1# <pre> 2# @(#)asia 8.34 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 33# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 34# Corrections are welcome! 35# std dst 36# LMT Local Mean Time 37# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42# 5:30 IST India 43# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46# 8:00 CST China 47# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 52# 53# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 54 55# From Guy Harris: 56# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 57# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 58# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 59# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 60 61############################################################################### 62 63# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 64# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 68Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 69Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 76Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 78Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 80 81# Afghanistan 82# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 83Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 84 4:00 - AFT 1945 85 4:30 - AFT 86 87# Armenia 88# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 94# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 95# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 96# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 97# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 98Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 99 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 100 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 101 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 102 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 103 4:00 - AMT 1997 104 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 105 106# Azerbaijan 107# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 110# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 115 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 116 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 117 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 119 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 120 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 121 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 122 123# Bahrain 124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 126 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 127 3:00 - AST 128 129# Bangladesh 130# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 131# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 132# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 133# 134# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 135# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 136# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 137# </a> 138# or 139# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 140# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 141# </a> 142# 143# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 144# June 145# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 146# crippling power crisis. " 147# 148# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 149# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 150 151# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 152# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 153# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 154# 155# Some sources: 156# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 157# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 158# </a> 159# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 160# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 161# </a> 162# 163# Our wrap-up: 164# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 165# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 166# </a> 167 168# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 169Rule Bang 2009 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 170Rule Bang 2009 only - Jun 20 0:00 1:00 S 171 172# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 173Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 174 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 175 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 176 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 177 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 178 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 179 6:00 - BDT 2009 # Bangladesh Time 180 6:00 Bang BD%sT 181 182# Bhutan 183# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 184Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 185 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 186 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 187 188# British Indian Ocean Territory 189# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 190# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 191# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 192# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 193# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 194# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 195Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 196 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 197 6:00 - IOT 198 199# Brunei 200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 201Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 202 7:30 - BNT 1933 203 8:00 - BNT 204 205# Burma / Myanmar 206# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 207Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 208 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 209 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 210 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 211 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 212 213# Cambodia 214# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 215Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 216 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 217 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 218 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 219 7:00 - ICT 220 221# China 222 223# From Guy Harris: 224# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 225 226# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 227# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 228# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 229# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 230# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 231# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 232# 233# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 234# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 235# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 236# 237# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 238# 1987 mid-April - ?? 239 240# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 241# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 242# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 243 244# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 245# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 246# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 247# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 248# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 249# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 250# pre-1980 time zones. 251 252# From Shanks & Pottenger: 253# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 254Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 255Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 256Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 257Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 258Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 259Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 260 261# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 262# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 263# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 264# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 265# 266# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 267# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 268# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 269# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 270# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 271# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 272# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 273# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 274# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 275# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 276 277# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 278# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 279# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 280# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 281# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 282# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 283# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 284# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 285# 286# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 287# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 288# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 289# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 290# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 291# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 292# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 293# 294# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 295# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 296# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 297# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 298# Shanks & Pottenger. 299 300# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 301# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 302# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 303Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 304 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 305 8:00 - CST 1940 306 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 307 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 308 8:00 PRC C%sT 309# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 310# most of China 311Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 312 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 313 8:00 PRC C%sT 314# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 315# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 316# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 317# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 318# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 319Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 320 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 321 8:00 PRC C%sT 322# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 323# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 324# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 325# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 326# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 327# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 328# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 329# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 330# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 331Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 332 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 333 8:00 PRC C%sT 334# Kunlun Time 335# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 336# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 337# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 338# and Yarkand. 339Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 340 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 341 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 342 8:00 PRC C%sT 343 344# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 345# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 346Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 347Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 348Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 349Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 350Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 351Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 352Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 353Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 354Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 355Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 356Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 357Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 358Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 359Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 360Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 361# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 362Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 363 8:00 HK HK%sT 364 365 366############################################################################### 367 368# Taiwan 369 370# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 371# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 372# have any other information. 373 374# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 375Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 376Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 377Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 378Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 379Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 380Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 381Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 382Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 383Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 384Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 385Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 386# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 387Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 388 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 389 390# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 391# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 392Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 393Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 394Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 395Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 396Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 397Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 398Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 399Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 400Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 401Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 402Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 403Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 404Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 405Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 408 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 409 8:00 PRC C%sT 410 411 412############################################################################### 413 414# Cyprus 415# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 416Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 417Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 418Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 419Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 420Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 421Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 422Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 423Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 424Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 425# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 426Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 427 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 428 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 429# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 430 431# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 432# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 433Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 434 435# Georgia 436# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 437# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 438# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 439# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 440# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 441# 442# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 443# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 444# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 445# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 446# 447# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 448# 449# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 450# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 451# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 452# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 453# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 454# of integration into Europe. 