1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2 
3 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
4 
5 #include "af-list.h"
6 #include "alloc-util.h"
7 #include "dns-domain.h"
8 #include "errno-util.h"
9 #include "fd-util.h"
10 #include "hostname-util.h"
11 #include "missing_network.h"
12 #include "random-util.h"
13 #include "resolved-dnssd.h"
14 #include "resolved-dns-scope.h"
15 #include "resolved-dns-zone.h"
16 #include "resolved-llmnr.h"
17 #include "resolved-mdns.h"
18 #include "socket-util.h"
19 #include "strv.h"
20 
21 #define MULTICAST_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL_USEC (1*USEC_PER_SEC)
22 #define MULTICAST_RATELIMIT_BURST 1000
23 
24 /* After how much time to repeat LLMNR requests, see RFC 4795 Section 7 */
25 #define MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MIN_USEC (100 * USEC_PER_MSEC)
26 #define MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MAX_USEC (1 * USEC_PER_SEC)
27 
dns_scope_new(Manager * m,DnsScope ** ret,Link * l,DnsProtocol protocol,int family)28 int dns_scope_new(Manager *m, DnsScope **ret, Link *l, DnsProtocol protocol, int family) {
29         DnsScope *s;
30 
31         assert(m);
32         assert(ret);
33 
34         s = new(DnsScope, 1);
35         if (!s)
36                 return -ENOMEM;
37 
38         *s = (DnsScope) {
39                 .manager = m,
40                 .link = l,
41                 .protocol = protocol,
42                 .family = family,
43                 .resend_timeout = MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MIN_USEC,
44         };
45 
46         if (protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS) {
47                 /* Copy DNSSEC mode from the link if it is set there,
48                  * otherwise take the manager's DNSSEC mode. Note that
49                  * we copy this only at scope creation time, and do
50                  * not update it from the on, even if the setting
51                  * changes. */
52 
53                 if (l) {
54                         s->dnssec_mode = link_get_dnssec_mode(l);
55                         s->dns_over_tls_mode = link_get_dns_over_tls_mode(l);
56                 } else {
57                         s->dnssec_mode = manager_get_dnssec_mode(m);
58                         s->dns_over_tls_mode = manager_get_dns_over_tls_mode(m);
59                 }
60 
61         } else {
62                 s->dnssec_mode = DNSSEC_NO;
63                 s->dns_over_tls_mode = DNS_OVER_TLS_NO;
64         }
65 
66         LIST_PREPEND(scopes, m->dns_scopes, s);
67 
68         dns_scope_llmnr_membership(s, true);
69         dns_scope_mdns_membership(s, true);
70 
71         log_debug("New scope on link %s, protocol %s, family %s", l ? l->ifname : "*", dns_protocol_to_string(protocol), family == AF_UNSPEC ? "*" : af_to_name(family));
72 
73         /* Enforce ratelimiting for the multicast protocols */
74         s->ratelimit = (RateLimit) { MULTICAST_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL_USEC, MULTICAST_RATELIMIT_BURST };
75 
76         *ret = s;
77         return 0;
78 }
79 
dns_scope_abort_transactions(DnsScope * s)80 static void dns_scope_abort_transactions(DnsScope *s) {
81         assert(s);
82 
83         while (s->transactions) {
84                 DnsTransaction *t = s->transactions;
85 
86                 /* Abort the transaction, but make sure it is not
87                  * freed while we still look at it */
88 
89                 t->block_gc++;
90                 if (DNS_TRANSACTION_IS_LIVE(t->state))
91                         dns_transaction_complete(t, DNS_TRANSACTION_ABORTED);
92                 t->block_gc--;
93 
94                 dns_transaction_free(t);
95         }
96 }
97 
dns_scope_free(DnsScope * s)98 DnsScope* dns_scope_free(DnsScope *s) {
99         if (!s)
100                 return NULL;
101 
102         log_debug("Removing scope on link %s, protocol %s, family %s", s->link ? s->link->ifname : "*", dns_protocol_to_string(s->protocol), s->family == AF_UNSPEC ? "*" : af_to_name(s->family));
103 
104         dns_scope_llmnr_membership(s, false);
105         dns_scope_mdns_membership(s, false);
106         dns_scope_abort_transactions(s);
107 
108         while (s->query_candidates)
109                 dns_query_candidate_unref(s->query_candidates);
110 
111         hashmap_free(s->transactions_by_key);
112 
113         ordered_hashmap_free_with_destructor(s->conflict_queue, dns_resource_record_unref);
114         sd_event_source_disable_unref(s->conflict_event_source);
115 
116         sd_event_source_disable_unref(s->announce_event_source);
117 
118         dns_cache_flush(&s->cache);
119         dns_zone_flush(&s->zone);
120 
121         LIST_REMOVE(scopes, s->manager->dns_scopes, s);
122         return mfree(s);
123 }
124 
dns_scope_get_dns_server(DnsScope * s)125 DnsServer *dns_scope_get_dns_server(DnsScope *s) {
126         assert(s);
127 
128         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
129                 return NULL;
130 
131         if (s->link)
132                 return link_get_dns_server(s->link);
133         else
134                 return manager_get_dns_server(s->manager);
135 }
136 
dns_scope_get_n_dns_servers(DnsScope * s)137 unsigned dns_scope_get_n_dns_servers(DnsScope *s) {
138         unsigned n = 0;
139         DnsServer *i;
140 
141         assert(s);
142 
143         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
144                 return 0;
145 
146         if (s->link)
147                 i = s->link->dns_servers;
148         else
149                 i = s->manager->dns_servers;
150 
151         for (; i; i = i->servers_next)
152                 n++;
153 
154         return n;
155 }
156 
dns_scope_next_dns_server(DnsScope * s,DnsServer * if_current)157 void dns_scope_next_dns_server(DnsScope *s, DnsServer *if_current) {
158         assert(s);
159 
160         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
161                 return;
162 
163         /* Changes to the next DNS server in the list. If 'if_current' is passed will do so only if the
164          * current DNS server still matches it. */
165 
166         if (s->link)
167                 link_next_dns_server(s->link, if_current);
168         else
169                 manager_next_dns_server(s->manager, if_current);
170 }
171 
dns_scope_packet_received(DnsScope * s,usec_t rtt)172 void dns_scope_packet_received(DnsScope *s, usec_t rtt) {
173         assert(s);
174 
175         if (rtt <= s->max_rtt)
176                 return;
177 
178         s->max_rtt = rtt;
179         s->resend_timeout = MIN(MAX(MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MIN_USEC, s->max_rtt * 2), MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MAX_USEC);
180 }
181 
dns_scope_packet_lost(DnsScope * s,usec_t usec)182 void dns_scope_packet_lost(DnsScope *s, usec_t usec) {
183         assert(s);
184 
185         if (s->resend_timeout <= usec)
186                 s->resend_timeout = MIN(s->resend_timeout * 2, MULTICAST_RESEND_TIMEOUT_MAX_USEC);
187 }
188 
dns_scope_emit_one(DnsScope * s,int fd,int family,DnsPacket * p)189 static int dns_scope_emit_one(DnsScope *s, int fd, int family, DnsPacket *p) {
190         int r;
191 
192         assert(s);
193         assert(p);
194         assert(p->protocol == s->protocol);
195 
196         if (family == AF_UNSPEC) {
197                 if (s->family == AF_UNSPEC)
198                         return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
199 
200                 family = s->family;
201         }
202 
203         switch (s->protocol) {
204 
205         case DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS: {
206                 size_t mtu, udp_size, min_mtu, socket_mtu = 0;
207 
208                 assert(fd >= 0);
209 
210                 if (DNS_PACKET_QDCOUNT(p) > 1) /* Classic DNS only allows one question per packet */
211                         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
212 
213                 if (p->size > DNS_PACKET_UNICAST_SIZE_MAX)
214                         return -EMSGSIZE;
215 
216                 /* Determine the local most accurate MTU */
217                 if (s->link)
218                         mtu = s->link->mtu;
219                 else
220                         mtu = manager_find_mtu(s->manager);
221 
222                 /* Acquire the socket's PMDU MTU */
223                 r = socket_get_mtu(fd, family, &socket_mtu);
224                 if (r < 0 && !ERRNO_IS_DISCONNECT(r)) /* Will return ENOTCONN if no information is available yet */
225                         return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read socket MTU: %m");
226 
227                 /* Determine the appropriate UDP header size */
228                 udp_size = udp_header_size(family);
229                 min_mtu = udp_size + DNS_PACKET_HEADER_SIZE;
230 
231                 log_debug("Emitting UDP, link MTU is %zu, socket MTU is %zu, minimal MTU is %zu",
232                           mtu, socket_mtu, min_mtu);
233 
234                 /* Clamp by the kernel's idea of the (path) MTU */
235                 if (socket_mtu != 0 && socket_mtu < mtu)
236                         mtu = socket_mtu;
237 
238                 /* Put a lower limit, in case all MTU data we acquired was rubbish */
239                 if (mtu < min_mtu)
240                         mtu = min_mtu;
241 
242                 /* Now check our packet size against the MTU we determined */
243                 if (udp_size + p->size > mtu)
244                         return -EMSGSIZE; /* This means: try TCP instead */
245 
246                 r = manager_write(s->manager, fd, p);
247                 if (r < 0)
