1 /*
2  * composite.h -- framework for usb gadgets which are composite devices
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 David Brownell
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9  * (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
19  */
20 
21 #ifndef	__LINUX_USB_COMPOSITE_H
22 #define	__LINUX_USB_COMPOSITE_H
23 
24 /*
25  * This framework is an optional layer on top of the USB Gadget interface,
26  * making it easier to build (a) Composite devices, supporting multiple
27  * functions within any single configuration, and (b) Multi-configuration
28  * devices, also supporting multiple functions but without necessarily
29  * having more than one function per configuration.
30  *
31  * Example:  a device with a single configuration supporting both network
32  * link and mass storage functions is a composite device.  Those functions
33  * might alternatively be packaged in individual configurations, but in
34  * the composite model the host can use both functions at the same time.
35  */
36 
37 #include <linux/usb/ch9.h>
38 #include <linux/usb/gadget.h>
39 
40 /*
41  * USB function drivers should return USB_GADGET_DELAYED_STATUS if they
42  * wish to delay the data/status stages of the control transfer till they
43  * are ready. The control transfer will then be kept from completing till
44  * all the function drivers that requested for USB_GADGET_DELAYED_STAUS
45  * invoke usb_composite_setup_continue().
46  */
47 #define USB_GADGET_DELAYED_STATUS       0x7fff	/* Impossibly large value */
48 
49 struct usb_configuration;
50 
51 /**
52  * struct usb_function - describes one function of a configuration
53  * @name: For diagnostics, identifies the function.
54  * @strings: tables of strings, keyed by identifiers assigned during bind()
55  *	and by language IDs provided in control requests
56  * @descriptors: Table of full (or low) speed descriptors, using interface and
57  *	string identifiers assigned during @bind().  If this pointer is null,
58  *	the function will not be available at full speed (or at low speed).
59  * @hs_descriptors: Table of high speed descriptors, using interface and
60  *	string identifiers assigned during @bind().  If this pointer is null,
61  *	the function will not be available at high speed.
62  * @ss_descriptors: Table of super speed descriptors, using interface and
63  *	string identifiers assigned during @bind(). If this
64  *	pointer is null after initiation, the function will not
65  *	be available at super speed.
66  * @config: assigned when @usb_add_function() is called; this is the
67  *	configuration with which this function is associated.
68  * @bind: Before the gadget can register, all of its functions bind() to the
69  *	available resources including string and interface identifiers used
70  *	in interface or class descriptors; endpoints; I/O buffers; and so on.
71  * @unbind: Reverses @bind; called as a side effect of unregistering the
72  *	driver which added this function.
73  * @set_alt: (REQUIRED) Reconfigures altsettings; function drivers may
74  *	initialize usb_ep.driver data at this time (when it is used).
75  *	Note that setting an interface to its current altsetting resets
76  *	interface state, and that all interfaces have a disabled state.
77  * @get_alt: Returns the active altsetting.  If this is not provided,
78  *	then only altsetting zero is supported.
79  * @disable: (REQUIRED) Indicates the function should be disabled.  Reasons
80  *	include host resetting or reconfiguring the gadget, and disconnection.
81  * @setup: Used for interface-specific control requests.
82  * @suspend: Notifies functions when the host stops sending USB traffic.
83  * @resume: Notifies functions when the host restarts USB traffic.
84  * @get_status: Returns function status as a reply to
85  *	GetStatus() request when the recepient is Interface.
86  * @func_suspend: callback to be called when
87  *	SetFeature(FUNCTION_SUSPEND) is reseived
88  *
89  * A single USB function uses one or more interfaces, and should in most
90  * cases support operation at both full and high speeds.  Each function is
91  * associated by @usb_add_function() with a one configuration; that function
92  * causes @bind() to be called so resources can be allocated as part of
93  * setting up a gadget driver.  Those resources include endpoints, which
94  * should be allocated using @usb_ep_autoconfig().
95  *
96  * To support dual speed operation, a function driver provides descriptors
97  * for both high and full speed operation.  Except in rare cases that don't
98  * involve bulk endpoints, each speed needs different endpoint descriptors.