455 456# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 457# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 458# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 459# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 460# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 461# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 462# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 463# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 464# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 465 466 467# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 468Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 469 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 470 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 471 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 472 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 473 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 474 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 475 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 476 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 477 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 478 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 479 4:00 - GET 480 481# East Timor 482 483# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 484 485# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 486# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 487# East Timor may be late for its millennium 488# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 489# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 490# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 491# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 492# conflicts with their way of life. 493 494# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 495# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 496# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 497 498# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 499# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 500# (2000-08-16)</a>: 501# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 502# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 503# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 504# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 505 506# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 507Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 508 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 509 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 510 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 511 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 512 9:00 - TLT 513 514# India 515# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 516Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 517 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 518 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 519 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 520 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 521 5:30 - IST 522# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 523# Andaman Is 524# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 525# Nicobar Is 526 527# Indonesia 528# 529# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 530# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 531# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 532# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 533# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 534# 535# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 536# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 537# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 538# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 539# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 540# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 541# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 542# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 543# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 544# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 545# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 546# switched on 1945-09-23. 547# 548# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 549Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 550# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 551# but this must be a typo. 552 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 553 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 554 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 555 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 556 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 557 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 558 7:30 - WIT 1964 559 7:00 - WIT 560Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 561 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 562 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 563 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 564 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 565 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 566 7:30 - WIT 1964 567 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 568 7:00 - WIT 569Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 570 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 571 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 572 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 573 8:00 - CIT 574Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 575 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 576 9:30 - CST 1964 577 9:00 - EIT 578 579# Iran 580 581# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 582# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 583# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 584# 585# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 586# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 587# 588# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 589# 590# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 591# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 592# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 593# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 594# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 595# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 596# 597# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 598# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 599# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 600# Shahrivar. 601# 602# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 603# 604# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 605# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 606# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 607# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 608# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 609# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 610# 611# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 612# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 613# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 614# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 615# plan to change that law.... 616# 617# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 618# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 619# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 620# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 621# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 622# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 623# 624# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 625# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 626# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 627# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 628# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 629# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 630# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 631# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 632# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 633# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 634# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 635# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 636# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 637# 638# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 639# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 640# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 641# 642# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 643# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 644# daylight saving time ... 645# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 646# 647# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 648# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 649# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 650# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 651# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 652# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 653# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 654# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 655# 656# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 657Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 658Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 659Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 660Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 661Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 662Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 663Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 664Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 665Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 666Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 667Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 668Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 669Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 670Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 671Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 672Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 673Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 674Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 675Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 676Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 677Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 678Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 679Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 680Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 681Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 682Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 683Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 684Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 685Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 686Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 687Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 688Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 689Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 690Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 691Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 692Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 693Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 694Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 695Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 696Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 697Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 698Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 699Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 700Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 701Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 702Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 703Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 704Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 705Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 706# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 707Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 708 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 709 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 710 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 711 3:30 Iran IR%sT 712 713 714# Iraq 715# 716# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 717# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 718# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 719# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 720# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 721# 722# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 723# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 724# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 725# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 726# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 727# 728# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 729 730# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 731# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 732# news sources (in Arabic): 733# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 734# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 735# </a> 736# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 737# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 738# </a> 739# 740# We have published a short article in English about the change: 741# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 742# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 743# </a> 744 745# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 746Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 747Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 748Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 749Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 750Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 751Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 752# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 753# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 754# 755Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 756Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 757# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 758Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 759 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 760 3:00 - AST 1982 May 761 3:00 Iraq A%sT 762 763 764############################################################################### 765 766# Israel 767 768# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 769# 770# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 771# different abbreviations in use: 772# 773# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 774# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 775# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 776# 777# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 778# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 779# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 780# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 781# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 782# settings in Israeli computers. 