248                         return r;
249 
250                 break;
251         }
252 
253         case DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR: {
254                 union in_addr_union addr;
255 
256                 assert(fd < 0);
257 
258                 if (DNS_PACKET_QDCOUNT(p) > 1)
259                         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
260 
261                 if (!ratelimit_below(&s->ratelimit))
262                         return -EBUSY;
263 
264                 if (family == AF_INET) {
265                         addr.in = LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS;
266                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv4_udp_fd(s->manager);
267                 } else if (family == AF_INET6) {
268                         addr.in6 = LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS;
269                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv6_udp_fd(s->manager);
270                 } else
271                         return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
272                 if (fd < 0)
273                         return fd;
274 
275                 r = manager_send(s->manager, fd, s->link->ifindex, family, &addr, LLMNR_PORT, NULL, p);
276                 if (r < 0)
277                         return r;
278 
279                 break;
280         }
281 
282         case DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS: {
283                 union in_addr_union addr;
284                 assert(fd < 0);
285 
286                 if (!ratelimit_below(&s->ratelimit))
287                         return -EBUSY;
288 
289                 if (family == AF_INET) {
290                         if (in4_addr_is_null(&p->destination.in))
291                                 addr.in = MDNS_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS;
292                         else
293                                 addr = p->destination;
294                         fd = manager_mdns_ipv4_fd(s->manager);
295                 } else if (family == AF_INET6) {
296                         if (in6_addr_is_null(&p->destination.in6))
297                                 addr.in6 = MDNS_MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS;
298                         else
299                                 addr = p->destination;
300                         fd = manager_mdns_ipv6_fd(s->manager);
301                 } else
302                         return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
303                 if (fd < 0)
304                         return fd;
305 
306                 r = manager_send(s->manager, fd, s->link->ifindex, family, &addr, p->destination_port ?: MDNS_PORT, NULL, p);
307                 if (r < 0)
308                         return r;
309 
310                 break;
311         }
312 
313         default:
314                 return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
315         }
316 
317         return 1;
318 }
319 
dns_scope_emit_udp(DnsScope * s,int fd,int af,DnsPacket * p)320 int dns_scope_emit_udp(DnsScope *s, int fd, int af, DnsPacket *p) {
321         int r;
322 
323         assert(s);
324         assert(p);
325         assert(p->protocol == s->protocol);
326         assert((s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS) == (fd >= 0));
327 
328         do {
329                 /* If there are multiple linked packets, set the TC bit in all but the last of them */
330                 if (p->more) {
331                         assert(p->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS);
332                         dns_packet_set_flags(p, true, true);
333                 }
334 
335                 r = dns_scope_emit_one(s, fd, af, p);
336                 if (r < 0)
337                         return r;
338 
339                 p = p->more;
340         } while (p);
341 
342         return 0;
343 }
344 
dns_scope_socket(DnsScope * s,int type,int family,const union in_addr_union * address,DnsServer * server,uint16_t port,union sockaddr_union * ret_socket_address)345 static int dns_scope_socket(
346                 DnsScope *s,
347                 int type,
348                 int family,
349                 const union in_addr_union *address,
350                 DnsServer *server,
351                 uint16_t port,
352                 union sockaddr_union *ret_socket_address) {
353 
354         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
355         union sockaddr_union sa;
356         socklen_t salen;
357         int r, ifindex;
358 
359         assert(s);
360 
361         if (server) {
362                 assert(family == AF_UNSPEC);
363                 assert(!address);
364 
365                 ifindex = dns_server_ifindex(server);
366 
367                 switch (server->family) {
368                 case AF_INET:
369                         sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
370                                 .in.sin_family = server->family,
371                                 .in.sin_port = htobe16(port),
372                                 .in.sin_addr = server->address.in,
373                         };
374                         salen = sizeof(sa.in);
375                         break;
376                 case AF_INET6:
377                         sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
378                                 .in6.sin6_family = server->family,
379                                 .in6.sin6_port = htobe16(port),
380                                 .in6.sin6_addr = server->address.in6,
381                                 .in6.sin6_scope_id = ifindex,
382                         };
383                         salen = sizeof(sa.in6);
384                         break;
385                 default:
386                         return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
387                 }
388         } else {
389                 assert(family != AF_UNSPEC);
390                 assert(address);
391 
392                 ifindex = s->link ? s->link->ifindex : 0;
393 
394                 switch (family) {
395                 case AF_INET:
396                         sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
397                                 .in.sin_family = family,
398                                 .in.sin_port = htobe16(port),
399                                 .in.sin_addr = address->in,
400                         };
401                         salen = sizeof(sa.in);
402                         break;
403                 case AF_INET6:
404                         sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
405                                 .in6.sin6_family = family,
406                                 .in6.sin6_port = htobe16(port),
407                                 .in6.sin6_addr = address->in6,
408                                 .in6.sin6_scope_id = ifindex,
409                         };
410                         salen = sizeof(sa.in6);
411                         break;
412                 default:
413                         return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
414                 }
415         }
416 
417         fd = socket(sa.sa.sa_family, type|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
418         if (fd < 0)
419                 return -errno;
420 
421         if (type == SOCK_STREAM) {
422                 r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, true);
423                 if (r < 0)
424                         return r;
425         }
426 
427         if (s->link) {
428                 r = socket_set_unicast_if(fd, sa.sa.sa_family, ifindex);
429                 if (r < 0)
430                         return r;
431         }
432 
433         if (s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR) {
434                 /* RFC 4795, section 2.5 requires the TTL to be set to 1 */
435                 r = socket_set_ttl(fd, sa.sa.sa_family, 1);
436                 if (r < 0)
437                         return r;
438         }
439 
440         if (type == SOCK_DGRAM) {
441                 /* Set IP_RECVERR or IPV6_RECVERR to get ICMP error feedback. See discussion in #10345. */
442                 r = socket_set_recverr(fd, sa.sa.sa_family, true);
443                 if (r < 0)
444                         return r;
445 
446                 r = socket_set_recvpktinfo(fd, sa.sa.sa_family, true);
447                 if (r < 0)
448                         return r;
449 
450                 /* Turn of path MTU discovery for security reasons */
451                 r = socket_disable_pmtud(fd, sa.sa.sa_family);
452                 if (r < 0)
453                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to disable UDP PMTUD, ignoring: %m");
454 
455                 /* Learn about fragmentation taking place */
456                 r = socket_set_recvfragsize(fd, sa.sa.sa_family, true);
457                 if (r < 0)
458                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to enable fragment size reception, ignoring: %m");
459         }
460 
461         if (ret_socket_address)
462                 *ret_socket_address = sa;
463         else {
464                 bool bound = false;
465 
466                 /* Let's temporarily bind the socket to the specified ifindex. The kernel currently takes
467                  * only the SO_BINDTODEVICE/SO_BINDTOINDEX ifindex into account when making routing decisions
468                  * in connect() — and not IP_UNICAST_IF. We don't really want any of the other semantics of
469                  * SO_BINDTODEVICE/SO_BINDTOINDEX, hence we immediately unbind the socket after the fact
470                  * again.