99  *
100  * Function drivers choose their own strategies for managing instance data.
101  * The simplest strategy just declares it "static', which means the function
102  * can only be activated once.  If the function needs to be exposed in more
103  * than one configuration at a given speed, it needs to support multiple
104  * usb_function structures (one for each configuration).
105  *
106  * A more complex strategy might encapsulate a @usb_function structure inside
107  * a driver-specific instance structure to allows multiple activations.  An
108  * example of multiple activations might be a CDC ACM function that supports
109  * two or more distinct instances within the same configuration, providing
110  * several independent logical data links to a USB host.
111  */
112 struct usb_function {
113 	const char			*name;
114 	struct usb_gadget_strings	**strings;
115 	struct usb_descriptor_header	**descriptors;
116 	struct usb_descriptor_header	**hs_descriptors;
117 	struct usb_descriptor_header	**ss_descriptors;
118 
119 	struct usb_configuration	*config;
120 
121 	/* REVISIT:  bind() functions can be marked __init, which
122 	 * makes trouble for section mismatch analysis.  See if
123 	 * we can't restructure things to avoid mismatching.
124 	 * Related:  unbind() may kfree() but bind() won't...
125 	 */
126 
127 	/* configuration management:  bind/unbind */
128 	int			(*bind)(struct usb_configuration *,
129 					struct usb_function *);
130 	void			(*unbind)(struct usb_configuration *,
131 					struct usb_function *);
132 
133 	/* runtime state management */
134 	int			(*set_alt)(struct usb_function *,
135 					unsigned interface, unsigned alt);
136 	int			(*get_alt)(struct usb_function *,
137 					unsigned interface);
138 	void			(*disable)(struct usb_function *);
139 	int			(*setup)(struct usb_function *,
140 					const struct usb_ctrlrequest *);
141 	void			(*suspend)(struct usb_function *);
142 	void			(*resume)(struct usb_function *);
143 
144 	/* USB 3.0 additions */
145 	int			(*get_status)(struct usb_function *);
146 	int			(*func_suspend)(struct usb_function *,
147 						u8 suspend_opt);
148 	/* private: */
149 	/* internals */
150 	struct list_head		list;
151 	DECLARE_BITMAP(endpoints, 32);
152 };
153 
154 int usb_add_function(struct usb_configuration *, struct usb_function *);
155 
156 int usb_function_deactivate(struct usb_function *);
157 int usb_function_activate(struct usb_function *);
158 
159 int usb_interface_id(struct usb_configuration *, struct usb_function *);
160 
161 int config_ep_by_speed(struct usb_gadget *g, struct usb_function *f,
162 			struct usb_ep *_ep);
163 
164 #define	MAX_CONFIG_INTERFACES		16	/* arbitrary; max 255 */
165 
166 /**
167  * struct usb_configuration - represents one gadget configuration
168  * @label: For diagnostics, describes the configuration.
169  * @strings: Tables of strings, keyed by identifiers assigned during @bind()
170  *	and by language IDs provided in control requests.
171  * @descriptors: Table of descriptors preceding all function descriptors.
172  *	Examples include OTG and vendor-specific descriptors.
173  * @unbind: Reverses @bind; called as a side effect of unregistering the
174  *	driver which added this configuration.
175  * @setup: Used to delegate control requests that aren't handled by standard
176  *	device infrastructure or directed at a specific interface.
177  * @bConfigurationValue: Copied into configuration descriptor.
178  * @iConfiguration: Copied into configuration descriptor.
179  * @bmAttributes: Copied into configuration descriptor.
180  * @bMaxPower: Copied into configuration descriptor.
181  * @cdev: assigned by @usb_add_config() before calling @bind(); this is
182  *	the device associated with this configuration.
183  *
184  * Configurations are building blocks for gadget drivers structured around
185  * function drivers.  Simple USB gadgets require only one function and one
186  * configuration, and handle dual-speed hardware by always providing the same
187  * functionality.  Slightly more complex gadgets may have more than one
188  * single-function configuration at a given speed; or have configurations
189  * that only work at one speed.
190  *
191  * Composite devices are, by definition, ones with configurations which
192  * include more than one function.