783# 784# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 785# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 786# family is from India). 787 788# From Shanks & Pottenger: 789# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 790Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 791Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 792Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 793Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 794Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 795Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 796Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 797Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 798Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 799Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 800Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 801Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 802Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 803Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 804Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 805Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 806Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 807Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 808Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 809Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 810Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 811Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 812Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 813Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 814Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 815Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 816Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 817Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 818Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 819Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 821Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 822Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 823Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 825Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 826Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 827Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 828Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 829Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 830 831# From Ephraim Silverberg 832# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 833# and 2005-02-17): 834 835# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 836# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 837# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 838# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 839# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 840# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 841# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 842# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 843# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 844# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 845# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 846# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 847# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 848# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 849# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 850# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 851# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 852# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 853# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 854# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 855# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 856# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 857 858# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 859Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 860Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 861Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 862Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 863Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 864Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 865Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 866Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 867Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 868Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 869 870# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 871# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 872# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 873 874# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 875Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 876Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 877Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 878Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 879 880# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 881# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 882# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 883# 884# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 885# 886# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 887# 888# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 889# 890# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 891# 892# where YYYY is the relevant year. 893 894# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 895Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 896Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 897Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 898Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 899Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 900Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 901Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 902Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 903 904# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 905# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 906# years 2001-2004 as well. 907# 908# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 909# 910# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 911# 912# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 913# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 914# 915# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 916 917# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 918Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 919Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 920Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 921Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 922Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 923Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 924Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 925Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 926Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 927Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 928 929# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 930# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 931# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 932# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 933# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 934# 935# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 936# 937# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 938 939# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 940# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 941# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 942# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 943# to generate the transitions in this list. 944# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 945# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 946# 947# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 948# 949# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 950# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 951# springtime transitions explicitly. 952 953# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 954Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 955Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 956Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 957Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 958Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 959Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 960Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 961Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 962Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 963Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 964Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 965Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 966Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 967Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 968Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 969Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 970Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 971Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 972Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 973Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 974Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 975Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 976Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 977Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 978Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 979Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 980Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 981Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 982Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 983Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 984Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 985Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 986Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 987Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 988Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 989Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 990Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 991Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 992Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 993Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 994Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 995Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 996Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 997 998# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 999Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1000 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1001 2:00 Zion I%sT 1002 1003 1004 1005############################################################################### 1006 1007# Japan 1008 1009# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1010 1011# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1012# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1013# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1014# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1015 1016# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1017# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1018# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1019# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1020# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1021# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1022# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1023# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1024# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1025# wanted to keep it.) 1026 1027# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1028# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1029# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1030Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1031Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1032Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1033Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1034# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1035# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1036# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1037# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1038 1039# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1040# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1041# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1042# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1043# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1044# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1045# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1046 1047# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1048# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1049# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1050# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1051# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1052# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1053# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1054# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1055# standard.... 1056# 1057# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1058# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1059 1060# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1061# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1062# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1063 1064# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1065Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1066 9:00 - JST 1896 1067 9:00 - CJT 1938 1068 9:00 Japan J%sT 1069# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1070 1071# Jordan 1072# 1073# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1074# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1075# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1076# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1077# all year round. 1078# 1079# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1080# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1081# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1082# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1083# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1084# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1085# 1086# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1087# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1088# 1089# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1090# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1091# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1092# 1093# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1094# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1095# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1096# 1097 1098# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1099# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1100# Jordan. 1101# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1102# saving 1103# time on the last Thursday in March. 