471                  *
472                  * As a special exception we don't do this if we notice that the specified IP address is on
473                  * the local host. SO_BINDTODEVICE in combination with destination addresses on the local
474                  * host result in EHOSTUNREACH, since Linux won't send the packets out of the specified
475                  * interface, but delivers them directly to the local socket. */
476                 if (s->link &&
477                     !manager_find_link_address(s->manager, sa.sa.sa_family, sockaddr_in_addr(&sa.sa))) {
478                         r = socket_bind_to_ifindex(fd, ifindex);
479                         if (r < 0)
480                                 return r;
481 
482                         bound = true;
483                 }
484 
485                 r = connect(fd, &sa.sa, salen);
486                 if (r < 0 && errno != EINPROGRESS)
487                         return -errno;
488 
489                 if (bound) {
490                         r = socket_bind_to_ifindex(fd, 0);
491                         if (r < 0)
492                                 return r;
493                 }
494         }
495 
496         return TAKE_FD(fd);
497 }
498 
dns_scope_socket_udp(DnsScope * s,DnsServer * server)499 int dns_scope_socket_udp(DnsScope *s, DnsServer *server) {
500         return dns_scope_socket(s, SOCK_DGRAM, AF_UNSPEC, NULL, server, dns_server_port(server), NULL);
501 }
502 
dns_scope_socket_tcp(DnsScope * s,int family,const union in_addr_union * address,DnsServer * server,uint16_t port,union sockaddr_union * ret_socket_address)503 int dns_scope_socket_tcp(DnsScope *s, int family, const union in_addr_union *address, DnsServer *server, uint16_t port, union sockaddr_union *ret_socket_address) {
504         /* If ret_socket_address is not NULL, the caller is responsible
505          * for calling connect() or sendmsg(). This is required by TCP
506          * Fast Open, to be able to send the initial SYN packet along
507          * with the first data packet. */
508         return dns_scope_socket(s, SOCK_STREAM, family, address, server, port, ret_socket_address);
509 }
510 
match_link_local_reverse_lookups(const char * domain)511 static DnsScopeMatch match_link_local_reverse_lookups(const char *domain) {
512         assert(domain);
513 
514         if (dns_name_endswith(domain, "254.169.in-addr.arpa") > 0)
515                 return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 4; /* 4 labels match */
516 
517         if (dns_name_endswith(domain, "8.e.f.ip6.arpa") > 0 ||
518             dns_name_endswith(domain, "9.e.f.ip6.arpa") > 0 ||
519             dns_name_endswith(domain, "a.e.f.ip6.arpa") > 0 ||
520             dns_name_endswith(domain, "b.e.f.ip6.arpa") > 0)
521                 return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 5; /* 5 labels match */
522 
523         return _DNS_SCOPE_MATCH_INVALID;
524 }
525 
match_subnet_reverse_lookups(DnsScope * s,const char * domain,bool exclude_own)526 static DnsScopeMatch match_subnet_reverse_lookups(
527                 DnsScope *s,
528                 const char *domain,
529                 bool exclude_own) {
530 
531         union in_addr_union ia;
532         int f, r;
533 
534         assert(s);
535         assert(domain);
536 
537         /* Checks whether the specified domain is a reverse address domain (i.e. in the .in-addr.arpa or
538          * .ip6.arpa area), and if so, whether the address matches any of the local subnets of the link the
539          * scope is associated with. If so, our scope should consider itself relevant for any lookup in the
540          * domain, since it apparently refers to hosts on this link's subnet.
541          *
542          * If 'exclude_own' is true this will return DNS_SCOPE_NO for any IP addresses assigned locally. This
543          * is useful for LLMNR/mDNS as we never want to look up our own hostname on LLMNR/mDNS but always use
544          * the locally synthesized one. */
545 
546         if (!s->link)
547                 return _DNS_SCOPE_MATCH_INVALID; /* No link, hence no local addresses to check */
548 
549         r = dns_name_address(domain, &f, &ia);
550         if (r < 0)
551                 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is an address domain: %m", domain);
552         if (r <= 0)
553                 return _DNS_SCOPE_MATCH_INVALID;
554 
555         if (s->family != AF_UNSPEC && f != s->family)
556                 return _DNS_SCOPE_MATCH_INVALID; /* Don't look for IPv4 addresses on LLMNR/mDNS over IPv6 and vice versa */
557 
558         LIST_FOREACH(addresses, a, s->link->addresses) {
559 
560                 if (a->family != f)
561                         continue;
562 
563                 /* Equals our own address? nah, let's not use this scope. The local synthesizer will pick it up for us. */
564                 if (exclude_own &&
565                     in_addr_equal(f, &a->in_addr, &ia) > 0)
566                         return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
567 
568                 if (a->prefixlen == UCHAR_MAX) /* don't know subnet mask */
569                         continue;
570 
571                 /* Check if the address is in the local subnet */
572                 r = in_addr_prefix_covers(f, &a->in_addr, a->prefixlen, &ia);
573                 if (r < 0)
574                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether link address covers lookup address '%s': %m", domain);
575                 if (r > 0)
576                         /* Note that we only claim zero labels match. This is so that this is at the same
577                          * priority a DNS scope with "." as routing domain is. */
578                         return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 0;
579         }
580 
581         return _DNS_SCOPE_MATCH_INVALID;
582 }
583 
dns_scope_good_domain(DnsScope * s,DnsQuery * q)584 DnsScopeMatch dns_scope_good_domain(
585                 DnsScope *s,
586                 DnsQuery *q) {
587 
588         DnsQuestion *question;
589         const char *domain;
590         uint64_t flags;
591         int ifindex;
592 
593         /* This returns the following return values:
594          *
595          *    DNS_SCOPE_NO         → This scope is not suitable for lookups of this domain, at all
596          *    DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE      → This scope is suitable, but only if nothing else wants it
597          *    DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE+n → This scope is suitable, and 'n' suffix labels match
598          *
599          *  (The idea is that the caller will only use the scopes with the longest 'n' returned. If no scopes return
600          *  DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE+n, then it should use those which returned DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE. It should never use those
601          *  which returned DNS_SCOPE_NO.)