193  *
194  * The lifecycle of a usb_configuration includes allocation, initialization
195  * of the fields described above, and calling @usb_add_config() to set up
196  * internal data and bind it to a specific device.  The configuration's
197  * @bind() method is then used to initialize all the functions and then
198  * call @usb_add_function() for them.
199  *
200  * Those functions would normally be independent of each other, but that's
201  * not mandatory.  CDC WMC devices are an example where functions often
202  * depend on other functions, with some functions subsidiary to others.
203  * Such interdependency may be managed in any way, so long as all of the
204  * descriptors complete by the time the composite driver returns from
205  * its bind() routine.
206  */
207 struct usb_configuration {
208 	const char			*label;
209 	struct usb_gadget_strings	**strings;
210 	const struct usb_descriptor_header **descriptors;
211 
212 	/* REVISIT:  bind() functions can be marked __init, which
213 	 * makes trouble for section mismatch analysis.  See if
214 	 * we can't restructure things to avoid mismatching...
215 	 */
216 
217 	/* configuration management: unbind/setup */
218 	void			(*unbind)(struct usb_configuration *);
219 	int			(*setup)(struct usb_configuration *,
220 					const struct usb_ctrlrequest *);
221 
222 	/* fields in the config descriptor */
223 	u8			bConfigurationValue;
224 	u8			iConfiguration;
225 	u8			bmAttributes;
226 	u8			bMaxPower;
227 
228 	struct usb_composite_dev	*cdev;
229 
230 	/* private: */
231 	/* internals */
232 	struct list_head	list;
233 	struct list_head	functions;
234 	u8			next_interface_id;
235 	unsigned		superspeed:1;
236 	unsigned		highspeed:1;
237 	unsigned		fullspeed:1;
238 	struct usb_function	*interface[MAX_CONFIG_INTERFACES];
239 };
240 
241 int usb_add_config(struct usb_composite_dev *,
242 		struct usb_configuration *,
243 		int (*)(struct usb_configuration *));
244 
245 /**
246  * struct usb_composite_driver - groups configurations into a gadget
247  * @name: For diagnostics, identifies the driver.
248  * @iProduct: Used as iProduct override if @dev->iProduct is not set.
249  *	If NULL value of @name is taken.
250  * @iManufacturer: Used as iManufacturer override if @dev->iManufacturer is
251  *	not set. If NULL a default "<system> <release> with <udc>" value
252  *	will be used.
253  * @dev: Template descriptor for the device, including default device
254  *	identifiers.
255  * @strings: tables of strings, keyed by identifiers assigned during bind()
256  *	and language IDs provided in control requests
257  * @max_speed: Highest speed the driver supports.
258  * @needs_serial: set to 1 if the gadget needs userspace to provide
259  * 	a serial number.  If one is not provided, warning will be printed.
260  * @unbind: Reverses bind; called as a side effect of unregistering
261  *	this driver.
262  * @disconnect: optional driver disconnect method
263  * @suspend: Notifies when the host stops sending USB traffic,
264  *	after function notifications
265  * @resume: Notifies configuration when the host restarts USB traffic,
266  *	before function notifications
267  *
268  * Devices default to reporting self powered operation.  Devices which rely
269  * on bus powered operation should report this in their @bind() method.
270  *
271  * Before returning from bind, various fields in the template descriptor
272  * may be overridden.  These include the idVendor/idProduct/bcdDevice values
273  * normally to bind the appropriate host side driver, and the three strings
274  * (iManufacturer, iProduct, iSerialNumber) normally used to provide user
275  * meaningful device identifiers.  (The strings will not be defined unless
276  * they are defined in @dev and @strings.)  The correct ep0 maxpacket size
277  * is also reported, as defined by the underlying controller driver.
