
324 /*
325  * Bitfield values for update_pin_status.flags.
326  */
327  /* Map the grant entry for access by I/O devices. */
328 #define _GNTMAP_device_map      (0)
329 #define GNTMAP_device_map       (1<<_GNTMAP_device_map)
330  /* Map the grant entry for access by host CPUs. */
331 #define _GNTMAP_host_map        (1)
332 #define GNTMAP_host_map         (1<<_GNTMAP_host_map)
333  /* Accesses to the granted frame will be restricted to read-only access. */
334 #define _GNTMAP_readonly        (2)
335 #define GNTMAP_readonly         (1<<_GNTMAP_readonly)
336  /*
337   * GNTMAP_host_map subflag:
338   *  0 => The host mapping is usable only by the guest OS.
339   *  1 => The host mapping is usable by guest OS + current application.
340   */
341 #define _GNTMAP_application_map (3)
342 #define GNTMAP_application_map  (1<<_GNTMAP_application_map)
343 
344  /*
345   * GNTMAP_contains_pte subflag:
346   *  0 => This map request contains a host virtual address.
347   *  1 => This map request contains the machine addess of the PTE to update.
348   */
349 #define _GNTMAP_contains_pte    (4)
350 #define GNTMAP_contains_pte     (1<<_GNTMAP_contains_pte)
351 
352 /*
353  * Values for error status returns. All errors are -ve.
354  */
355 #define GNTST_okay             (0)  /* Normal return.                        */
356 #define GNTST_general_error    (-1) /* General undefined error.              */
357 #define GNTST_bad_domain       (-2) /* Unrecognsed domain id.                */
358 #define GNTST_bad_gntref       (-3) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate gntref. */
359 #define GNTST_bad_handle       (-4) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate handle. */
360 #define GNTST_bad_virt_addr    (-5) /* Inappropriate virtual address to map. */
361 #define GNTST_bad_dev_addr     (-6) /* Inappropriate device address to unmap.*/
362 #define GNTST_no_device_space  (-7) /* Out of space in I/O MMU.              */
363 #define GNTST_permission_denied (-8) /* Not enough privilege for operation.  */
364 #define GNTST_bad_page         (-9) /* Specified page was invalid for op.    */
365 #define GNTST_bad_copy_arg    (-10) /* copy arguments cross page boundary */
366 
367 #define GNTTABOP_error_msgs {                   \
368     "okay",                                     \
369     "undefined error",                          \
370     "unrecognised domain id",                   \
371     "invalid grant reference",                  \
372     "invalid mapping handle",                   \
373     "invalid virtual address",                  \
374     "invalid device address",                   \
375     "no spare translation slot in the I/O MMU", \
376     "permission denied",                        \
377     "bad page",                                 \
378     "copy arguments cross page boundary"        \
379 }
380 
381 #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__ */
382