602          */
603 
604         assert(s);
605         assert(q);
606 
607         question = dns_query_question_for_protocol(q, s->protocol);
608         if (!question)
609                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
610 
611         domain = dns_question_first_name(question);
612         if (!domain)
613                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
614 
615         ifindex = q->ifindex;
616         flags = q->flags;
617 
618         /* Checks if the specified domain is something to look up on this scope. Note that this accepts
619          * non-qualified hostnames, i.e. those without any search path suffixed. */
620 
621         if (ifindex != 0 && (!s->link || s->link->ifindex != ifindex))
622                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
623 
624         if ((SD_RESOLVED_FLAGS_MAKE(s->protocol, s->family, false, false) & flags) == 0)
625                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
626 
627         /* Never resolve any loopback hostname or IP address via DNS, LLMNR or mDNS. Instead, always rely on
628          * synthesized RRs for these. */
629         if (is_localhost(domain) ||
630             dns_name_endswith(domain, "127.in-addr.arpa") > 0 ||
631             dns_name_equal(domain, "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa") > 0)
632                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
633 
634         /* Never respond to some of the domains listed in RFC6303 + RFC6761 */
635         if (dns_name_dont_resolve(domain))
636                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
637 
638         /* Never go to network for the _gateway or _outbound domain — they're something special, synthesized locally. */
639         if (is_gateway_hostname(domain) || is_outbound_hostname(domain))
640                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
641 
642         switch (s->protocol) {
643 
644         case DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS: {
645                 bool has_search_domains = false;
646                 DnsScopeMatch m;
647                 int n_best = -1;
648 
649                 if (dns_name_is_empty(domain)) {
650                         DnsResourceKey *t;
651                         bool found = false;
652 
653                         /* Refuse empty name if only A and/or AAAA records are requested. */
654 
655                         DNS_QUESTION_FOREACH(t, question)
656                                 if (!IN_SET(t->type, DNS_TYPE_A, DNS_TYPE_AAAA)) {
657                                         found = true;
658                                         break;
659                                 }
660 
661                         if (!found)
662                                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
663                 }
664 
665                 /* Never route things to scopes that lack DNS servers */
666                 if (!dns_scope_get_dns_server(s))
667                         return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
668 
669                 /* Always honour search domains for routing queries, except if this scope lacks DNS servers. Note that
670                  * we return DNS_SCOPE_YES here, rather than just DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE, which means other wildcard scopes
671                  * won't be considered anymore. */
672                 LIST_FOREACH(domains, d, dns_scope_get_search_domains(s)) {
673 
674                         if (!d->route_only && !dns_name_is_root(d->name))
675                                 has_search_domains = true;
676 
677                         if (dns_name_endswith(domain, d->name) > 0) {
678                                 int c;
679 
680                                 c = dns_name_count_labels(d->name);
681                                 if (c < 0)
682                                         continue;
683 
684                                 if (c > n_best)
685                                         n_best = c;
686                         }
687                 }
688 
689                 /* If there's a true search domain defined for this scope, and the query is single-label,
690                  * then let's resolve things here, prefereably. Note that LLMNR considers itself
691                  * authoritative for single-label names too, at the same preference, see below. */
692                 if (has_search_domains && dns_name_is_single_label(domain))
693                         return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 1;
694 
695                 /* Let's return the number of labels in the best matching result */
696                 if (n_best >= 0) {
697                         assert(n_best <= DNS_SCOPE_YES_END - DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE);
698                         return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + n_best;
699                 }
700 
701                 /* Exclude link-local IP ranges */
702                 if (match_link_local_reverse_lookups(domain) >= DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE ||
703                     /* If networks use .local in their private setups, they are supposed to also add .local
704                      * to their search domains, which we already checked above. Otherwise, we consider .local
705                      * specific to mDNS and won't send such queries ordinary DNS servers. */
706                     dns_name_endswith(domain, "local") > 0)
707                         return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
708 
709                 /* If the IP address to look up matches the local subnet, then implicitly synthesizes
710                  * DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 0 on this interface, i.e. preferably resolve IP addresses via the DNS
711                  * server belonging to this interface. */
712                 m = match_subnet_reverse_lookups(s, domain, false);
713                 if (m >= 0)
714                         return m;
715 
716                 /* If there was no match at all, then see if this scope is suitable as default route. */
717                 if (!dns_scope_is_default_route(s))
718                         return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
719 
720                 return DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE;
721         }
722 
723         case DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS: {
724                 DnsScopeMatch m;
725 
726                 m = match_link_local_reverse_lookups(domain);
727                 if (m >= 0)
728                         return m;
729 
730                 m = match_subnet_reverse_lookups(s, domain, true);
731                 if (m >= 0)
732                         return m;
733 
734                 if ((s->family == AF_INET && dns_name_endswith(domain, "in-addr.arpa") > 0) ||
735                     (s->family == AF_INET6 && dns_name_endswith(domain, "ip6.arpa") > 0))
736                         return DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE;
737 
738                 if ((dns_name_endswith(domain, "local") > 0 && /* only resolve names ending in .local via mDNS */
739                      dns_name_equal(domain, "local") == 0 &&   /* but not the single-label "local" name itself */
740                      manager_is_own_hostname(s->manager, domain) <= 0)) /* never resolve the local hostname via mDNS */
741                         return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 1; /* Return +1, as the top-level .local domain matches, i.e. one label */
742 
743                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
744         }
745 
746         case DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR: {
747                 DnsScopeMatch m;
748 
749                 m = match_link_local_reverse_lookups(domain);
750                 if (m >= 0)
751                         return m;
752 
753                 m = match_subnet_reverse_lookups(s, domain, true);
754                 if (m >= 0)
755                         return m;
756 
757                 if ((s->family == AF_INET && dns_name_endswith(domain, "in-addr.arpa") > 0) ||
758                     (s->family == AF_INET6 && dns_name_endswith(domain, "ip6.arpa") > 0))
759                         return DNS_SCOPE_MAYBE;
760 
761                 if ((dns_name_is_single_label(domain) && /* only resolve single label names via LLMNR */
762                      !is_gateway_hostname(domain) && /* don't resolve "_gateway" with LLMNR, let local synthesizing logic handle that */
763                      !is_outbound_hostname(domain) && /* similar for "_outbound" */
764                      dns_name_equal(domain, "local") == 0 && /* don't resolve "local" with LLMNR, it's the top-level domain of mDNS after all, see above */
765                      manager_is_own_hostname(s->manager, domain) <= 0))  /* never resolve the local hostname via LLMNR */
766                         return DNS_SCOPE_YES_BASE + 1; /* Return +1, as we consider ourselves authoritative
767                                                         * for single-label names, i.e. one label. This is
768                                                         * particularly relevant as it means a "." route on some
769                                                         * other scope won't pull all traffic away from
770                                                         * us. (If people actually want to pull traffic away