1104# 1105# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1106# 1107# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1108# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1109# Please see 1110# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1111# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1112# </a> 1113 1114# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1115# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1116# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1117# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1118# </a> 1119# 1120# Google's translation: 1121# 1122# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1123# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1124# > of the month of March of each year. 1125# 1126# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1127 1128# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1129# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1130 1131# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1132Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1133Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1134Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1135Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1136Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1137Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1138Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1139Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1140Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1141Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1142Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1143Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1144Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1145Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1146Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1147Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1148Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1149Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1150Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1151Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1152Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1153Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1154Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1155Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1156Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1157Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1158Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1159Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1160# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1161Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1162 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1163 1164 1165# Kazakhstan 1166 1167# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1168# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1169# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1170# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1171# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1172# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1173 1174# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1175# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1176# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1177# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1178# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1179# 1180# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1181# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1182# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1183 1184# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1185# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1186# </a> 1187# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1188# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1189# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1190# 1191# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1192# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1193# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1194# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1195# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1196# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1197# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1198# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1199# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1200 1201# 1202# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1203# 1204# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1205Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1206 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1207 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1208 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1209 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1210 6:00 - ALMT 1211# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1212Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1213 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1214 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1215 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1216 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1217 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1218 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1219 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1220 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1221 6:00 - QYZT 1222# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1223Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1224 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1225 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1226 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1227 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1228 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1229 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1230 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1231 5:00 - AQTT 1232# Mangghystau 1233# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1234# so include time stamps before 1963. 1235Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1236 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1237 5:00 - FORT 1963 1238 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1239 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1240 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1241 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1242 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1243 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1244 5:00 - AQTT 1245# West Kazakhstan 1246Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1247 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1248 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1249 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1250 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1251 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1252 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1253 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1254 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1255 5:00 - ORAT 1256 1257# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1258# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1259 1260# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1261# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1262# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1263# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1264# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1265# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1266# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1267# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1268 1269# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1270Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1271Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1272Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1273Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1274# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1275Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1276 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1277 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1278 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1279 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1280 6:00 - KGT 1281 1282############################################################################### 1283 1284# Korea (North and South) 1285 1286# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1287# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1288# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1289# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1290# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1291# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1292 1293# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1294# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1295Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1296Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1297Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1298Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1299 1300# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1301Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1302 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1303 9:00 - KST 1928 1304 8:30 - KST 1932 1305 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1306 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1307 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1308 9:00 ROK K%sT 1309Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1310 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1311 9:00 - KST 1928 1312 8:30 - KST 1932 1313 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1314 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1315 9:00 - KST 1316 1317############################################################################### 1318 1319# Kuwait 1320# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1321# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1322# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1323# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1324# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1325# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1326# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1327# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1328# so for now we assume no DST. 1329Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1330 3:00 - AST 1331 1332# Laos 1333# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1334Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1335 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1336 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1337 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1338 7:00 - ICT 1339 1340# Lebanon 1341# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1342Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1343Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1344Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1345Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1346Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1347Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1348Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1349Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1350Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1351Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1352Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1353Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1354Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1355Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1356Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1357Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1358Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1359Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1360Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1361Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1362Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1363Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1364Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1365Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1367Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1368 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1369 1370# Malaysia 1371# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1372Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1373Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1374# 1375# peninsular Malaysia 1376# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1377# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1378# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1379Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1380 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1381 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1382 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1383 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1384 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1385 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1386 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1387 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1388# Sabah & Sarawak 1389# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1390# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1391# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1392# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1393Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1394 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1395 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1396 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1397 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1398 8:00 - MYT 1399 1400# Maldives 1401# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1402Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1403 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1404 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1405 1406# Mongolia 1407 1408# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1409# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1410# both say that it has just one. 1411 1412# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1413# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1414# General Information Mongolia 1415# </a> (1999-09) 1416# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1417# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1418# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1419# eight hours." 1420 1421# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1422# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1423# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1424# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1425# of implementation may have been different.... 1426# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1427# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1428# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1429 1430# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1431# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1432# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1433# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1434# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1435# is good enough for our purposes. 1436 1437# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1438# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1439# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1440# there are three time zones. 1441# 1442# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1443# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1444# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1445# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1446# 1447# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1448 1449# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1450# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1451# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1452# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1453# 1454# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1455# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1456# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1457 1458# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1459# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1460# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1461# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1462# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1463# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1464# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1465# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1466# He also found 1467# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1468# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1469# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1470# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1471# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1472# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1473# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1474# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1475 1476# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1477# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1478# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1479# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1480 1481# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1482# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1483# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1484# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1485# database on this, e.g.: 1486# 1487# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1488# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1489# </a> 1490# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1491# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1492# </a> 1493# 1494# both say GMT+08:00. 