278  */
279 struct usb_composite_driver {
280 	const char				*name;
281 	const char				*iProduct;
282 	const char				*iManufacturer;
283 	const struct usb_device_descriptor	*dev;
284 	struct usb_gadget_strings		**strings;
285 	enum usb_device_speed			max_speed;
286 	unsigned		needs_serial:1;
287 
288 	int			(*unbind)(struct usb_composite_dev *);
289 
290 	void			(*disconnect)(struct usb_composite_dev *);
291 
292 	/* global suspend hooks */
293 	void			(*suspend)(struct usb_composite_dev *);
294 	void			(*resume)(struct usb_composite_dev *);
295 };
296 
297 extern int usb_composite_probe(struct usb_composite_driver *driver,
298 			       int (*bind)(struct usb_composite_dev *cdev));
299 extern void usb_composite_unregister(struct usb_composite_driver *driver);
300 extern void usb_composite_setup_continue(struct usb_composite_dev *cdev);
301 
302 
303 /**
304  * struct usb_composite_device - represents one composite usb gadget
305  * @gadget: read-only, abstracts the gadget's usb peripheral controller
306  * @req: used for control responses; buffer is pre-allocated
307  * @bufsiz: size of buffer pre-allocated in @req
308  * @config: the currently active configuration
309  *
310  * One of these devices is allocated and initialized before the
311  * associated device driver's bind() is called.
312  *
313  * OPEN ISSUE:  it appears that some WUSB devices will need to be
314  * built by combining a normal (wired) gadget with a wireless one.
315  * This revision of the gadget framework should probably try to make
316  * sure doing that won't hurt too much.
317  *
318  * One notion for how to handle Wireless USB devices involves:
319  * (a) a second gadget here, discovery mechanism TBD, but likely
320  *     needing separate "register/unregister WUSB gadget" calls;
321  * (b) updates to usb_gadget to include flags "is it wireless",
322  *     "is it wired", plus (presumably in a wrapper structure)
323  *     bandgroup and PHY info;
324  * (c) presumably a wireless_ep wrapping a usb_ep, and reporting
325  *     wireless-specific parameters like maxburst and maxsequence;
326  * (d) configurations that are specific to wireless links;
327  * (e) function drivers that understand wireless configs and will
328  *     support wireless for (additional) function instances;
329  * (f) a function to support association setup (like CBAF), not
330  *     necessarily requiring a wireless adapter;
331  * (g) composite device setup that can create one or more wireless
332  *     configs, including appropriate association setup support;
333  * (h) more, TBD.
334  */
335 struct usb_composite_dev {
336 	struct usb_gadget		*gadget;
337 	struct usb_request		*req;
338 	unsigned			bufsiz;
339 
340 	struct usb_configuration	*config;
341 
342 	/* private: */
343 	/* internals */
344 	unsigned int			suspended:1;
345 	struct usb_device_descriptor	desc;
346 	struct list_head		configs;
347 	struct usb_composite_driver	*driver;
348 	u8				next_string_id;
349 	u8				manufacturer_override;
350 	u8				product_override;
351 	u8				serial_override;
352 
353 	/* the gadget driver won't enable the data pullup
354 	 * while the deactivation count is nonzero.
355 	 */
356 	unsigned			deactivations;
357 
358 	/* the composite driver won't complete the control transfer's
359 	 * data/status stages till delayed_status is zero.
360 	 */
361 	int				delayed_status;
362 
363 	/* protects deactivations and delayed_status counts*/
364 	spinlock_t			lock;
365 };
366 
367 extern int usb_string_id(struct usb_composite_dev *c);
368 extern int usb_string_ids_tab(struct usb_composite_dev *c,
369 			      struct usb_string *str);
370 extern int usb_string_ids_n(struct usb_composite_dev *c, unsigned n);
371 
372 
373 /* messaging utils */
374 #define DBG(d, fmt, args...) \
375 	dev_dbg(&(d)->gadget->dev , fmt , ## args)
376 #define VDBG(d, fmt, args...) \
377 	dev_vdbg(&(d)->gadget->dev , fmt , ## args)
378 #define ERROR(d, fmt, args...) \
379 	dev_err(&(d)->gadget->dev , fmt , ## args)
380 #define WARNING(d, fmt, args...) \
381 	dev_warn(&(d)->gadget->dev , fmt , ## args)
382 #define INFO(d, fmt, args...) \
383 	dev_info(&(d)->gadget->dev , fmt , ## args)
384 
385 #endif	/* __LINUX_USB_COMPOSITE_H */
386