771                                                         * from us they should turn off LLMNR on the
772                                                         * link). Note that unicast DNS scopes with search
773                                                         * domains also consider themselves authoritative for
774                                                         * single-label domains, at the same preference (see
775                                                         * above). */
776 
777                 return DNS_SCOPE_NO;
778         }
779 
780         default:
781                 assert_not_reached();
782         }
783 }
784 
dns_scope_good_key(DnsScope * s,const DnsResourceKey * key)785 bool dns_scope_good_key(DnsScope *s, const DnsResourceKey *key) {
786         int key_family;
787 
788         assert(s);
789         assert(key);
790 
791         /* Check if it makes sense to resolve the specified key on this scope. Note that this call assumes a
792          * fully qualified name, i.e. the search suffixes already appended. */
793 
794         if (!IN_SET(key->class, DNS_CLASS_IN, DNS_CLASS_ANY))
795                 return false;
796 
797         if (s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS) {
798 
799                 /* On classic DNS, looking up non-address RRs is always fine. (Specifically, we want to
800                  * permit looking up DNSKEY and DS records on the root and top-level domains.) */
801                 if (!dns_resource_key_is_address(key))
802                         return true;
803 
804                 /* Unless explicitly overridden, we refuse to look up A and AAAA RRs on the root and
805                  * single-label domains, under the assumption that those should be resolved via LLMNR or
806                  * search path only, and should not be leaked onto the internet. */
807                 const char* name = dns_resource_key_name(key);
808 
809                 if (!s->manager->resolve_unicast_single_label &&
810                     dns_name_is_single_label(name))
811                         return false;
812 
813                 return !dns_name_is_root(name);
814         }
815 
816         /* Never route DNSSEC RR queries to LLMNR/mDNS scopes */
817         if (dns_type_is_dnssec(key->type))
818                 return false;
819 
820         /* On mDNS and LLMNR, send A and AAAA queries only on the respective scopes */
821 
822         key_family = dns_type_to_af(key->type);
823         if (key_family < 0)
824                 return true;
825 
826         return key_family == s->family;
827 }
828 
dns_scope_multicast_membership(DnsScope * s,bool b,struct in_addr in,struct in6_addr in6)829 static int dns_scope_multicast_membership(DnsScope *s, bool b, struct in_addr in, struct in6_addr in6) {
830         int fd;
831 
832         assert(s);
833         assert(s->link);
834 
835         if (s->family == AF_INET) {
836                 struct ip_mreqn mreqn = {
837                         .imr_multiaddr = in,
838                         .imr_ifindex = s->link->ifindex,
839                 };
840 
841                 if (s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR)
842                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv4_udp_fd(s->manager);
843                 else
844                         fd = manager_mdns_ipv4_fd(s->manager);
845 
846                 if (fd < 0)
847                         return fd;
848 
849                 /* Always first try to drop membership before we add
850                  * one. This is necessary on some devices, such as
851                  * veth. */
852                 if (b)
853                         (void) setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &mreqn, sizeof(mreqn));
854 
855                 if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, b ? IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP : IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &mreqn, sizeof(mreqn)) < 0)
856                         return -errno;
857 
858         } else if (s->family == AF_INET6) {
859                 struct ipv6_mreq mreq = {
860                         .ipv6mr_multiaddr = in6,
861                         .ipv6mr_interface = s->link->ifindex,
862                 };
863 
864                 if (s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR)
865                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv6_udp_fd(s->manager);
866                 else
867                         fd = manager_mdns_ipv6_fd(s->manager);
868 
869                 if (fd < 0)
870                         return fd;
871 
872                 if (b)
873                         (void) setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &mreq, sizeof(mreq));
874 
875                 if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, b ? IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP : IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &mreq, sizeof(mreq)) < 0)
876                         return -errno;
877         } else
878                 return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
879 
880         return 0;
881 }
882 
dns_scope_llmnr_membership(DnsScope * s,bool b)883 int dns_scope_llmnr_membership(DnsScope *s, bool b) {
884         assert(s);
885 
886         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR)
887                 return 0;
888 
889         return dns_scope_multicast_membership(s, b, LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS, LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS);
890 }
891 
dns_scope_mdns_membership(DnsScope * s,bool b)892 int dns_scope_mdns_membership(DnsScope *s, bool b) {
893         assert(s);
894 
895         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS)
896                 return 0;
897 
898         return dns_scope_multicast_membership(s, b, MDNS_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS, MDNS_MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS);
899 }
900 
dns_scope_make_reply_packet(DnsScope * s,uint16_t id,int rcode,DnsQuestion * q,DnsAnswer * answer,DnsAnswer * soa,bool tentative,DnsPacket ** ret)901 int dns_scope_make_reply_packet(
902                 DnsScope *s,
903                 uint16_t id,
904                 int rcode,
905                 DnsQuestion *q,
906                 DnsAnswer *answer,
907                 DnsAnswer *soa,
908                 bool tentative,
909                 DnsPacket **ret) {
910 
911         _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *p = NULL;
912         unsigned n_answer = 0, n_soa = 0;
913         int r;
914         bool c_or_aa;
915 
916         assert(s);
917         assert(ret);
918 
919         if (dns_question_isempty(q) &&
920             dns_answer_isempty(answer) &&
921             dns_answer_isempty(soa))
922                 return -EINVAL;
923 
924         r = dns_packet_new(&p, s->protocol, 0, DNS_PACKET_SIZE_MAX);
925         if (r < 0)
926                 return r;
927 
928         /* mDNS answers must have the Authoritative Answer bit set, see RFC 6762, section 18.4. */
929         c_or_aa = s->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS;
930 
931         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->id = id;
932         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->flags = htobe16(DNS_PACKET_MAKE_FLAGS(
933                                                               1 /* qr */,
934                                                               0 /* opcode */,
935                                                               c_or_aa,
936                                                               0 /* tc */,
937                                                               tentative,
938                                                               0 /* (ra) */,
939                                                               0 /* (ad) */,
940                                                               0 /* (cd) */,
941                                                               rcode));
942 
943         r = dns_packet_append_question(p, q);
944         if (r < 0)
945                 return r;
946         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->qdcount = htobe16(dns_question_size(q));
947 
948         r = dns_packet_append_answer(p, answer, &n_answer);
949         if (r < 0)
950                 return r;
951         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->ancount = htobe16(n_answer);
952 
953         r = dns_packet_append_answer(p, soa, &n_soa);
954         if (r < 0)
955                 return r;
956         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->arcount = htobe16(n_soa);
957 
958         *ret = TAKE_PTR(p);
959 
960         return 0;
961 }
962 
dns_scope_verify_conflicts(DnsScope * s,DnsPacket * p)963 static void dns_scope_verify_conflicts(DnsScope *s, DnsPacket *p) {
964         DnsResourceRecord *rr;
965         DnsResourceKey *key;
966 
967         assert(s);
968         assert(p);
969 
970         DNS_QUESTION_FOREACH(key, p->question)
971                 dns_zone_verify_conflicts(&s->zone, key);
972 
973         DNS_ANSWER_FOREACH(rr, p->answer)
974                 dns_zone_verify_conflicts(&s->zone, rr->key);
975 }
976 
dns_scope_process_query(DnsScope * s,DnsStream * stream,DnsPacket * p)977 void dns_scope_process_query(DnsScope *s, DnsStream *stream, DnsPacket *p) {
978         _cleanup_(dns_answer_unrefp) DnsAnswer *answer = NULL, *soa = NULL;
979         _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *reply = NULL;
980         DnsResourceKey *key = NULL;