1495 1496# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1497# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1498# schedule here: 1499# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1500# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1501# </a> 1502# (click the English flag for English) 1503# 1504# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1505# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1506# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1507# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1508# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1509# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1510 1511# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1512# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1513# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1514# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1515# this is almost surely wrong. 1516 1517# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1518Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1519Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1520# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1521# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1522# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1523# 1524# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1525# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1526# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1527# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1528# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1529# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1530 1531Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1532Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1533# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1534Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1535Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1536Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1537 1538# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1539# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1540Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1541 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1542 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1543# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1544Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1545 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1546 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1547# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1548# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1549Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1550 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1551 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1552 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1553 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1554 1555# Nepal 1556# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1557Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1558 5:30 - IST 1986 1559 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1560 1561# Oman 1562# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1563Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1564 4:00 - GST 1565 1566# Pakistan 1567 1568# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1569# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1570# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1571# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1572# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1573# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1574 1575# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1576# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1577# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1578# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1579# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1580# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1581# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1582# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1583# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1584# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1585# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1586 1587# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1588# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1589# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1590 1591# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1592# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1593# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1594# 1595# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1596# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1597# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1598# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1599# 1600# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1601# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1602 1603# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1604# 1605# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1606# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1607# 1608# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1609# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1610# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1611# ...." 1612# 1613# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1614# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1615# </a> 1616# OR 1617# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1618# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1619# </a> 1620 1621# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1622# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1623 1624# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1625# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1626# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1627# instead of August 31. 1628# 1629# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1630# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1631# </a> 1632# OR 1633# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1634# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1635# </a> 1636 1637# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1638# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1639# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1640# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1641# official working." 1642# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1643# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1644# </a> 1645# 1646# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1647# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1648# 1649# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1650# April 08, 2009 1651# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1652# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1653# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1654# </a> 1655# 1656# or 1657# 1658# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1659# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1660# </a> 1661# 1662# .... 1663# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1664# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1665# conserve energy" 1666 1667# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1668# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1669 1670# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1671Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1672Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1673Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1674Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1675Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1676Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1677# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1678Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1679 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1680 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1681 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1682 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1683 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1684 1685# Palestine 1686 1687# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1688# 1689# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1690# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1691# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1692# 1693# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1694# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1695# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1696# though. 1697# 1698# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1699# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1700# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1701# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1702# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1703# East Jerusalem. 1704# 1705# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1706# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1707# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1708# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1709# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1710# 1711# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1712# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1713# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1714# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1715# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1716# Jordanian one). 1717# 1718# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1719# 1720# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1721# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1722# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1723# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1724# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1725# 1726# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1727# have one). 1728 1729# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1730# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1731# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1732# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1733# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1734# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1735# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1736# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1737# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1738# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1739# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1740 1741# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1742# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1743# 1744# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1745# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1746# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1747# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1748 1749# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1750# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1751# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1752# Holiday havoc 1753# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1754# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1755# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1756# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1757# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1758 1759# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1760# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1761 1762# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1763# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1764# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1765# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1766# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1767 1768# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1769# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1770# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1771# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1772# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1773# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1774# the West Bank. 1775 1776# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1777# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1778# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1779# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1780# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1781# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1782# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1783# because of the Ramadan. 