1 /*
2  * volume_id - reads filesystem label and uuid
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2012 S-G Bergh <sgb@systemasis.org>
5  *
6  *	This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  *	modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  *	License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  *	version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *	This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14  *	Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *	You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  *	License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
18  *	Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
19  */
20 //config:config FEATURE_VOLUMEID_EXFAT
21 //config:	bool "exFAT filesystem"
22 //config:	default y
23 //config:	depends on VOLUMEID
24 //config:	help
25 //config:	exFAT (extended FAT) is a proprietary file system designed especially
26 //config:	for flash drives. It has many features from NTFS, but with less
27 //config:	overhead. exFAT is used on most SDXC cards for consumer electronics.
28 
29 //kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_EXFAT) += exfat.o
30 
31 #include "volume_id_internal.h"
32 
33 #define EXFAT_SB_OFFSET		0
34 #define EXFAT_DIR_ENTRY_SZ	32
35 #define EXFAT_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES	100
36 
37 struct exfat_super_block {
38 /* 0x00 */	uint8_t		boot_jump[3];
39 /* 0x03 */	uint8_t		fs_name[8];
40 /* 0x0B */	uint8_t		must_be_zero[53];
41 /* 0x40 */	uint64_t	partition_offset;
42 /* 0x48 */	uint64_t	volume_length;
43 /* 0x50 */	uint32_t	fat_offset;		// Sector address of 1st FAT
44 /* 0x54 */	uint32_t	fat_size;		// In sectors
45 /* 0x58 */	uint32_t	cluster_heap_offset;	// Sector address of Data Region
46 /* 0x5C */	uint32_t	cluster_count;
47 /* 0x60 */	uint32_t	root_dir;		// Cluster address of Root Directory
48 /* 0x64 */	uint8_t		vol_serial_nr[4];	// Volume ID
49 /* 0x68 */	uint16_t	fs_revision;		// VV.MM
50 /* 0x6A */	uint16_t	vol_flags;
51 /* 0x6C */	uint8_t		bytes_per_sector;	// Power of 2: 9 => 512, 12 => 4096
52 /* 0x6D */	uint8_t		sectors_per_cluster;	// Power of 2
53 /* 0x6E */	uint8_t		nr_of_fats;		// 2 for TexFAT
54 /* 0x6F */	// ...
55 } PACKED;
56 
57 struct exfat_dir_entry {
58 /* 0x00 */	uint8_t		entry_type;
59 		union {
60 			struct volume_label {
61 /* 0x01 */			uint8_t		char_count;		// Length of label
62 /* 0x02 */			uint16_t	vol_label[11];		// UTF16 string without null termination
63 /* 0x18 */			uint8_t		reserved[8];
64 /* 0x20 */		} PACKED label;
65 			struct volume_guid {
66 /* 0x01 */			uint8_t		sec_count;
67 /* 0x02 */			uint16_t	set_checksum;
68 /* 0x04 */			uint16_t	flags;
69 /* 0x06 */			uint8_t		vol_guid[16];
70 /* 0x16 */			uint8_t		reserved[10];
71 /* 0x20 */		} PACKED guid;
72 		} PACKED type;
73 } PACKED;
74 
volume_id_probe_exfat(struct volume_id * id)75 int FAST_FUNC volume_id_probe_exfat(struct volume_id *id /*,uint64_t off*/)
76 {
77 	struct exfat_super_block *sb;
78 	struct exfat_dir_entry *de;
79 	unsigned	sector_sz;
80 	unsigned	cluster_sz;
81 	uint64_t	root_dir_off;
82 	unsigned	count;
83 	unsigned	need_lbl_guid;
84 
85 	// Primary super block
86 	dbg("exFAT: probing at offset 0x%x", EXFAT_SB_OFFSET);
87 	sb = volume_id_get_buffer(id, EXFAT_SB_OFFSET, sizeof(*sb));
88 
89 	if (!sb)
90 		return -1;
91 
92 	if (memcmp(sb->fs_name, "EXFAT   ", 8) != 0)
93 		return -1;
94 
95 	sector_sz = 1 << sb->bytes_per_sector;
96 	cluster_sz = sector_sz << sb->sectors_per_cluster;
97 	// There are no clusters 0 and 1, so the first cluster is 2.
98 	root_dir_off = (uint64_t)EXFAT_SB_OFFSET +
99 		// Hmm... should we cast sector_sz/cluster_sz to uint64_t?
100 		(le32_to_cpu(sb->cluster_heap_offset)) * sector_sz +
101 		(le32_to_cpu(sb->root_dir) - 2) * cluster_sz;
102 	dbg("exFAT: sector size 0x%x bytes", sector_sz);
103 	dbg("exFAT: cluster size 0x%x bytes", cluster_sz);
104 	dbg("exFAT: root dir is at 0x%llx", (long long)root_dir_off);
105 
106 	// Use DOS uuid as fallback, if no GUID set
107 	volume_id_set_uuid(id, sb->vol_serial_nr, UUID_DOS);
108 
109 	// EXFAT_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES is used as a safety belt.
110 	// The Root Directory may hold an unlimited number of entries,
111 	// so we do not want to check all. Usually label and GUID
112 	// are in the beginning, but there are no guarantees.
113 	need_lbl_guid = (1 << 0) | (1 << 1);
114 	for (count = 0; count < EXFAT_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES; count++) {
115 		de = volume_id_get_buffer(id, root_dir_off + (count * EXFAT_DIR_ENTRY_SZ), EXFAT_DIR_ENTRY_SZ);
116 		if (de == NULL)
117 			break;
118 		if (de->entry_type == 0x00) {
119 			// End of Directory Marker
120 			dbg("exFAT: End of root directory reached after %u entries", count);
121 			break;
122 		}
123 		if (de->entry_type == 0x83) {
124 			// Volume Label Directory Entry
125 			volume_id_set_label_unicode16(id, (uint8_t *)de->type.label.vol_label,
126 						LE, 2 * de->type.label.char_count);
127 			need_lbl_guid &= ~(1 << 0);
128 		}
129 		if (de->entry_type == 0xA0) {
130 			// Volume GUID Directory Entry
131 			volume_id_set_uuid(id, de->type.guid.vol_guid, UUID_DCE);
132 			need_lbl_guid &= ~(1 << 1);
133 		}
134 		if (!need_lbl_guid)
135 			break;
136 	}
137 
138 	IF_FEATURE_BLKID_TYPE(id->type = "exfat";)
139 	return 0;
140 }
141