981         bool tentative = false;
982         int r;
983 
984         assert(s);
985         assert(p);
986 
987         if (p->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR)
988                 return;
989 
990         if (p->ipproto == IPPROTO_UDP) {
991                 /* Don't accept UDP queries directed to anything but
992                  * the LLMNR multicast addresses. See RFC 4795,
993                  * section 2.5. */
994 
995                 if (p->family == AF_INET && !in4_addr_equal(&p->destination.in, &LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS))
996                         return;
997 
998                 if (p->family == AF_INET6 && !in6_addr_equal(&p->destination.in6, &LLMNR_MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS))
999                         return;
1000         }
1001 
1002         r = dns_packet_extract(p);
1003         if (r < 0) {
1004                 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to extract resource records from incoming packet: %m");
1005                 return;
1006         }
1007 
1008         if (DNS_PACKET_LLMNR_C(p)) {
1009                 /* Somebody notified us about a possible conflict */
1010                 dns_scope_verify_conflicts(s, p);
1011                 return;
1012         }
1013 
1014         assert(dns_question_size(p->question) == 1);
1015         key = dns_question_first_key(p->question);
1016 
1017         r = dns_zone_lookup(&s->zone, key, 0, &answer, &soa, &tentative);
1018         if (r < 0) {
1019                 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to look up key: %m");
1020                 return;
1021         }
1022         if (r == 0)
1023                 return;
1024 
1025         if (answer)
1026                 dns_answer_order_by_scope(answer, in_addr_is_link_local(p->family, &p->sender) > 0);
1027 
1028         r = dns_scope_make_reply_packet(s, DNS_PACKET_ID(p), DNS_RCODE_SUCCESS, p->question, answer, soa, tentative, &reply);
1029         if (r < 0) {
1030                 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to build reply packet: %m");
1031                 return;
1032         }
1033 
1034         if (stream) {
1035                 r = dns_stream_write_packet(stream, reply);
1036                 if (r < 0) {
1037                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to enqueue reply packet: %m");
1038                         return;
1039                 }
1040 
1041                 /* Let's take an extra reference on this stream, so that it stays around after returning. The reference
1042                  * will be dangling until the stream is disconnected, and the default completion handler of the stream
1043                  * will then unref the stream and destroy it */
1044                 if (DNS_STREAM_QUEUED(stream))
1045                         dns_stream_ref(stream);
1046         } else {
1047                 int fd;
1048 
1049                 if (!ratelimit_below(&s->ratelimit))
1050                         return;
1051 
1052                 if (p->family == AF_INET)
1053                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv4_udp_fd(s->manager);
1054                 else if (p->family == AF_INET6)
1055                         fd = manager_llmnr_ipv6_udp_fd(s->manager);
1056                 else {
1057                         log_debug("Unknown protocol");
1058                         return;
1059                 }
1060                 if (fd < 0) {
1061                         log_debug_errno(fd, "Failed to get reply socket: %m");
1062                         return;
1063                 }
1064 
1065                 /* Note that we always immediately reply to all LLMNR
1066                  * requests, and do not wait any time, since we
1067                  * verified uniqueness for all records. Also see RFC
1068                  * 4795, Section 2.7 */
1069 
1070                 r = manager_send(s->manager, fd, p->ifindex, p->family, &p->sender, p->sender_port, NULL, reply);
1071                 if (r < 0) {
1072                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to send reply packet: %m");
1073                         return;
1074                 }
1075         }
1076 }
1077 
dns_scope_find_transaction(DnsScope * scope,DnsResourceKey * key,uint64_t query_flags)1078 DnsTransaction *dns_scope_find_transaction(
1079                 DnsScope *scope,
1080                 DnsResourceKey *key,
1081                 uint64_t query_flags) {
1082 
1083         DnsTransaction *first;
1084 
1085         assert(scope);
1086         assert(key);
1087 
1088         /* Iterate through the list of transactions with a matching key */
1089         first = hashmap_get(scope->transactions_by_key, key);
1090         LIST_FOREACH(transactions_by_key, t, first) {
1091 
1092                 /* These four flags must match exactly: we cannot use a validated response for a
1093                  * non-validating client, and we cannot use a non-validated response for a validating
1094                  * client. Similar, if the sources don't match things aren't usable either. */
1095                 if (((query_flags ^ t->query_flags) &
1096                      (SD_RESOLVED_NO_VALIDATE|
1097                      SD_RESOLVED_NO_ZONE|
1098                       SD_RESOLVED_NO_TRUST_ANCHOR|
1099                       SD_RESOLVED_NO_NETWORK)) != 0)
1100                         continue;
1101 
1102                 /* We can reuse a primary query if a regular one is requested, but not vice versa */
1103                 if ((query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_REQUIRE_PRIMARY) &&
1104                     !(t->query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_REQUIRE_PRIMARY))
1105                         continue;
1106 
1107                 /* Don't reuse a transaction that allowed caching when we got told not to use it */
1108                 if ((query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_NO_CACHE) &&
1109                     !(t->query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_NO_CACHE))
1110                         continue;
1111 
1112                 /* If we are asked to clamp ttls an the existing transaction doesn't do it, we can't
1113                  * reuse */
1114                 if ((query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_CLAMP_TTL) &&
1115                     !(t->query_flags & SD_RESOLVED_CLAMP_TTL))
1116                         continue;
1117 
1118                 return t;
1119         }
1120 
1121         return NULL;
1122 }
1123 
dns_scope_make_conflict_packet(DnsScope * s,DnsResourceRecord * rr,DnsPacket ** ret)1124 static int dns_scope_make_conflict_packet(
1125                 DnsScope *s,
1126                 DnsResourceRecord *rr,
1127                 DnsPacket **ret) {
1128 
1129         _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *p = NULL;
1130         int r;
1131 
1132         assert(s);
1133         assert(rr);
1134         assert(ret);
1135 
1136         r = dns_packet_new(&p, s->protocol, 0, DNS_PACKET_SIZE_MAX);
1137         if (r < 0)
1138                 return r;
1139 
1140         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->flags = htobe16(DNS_PACKET_MAKE_FLAGS(
1141                                                               0 /* qr */,
1142                                                               0 /* opcode */,
1143                                                               1 /* conflict */,
1144                                                               0 /* tc */,
1145                                                               0 /* t */,
1146                                                               0 /* (ra) */,
1147                                                               0 /* (ad) */,
1148                                                               0 /* (cd) */,
1149                                                               0));
1150 
1151         /* For mDNS, the transaction ID should always be 0 */
1152         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS)
1153                 random_bytes(&DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->id, sizeof(uint16_t));
1154 
1155         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->qdcount = htobe16(1);
1156         DNS_PACKET_HEADER(p)->arcount = htobe16(1);
1157 
1158         r = dns_packet_append_key(p, rr->key, 0, NULL);
1159         if (r < 0)
1160                 return r;
1161 
1162         r = dns_packet_append_rr(p, rr, 0, NULL, NULL);
1163         if (r < 0)
1164                 return r;
1165 
1166         *ret = TAKE_PTR(p);
1167 
1168         return 0;
1169 }
1170 
on_conflict_dispatch(sd_event_source * es,usec_t usec,void * userdata)1171 static int on_conflict_dispatch(sd_event_source *es, usec_t usec, void *userdata) {
1172         DnsScope *scope = userdata;
1173         int r;
1174 
1175         assert(es);
1176         assert(scope);
1177 
1178         scope->conflict_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(scope->conflict_event_source);
1179 
1180         for (;;) {
1181                 _cleanup_(dns_resource_key_unrefp) DnsResourceKey *key = NULL;
1182                 _cleanup_(dns_resource_record_unrefp) DnsResourceRecord *rr = NULL;
1183                 _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *p = NULL;
1184 
1185                 key = ordered_hashmap_first_key(scope->conflict_queue);
1186                 if (!key)
1187                         break;
1188 
1189                 rr = ordered_hashmap_remove(scope->conflict_queue, key);