1784 1785# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1786# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1787# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1788 1789# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1790# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1791# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1792# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1793# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1794# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1795 1796# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1797# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1798# 1799# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1800# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1801# 1802# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1803# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1804# </a> 1805# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1806# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1807# </a> 1808# or 1809# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1810# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1811# </a> 1812 1813# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1814# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1815# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1816# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1817# 1818# (in Arabic) 1819# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1820# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1821# </a> 1822# 1823# or 1824# (English translation) 1825# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1826# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1827# </a> 1828 1829# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1830# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1831Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1832Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1833Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1834Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1835Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1836Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1837 1838Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1839Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1840Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1841Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1842Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1843Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1844Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1845Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 1846Rule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1847Rule Palestine 2009 max - Sep lastMon 2:00 0 - 1848 1849# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1850Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1851 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1852 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1853 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1854 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1855 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1856 1857# Paracel Is 1858# no information 1859 1860# Philippines 1861# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1862# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1863# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1864# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1865# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1866 1867# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1868# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1869# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1870# rainy season begins. See 1871# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1872# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1873# 1874# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1875# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1876# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1877# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1878# but no details] 1879 1880# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1881Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1882Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1883Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1884Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1885Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1886Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1887# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1888Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1889 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1890 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1891 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1892 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1893 1894# Qatar 1895# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1896Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1897 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1898 3:00 - AST 1899 1900# Saudi Arabia 1901# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1902Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1903 3:00 - AST 1904 1905# Singapore 1906# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1907# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1908# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1909Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1910 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1911 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1912 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1913 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1914 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1915 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1916 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1917 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 1918 8:00 - SGT 1919 1920# Spratly Is 1921# no information 1922 1923# Sri Lanka 1924# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1925# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1926# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1927# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1928# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1929# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1930# 1931# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1932# by Shamindra in 1933# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1934# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1935# </a>: 1936# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1937# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1938 1939# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1940# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1941# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1942# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1943 1944# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1945# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1946# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1947# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1948# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1949# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1950# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1951# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1952 1953# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1954# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1955# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1956# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1957# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1958# 1959# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1960# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1961# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1962# 1963# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1964# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1965# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1966# item.... 1967# 1968# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1969# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1970# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1971# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1972# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1973# 1974# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1975# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1976# all computers. 1977 1978# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1979# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1980# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1981 1982# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1983Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1984 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1985 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1986 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1987 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1988 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1989 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1990 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1991 5:30 - IST 1992 1993# Syria 1994# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1995Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1996Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1997Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1998Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1999Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2000Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2001Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2002Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2003Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2004Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2005Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2006Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2007Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2008Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2009Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2010Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2011Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2012Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2013Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2014Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2015Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2016Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2017Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2018Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2019Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2020Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2021Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2022Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2023# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2024# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2025# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2026# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2027# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2028# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2029Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2030Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2031Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2032Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2033# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2034# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2035# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2036Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2037# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2038# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2039# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2040Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2041# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2042# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2043# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2044# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2045# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2046# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2047# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2048# 2049# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2050# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2051# 2052# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2053# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2054# 2055# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2056# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2057# 2058# which using Google's translate tools says: 2059# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2060# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2061# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2062Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2063 2064# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2065# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2066# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2067# are now using: 2068# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2069# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2070# Variation 2071# Syrian Arab 2072# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2073# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2074# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2075 2076# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2077# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2078# Agency (SANA)... 2079# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2080# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2081# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2082# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2083# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2084# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2085# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2086 2087# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2088# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2089# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2090# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2091# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2092 2093# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2094# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2095# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2096# 2097# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2098# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2099# clocks back 60 minutes). 2100# 2101# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2102# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2103# </a> 2104 2105# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2106# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2107# two examples: 2108# 2109# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2110# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2111# </a> 2112# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2113# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2114# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2115# </a> 2116# (Arabic, gov-site) 2117# 2118# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2119# 2120# Our summary 2121# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2122# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2123# </a> 2124 2125Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2126Rule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2127Rule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2128 2129# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2130Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2131 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2132 2133# Tajikistan 2134# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2135# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2136Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2137 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2138 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2139 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2140 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2141 2142# Thailand 2143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2144Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2145 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2146 7:00 - ICT 2147 2148# Turkmenistan 2149# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2150# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2151Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2152 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2153 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2154 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2155 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2156 5:00 - TMT 2157 2158# United Arab Emirates 2159# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2160Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2161 4:00 - GST 2162 2163# Uzbekistan 2164# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2165Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2166 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2167 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2168 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2169 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2170 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2171 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2172 5:00 - UZT 2173Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2174 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2175 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2176 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2177 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2178 5:00 - UZT 2179 2180# Vietnam 2181 2182# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2183# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2184# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2185 2186# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2187# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2188Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2189 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2190 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2191 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2192 7:00 - ICT 2193 2194# Yemen 2195# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2196Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2197 3:00 - AST 2198