1190                 assert(rr);
1191 
1192                 r = dns_scope_make_conflict_packet(scope, rr, &p);
1193                 if (r < 0) {
1194                         log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make conflict packet: %m");
1195                         return 0;
1196                 }
1197 
1198                 r = dns_scope_emit_udp(scope, -1, AF_UNSPEC, p);
1199                 if (r < 0)
1200                         log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to send conflict packet: %m");
1201         }
1202 
1203         return 0;
1204 }
1205 
dns_scope_notify_conflict(DnsScope * scope,DnsResourceRecord * rr)1206 int dns_scope_notify_conflict(DnsScope *scope, DnsResourceRecord *rr) {
1207         usec_t jitter;
1208         int r;
1209 
1210         assert(scope);
1211         assert(rr);
1212 
1213         /* We don't send these queries immediately. Instead, we queue
1214          * them, and send them after some jitter delay. */
1215         r = ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&scope->conflict_queue, &dns_resource_key_hash_ops);
1216         if (r < 0) {
1217                 log_oom();
1218                 return r;
1219         }
1220 
1221         /* We only place one RR per key in the conflict
1222          * messages, not all of them. That should be enough to
1223          * indicate where there might be a conflict */
1224         r = ordered_hashmap_put(scope->conflict_queue, rr->key, rr);
1225         if (IN_SET(r, 0, -EEXIST))
1226                 return 0;
1227         if (r < 0)
1228                 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to queue conflicting RR: %m");
1229 
1230         dns_resource_key_ref(rr->key);
1231         dns_resource_record_ref(rr);
1232 
1233         if (scope->conflict_event_source)
1234                 return 0;
1235 
1236         random_bytes(&jitter, sizeof(jitter));
1237         jitter %= LLMNR_JITTER_INTERVAL_USEC;
1238 
1239         r = sd_event_add_time_relative(
1240                         scope->manager->event,
1241                         &scope->conflict_event_source,
1242                         CLOCK_BOOTTIME,
1243                         jitter,
1244                         LLMNR_JITTER_INTERVAL_USEC,
1245                         on_conflict_dispatch, scope);
1246         if (r < 0)
1247                 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add conflict dispatch event: %m");
1248 
1249         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(scope->conflict_event_source, "scope-conflict");
1250 
1251         return 0;
1252 }
1253 
dns_scope_check_conflicts(DnsScope * scope,DnsPacket * p)1254 void dns_scope_check_conflicts(DnsScope *scope, DnsPacket *p) {
1255         DnsResourceRecord *rr;
1256         int r;
1257 
1258         assert(scope);
1259         assert(p);
1260 
1261         if (!IN_SET(p->protocol, DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR, DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS))
1262                 return;
1263 
1264         if (DNS_PACKET_RRCOUNT(p) <= 0)
1265                 return;
1266 
1267         if (p->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_LLMNR) {
1268                 if (DNS_PACKET_LLMNR_C(p) != 0)
1269                         return;
1270 
1271                 if (DNS_PACKET_LLMNR_T(p) != 0)
1272                         return;
1273         }
1274 
1275         if (manager_packet_from_local_address(scope->manager, p))
1276                 return;
1277 
1278         r = dns_packet_extract(p);
1279         if (r < 0) {
1280                 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to extract packet: %m");
1281                 return;
1282         }
1283 
1284         log_debug("Checking for conflicts...");
1285 
1286         DNS_ANSWER_FOREACH(rr, p->answer) {
1287                 /* No conflict if it is DNS-SD RR used for service enumeration. */
1288                 if (dns_resource_key_is_dnssd_ptr(rr->key))
1289                         continue;
1290 
1291                 /* Check for conflicts against the local zone. If we
1292                  * found one, we won't check any further */
1293                 r = dns_zone_check_conflicts(&scope->zone, rr);
1294                 if (r != 0)
1295                         continue;
1296 
1297                 /* Check for conflicts against the local cache. If so,
1298                  * send out an advisory query, to inform everybody */
1299                 r = dns_cache_check_conflicts(&scope->cache, rr, p->family, &p->sender);
1300                 if (r <= 0)
1301                         continue;
1302 
1303                 dns_scope_notify_conflict(scope, rr);
1304         }
1305 }
1306 
dns_scope_dump(DnsScope * s,FILE * f)1307 void dns_scope_dump(DnsScope *s, FILE *f) {
1308         assert(s);
1309 
1310         if (!f)
1311                 f = stdout;
1312 
1313         fputs("[Scope protocol=", f);
1314         fputs(dns_protocol_to_string(s->protocol), f);
1315 
1316         if (s->link) {
1317                 fputs(" interface=", f);
1318                 fputs(s->link->ifname, f);
1319         }
1320 
1321         if (s->family != AF_UNSPEC) {
1322                 fputs(" family=", f);
1323                 fputs(af_to_name(s->family), f);
1324         }
1325 
1326         fputs("]\n", f);
1327 
1328         if (!dns_zone_is_empty(&s->zone)) {
1329                 fputs("ZONE:\n", f);
1330                 dns_zone_dump(&s->zone, f);
1331         }
1332 
1333         if (!dns_cache_is_empty(&s->cache)) {
1334                 fputs("CACHE:\n", f);
1335                 dns_cache_dump(&s->cache, f);
1336         }
1337 }
1338 
dns_scope_get_search_domains(DnsScope * s)1339 DnsSearchDomain *dns_scope_get_search_domains(DnsScope *s) {
1340         assert(s);
1341 
1342         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
1343                 return NULL;
1344 
1345         if (s->link)
1346                 return s->link->search_domains;
1347 
1348         return s->manager->search_domains;
1349 }
1350 
dns_scope_name_wants_search_domain(DnsScope * s,const char * name)1351 bool dns_scope_name_wants_search_domain(DnsScope *s, const char *name) {
1352         assert(s);
1353 
1354         if (s->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
1355                 return false;
1356 
1357         return dns_name_is_single_label(name);
1358 }
1359 
dns_scope_network_good(DnsScope * s)1360 bool dns_scope_network_good(DnsScope *s) {
1361         /* Checks whether the network is in good state for lookups on this scope. For mDNS/LLMNR/Classic DNS scopes
1362          * bound to links this is easy, as they don't even exist if the link isn't in a suitable state. For the global
1363          * DNS scope we check whether there are any links that are up and have an address.
1364          *
1365          * Note that Linux routing is complex and even systems that superficially have no IPv4 address might
1366          * be able to route IPv4 (and similar for IPv6), hence let's make a check here independent of address
1367          * family. */
1368 
1369         if (s->link)
1370                 return true;
1371 
1372         return manager_routable(s->manager);
1373 }
1374 
dns_scope_ifindex(DnsScope * s)1375 int dns_scope_ifindex(DnsScope *s) {
1376         assert(s);
1377 
1378         if (s->link)
1379                 return s->link->ifindex;
1380 
1381         return 0;
1382 }
1383 
on_announcement_timeout(sd_event_source * s,usec_t usec,void * userdata)1384 static int on_announcement_timeout(sd_event_source *s, usec_t usec, void *userdata) {
1385         DnsScope *scope = userdata;
1386 
1387         assert(s);
1388 
1389         scope->announce_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(scope->announce_event_source);
1390 
1391         (void) dns_scope_announce(scope, false);
1392         return 0;
1393 }
1394 
dns_scope_announce(DnsScope * scope,bool goodbye)1395 int dns_scope_announce(DnsScope *scope, bool goodbye) {
1396         _cleanup_(dns_answer_unrefp) DnsAnswer *answer = NULL;
1397         _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *p = NULL;
1398         _cleanup_set_free_ Set *types = NULL;
1399         DnsZoneItem *z;
1400         unsigned size = 0;
1401         char *service_type;
1402         int r;
1403 
1404         if (!scope)
1405                 return 0;
1406 
1407         if (scope->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_MDNS)
1408                 return 0;
1409 
1410         /* Check if we're done with probing. */
1411         LIST_FOREACH(transactions_by_scope, t, scope->transactions)
1412                 if (DNS_TRANSACTION_IS_LIVE(t->state))
1413                         return 0;
1414 
1415         /* Check if there're services pending conflict resolution. */
1416         if (manager_next_dnssd_names(scope->manager))
1417                 return 0; /* we reach this point only if changing hostname didn't help */
1418 
1419         /* Calculate answer's size. */
1420         HASHMAP_FOREACH(z, scope->zone.by_key) {
1421                 if (z->state != DNS_ZONE_ITEM_ESTABLISHED)
1422                         continue;
1423 
1424                 if (z->rr->key->type == DNS_TYPE_PTR &&
1425                     !dns_zone_contains_name(&scope->zone, z->rr->ptr.name)) {
1426                         char key_str[DNS_RESOURCE_KEY_STRING_MAX];
1427 
1428                         log_debug("Skip PTR RR <%s> since its counterparts seem to be withdrawn", dns_resource_key_to_string(z->rr->key, key_str, sizeof key_str));
1429                         z->state = DNS_ZONE_ITEM_WITHDRAWN;
1430                         continue;
1431                 }
1432 
1433                 /* Collect service types for _services._dns-sd._udp.local RRs in a set */
1434                 if (!scope->announced &&
1435                     dns_resource_key_is_dnssd_ptr(z->rr->key)) {
1436                         if (!set_contains(types, dns_resource_key_name(z->rr->key))) {
1437                                 r = set_ensure_put(&types, &dns_name_hash_ops, dns_resource_key_name(z->rr->key));
1438                                 if (r < 0)
1439                                         return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add item to set: %m");
1440                         }
1441                 }
1442 
1443                 LIST_FOREACH(by_key, i, z)
1444                         size++;
1445         }
1446 
1447         answer = dns_answer_new(size + set_size(types));
1448         if (!answer)
1449                 return log_oom();
1450 
1451         /* Second iteration, actually add RRs to the answer. */
1452         HASHMAP_FOREACH(z, scope->zone.by_key)
1453                 LIST_FOREACH (by_key, i, z) {
1454                         DnsAnswerFlags flags;
1455 
1456                         if (i->state != DNS_ZONE_ITEM_ESTABLISHED)
1457                                 continue;
1458 
1459                         if (dns_resource_key_is_dnssd_ptr(i->rr->key))
1460                                 flags = goodbye ? DNS_ANSWER_GOODBYE : 0;
1461                         else
1462                                 flags = goodbye ? (DNS_ANSWER_GOODBYE|DNS_ANSWER_CACHE_FLUSH) : DNS_ANSWER_CACHE_FLUSH;
1463 
1464                         r = dns_answer_add(answer, i->rr, 0, flags, NULL);
1465                         if (r < 0)
1466                                 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add RR to announce: %m");
1467                 }
1468 
1469         /* Since all the active services are in the zone make them discoverable now. */
1470         SET_FOREACH(service_type, types) {
1471                 _cleanup_(dns_resource_record_unrefp) DnsResourceRecord *rr = NULL;
1472 
1473                 rr = dns_resource_record_new_full(DNS_CLASS_IN, DNS_TYPE_PTR,
1474                                                   "_services._dns-sd._udp.local");
1475                 if (!rr)
1476                         return log_oom();
1477 
1478                 rr->ptr.name = strdup(service_type);
1479                 if (!rr->ptr.name)
1480                         return log_oom();
1481 
1482                 rr->ttl = MDNS_DEFAULT_TTL;
1483 
1484                 r = dns_zone_put(&scope->zone, scope, rr, false);
1485                 if (r < 0)
1486                         log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to add DNS-SD PTR record to MDNS zone, ignoring: %m");
1487 
1488                 r = dns_answer_add(answer, rr, 0, 0, NULL);
1489                 if (r < 0)
1490                         return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add RR to announce: %m");
1491         }
1492 
1493         if (dns_answer_isempty(answer))
1494                 return 0;
1495 
1496         r = dns_scope_make_reply_packet(scope, 0, DNS_RCODE_SUCCESS, NULL, answer, NULL, false, &p);
1497         if (r < 0)
1498                 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to build reply packet: %m");
1499 
1500         r = dns_scope_emit_udp(scope, -1, AF_UNSPEC, p);
1501         if (r < 0)
1502                 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to send reply packet: %m");
1503 
1504         /* In section 8.3 of RFC6762: "The Multicast DNS responder MUST send at least two unsolicited
1505          * responses, one second apart." */
1506         if (!scope->announced) {
1507                 scope->announced = true;
1508 
1509                 r = sd_event_add_time_relative(
1510                                 scope->manager->event,
1511                                 &scope->announce_event_source,
1512                                 CLOCK_BOOTTIME,
1513                                 MDNS_ANNOUNCE_DELAY,
1514                                 MDNS_JITTER_RANGE_USEC,
1515                                 on_announcement_timeout, scope);
1516                 if (r < 0)
1517                         return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to schedule second announcement: %m");
1518 
1519                 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(scope->announce_event_source, "mdns-announce");
1520         }
1521 
1522         return 0;
1523 }
1524 
dns_scope_add_dnssd_services(DnsScope * scope)1525 int dns_scope_add_dnssd_services(DnsScope *scope) {
1526         DnssdService *service;
1527         int r;
1528 
1529         assert(scope);
1530 
1531         if (hashmap_size(scope->manager->dnssd_services) == 0)
1532                 return 0;
1533 
1534         scope->announced = false;
1535 
1536         HASHMAP_FOREACH(service, scope->manager->dnssd_services) {
1537                 service->withdrawn = false;
1538 
1539                 r = dns_zone_put(&scope->zone, scope, service->ptr_rr, false);
1540                 if (r < 0)
1541                         log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to add PTR record to MDNS zone: %m");
1542 
1543                 r = dns_zone_put(&scope->zone, scope, service->srv_rr, true);
1544                 if (r < 0)
1545                         log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to add SRV record to MDNS zone: %m");
1546 
1547                 LIST_FOREACH(items, txt_data, service->txt_data_items) {
1548                         r = dns_zone_put(&scope->zone, scope, txt_data->rr, true);
1549                         if (r < 0)
1550                                 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to add TXT record to MDNS zone: %m");
1551                 }
1552         }
1553 
1554         return 0;
1555 }
1556 
dns_scope_remove_dnssd_services(DnsScope * scope)1557 int dns_scope_remove_dnssd_services(DnsScope *scope) {
1558         _cleanup_(dns_resource_key_unrefp) DnsResourceKey *key = NULL;
1559         DnssdService *service;
1560         int r;
1561 
1562         assert(scope);
1563 
1564         key = dns_resource_key_new(DNS_CLASS_IN, DNS_TYPE_PTR,
1565                                    "_services._dns-sd._udp.local");
1566         if (!key)
1567                 return log_oom();
1568 
1569         r = dns_zone_remove_rrs_by_key(&scope->zone, key);
1570         if (r < 0)
1571                 return r;
1572 
1573         HASHMAP_FOREACH(service, scope->manager->dnssd_services) {
1574                 dns_zone_remove_rr(&scope->zone, service->ptr_rr);
1575                 dns_zone_remove_rr(&scope->zone, service->srv_rr);
1576                 LIST_FOREACH(items, txt_data, service->txt_data_items)
1577                         dns_zone_remove_rr(&scope->zone, txt_data->rr);
1578         }
1579 
1580         return 0;
1581 }
1582 
dns_scope_has_route_only_domains(DnsScope * scope)1583 static bool dns_scope_has_route_only_domains(DnsScope *scope) {
1584         DnsSearchDomain *first;
1585         bool route_only = false;
1586 
1587         assert(scope);
1588         assert(scope->protocol == DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS);
1589 
1590         /* Returns 'true' if this scope is suitable for queries to specific domains only. For that we check
1591          * if there are any route-only domains on this interface, as a heuristic to discern VPN-style links
1592          * from non-VPN-style links. Returns 'false' for all other cases, i.e. if the scope is intended to
1593          * take queries to arbitrary domains, i.e. has no routing domains set. */
1594 
1595         if (scope->link)
1596                 first = scope->link->search_domains;
1597         else
1598                 first = scope->manager->search_domains;
1599 
1600         LIST_FOREACH(domains, domain, first) {
1601                 /* "." means "any domain", thus the interface takes any kind of traffic. Thus, we exit early
1602                  * here, as it doesn't really matter whether this link has any route-only domains or not,
1603                  * "~."  really trumps everything and clearly indicates that this interface shall receive all
1604                  * traffic it can get. */
1605                 if (dns_name_is_root(DNS_SEARCH_DOMAIN_NAME(domain)))
1606                         return false;
1607 
1608                 if (domain->route_only)
1609                         route_only = true;
1610         }
1611 
1612         return route_only;
1613 }
1614 
dns_scope_is_default_route(DnsScope * scope)1615 bool dns_scope_is_default_route(DnsScope *scope) {
1616         assert(scope);
1617 
1618         /* Only use DNS scopes as default routes */
1619         if (scope->protocol != DNS_PROTOCOL_DNS)
1620                 return false;
1621 
1622         /* The global DNS scope is always suitable as default route */
1623         if (!scope->link)
1624                 return true;
1625 
1626         /* Honour whatever is explicitly configured. This is really the best approach, and trumps any
1627          * automatic logic. */
1628         if (scope->link->default_route >= 0)
1629                 return scope->link->default_route;
1630 
1631         /* Otherwise check if we have any route-only domains, as a sensible heuristic: if so, let's not
1632          * volunteer as default route. */
1633         return !dns_scope_has_route_only_domains(scope);
1634 }
1635