1 /*
2 * builtin-stat.c
3 *
4 * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
5 * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
6 *
7 * Sample output:
8
9 $ perf stat ./hackbench 10
10
11 Time: 0.118
12
13 Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':
14
15 1708.761321 task-clock # 11.037 CPUs utilized
16 41,190 context-switches # 0.024 M/sec
17 6,735 CPU-migrations # 0.004 M/sec
18 17,318 page-faults # 0.010 M/sec
19 5,205,202,243 cycles # 3.046 GHz
20 3,856,436,920 stalled-cycles-frontend # 74.09% frontend cycles idle
21 1,600,790,871 stalled-cycles-backend # 30.75% backend cycles idle
22 2,603,501,247 instructions # 0.50 insns per cycle
23 # 1.48 stalled cycles per insn
24 484,357,498 branches # 283.455 M/sec
25 6,388,934 branch-misses # 1.32% of all branches
26
27 0.154822978 seconds time elapsed
28
29 *
30 * Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
31 *
32 * Improvements and fixes by:
33 *
34 * Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
35 * Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
36 * Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
37 * Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
38 * Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
39 * Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
40 *
41 * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
42 */
43
44 #include "perf.h"
45 #include "builtin.h"
46 #include "util/util.h"
47 #include "util/parse-options.h"
48 #include "util/parse-events.h"
49 #include "util/event.h"
50 #include "util/evlist.h"
51 #include "util/evsel.h"
52 #include "util/debug.h"
53 #include "util/color.h"
54 #include "util/header.h"
55 #include "util/cpumap.h"
56 #include "util/thread.h"
57 #include "util/thread_map.h"
58
59 #include <sys/prctl.h>
60 #include <math.h>
61 #include <locale.h>
62
63 #define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR " "
64 #define CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED "<not supported>"
65 #define CNTR_NOT_COUNTED "<not counted>"
66
67 static struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {
68
69 { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK },
70 { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES },
71 { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS },
72 { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS },
73
74 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES },
75 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND },
76 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND },
77 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS },
78 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS },
79 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES },
80
81 };
82
83 /*
84 * Detailed stats (-d), covering the L1 and last level data caches:
85 */
86 static struct perf_event_attr detailed_attrs[] = {
87
88 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
89 .config =
90 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D << 0 |
91 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
92 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
93
94 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
95 .config =
96 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D << 0 |
97 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
98 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
99
100 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
101 .config =
102 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL << 0 |
103 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
104 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
105
106 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
107 .config =
108 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL << 0 |
109 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
110 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
111 };
112
113 /*
114 * Very detailed stats (-d -d), covering the instruction cache and the TLB caches:
115 */
116 static struct perf_event_attr very_detailed_attrs[] = {
117
118 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
119 .config =
120 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I << 0 |
121 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
122 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
123
124 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
125 .config =
126 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I << 0 |
127 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
128 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
129
130 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
131 .config =
132 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB << 0 |
133 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
134 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
135
136 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
137 .config =
138 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB << 0 |
139 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
140 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
141
142 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
143 .config =
144 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB << 0 |
145 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
146 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
147
148 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
149 .config =
150 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB << 0 |
151 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
152 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
153
154 };
155
156 /*
157 * Very, very detailed stats (-d -d -d), adding prefetch events:
158 */
159 static struct perf_event_attr very_very_detailed_attrs[] = {
160
161 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
162 .config =
163 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D << 0 |
164 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH << 8) |
165 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16) },
166
167 { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
168 .config =
169 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D << 0 |
170 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH << 8) |
171 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16) },
172 };
173
174
175
176 struct perf_evlist *evsel_list;
177
178 static bool system_wide = false;
179 static int run_idx = 0;
180
181 static int run_count = 1;
182 static bool no_inherit = false;
183 static bool scale = true;
184 static bool no_aggr = false;
185 static const char *target_pid;
186 static const char *target_tid;
187 static pid_t child_pid = -1;
188 static bool null_run = false;
189 static int detailed_run = 0;
190 static bool sync_run = false;
191 static bool big_num = true;
192 static int big_num_opt = -1;
193 static const char *cpu_list;
194 static const char *csv_sep = NULL;
195 static bool csv_output = false;
196 static bool group = false;
197 static const char *output_name = NULL;
198 static FILE *output = NULL;
199 static int output_fd;
200
201 static volatile int done = 0;
202
203 struct stats
204 {
205 double n, mean, M2;
206 };
207
208 struct perf_stat {
209 struct stats res_stats[3];
210 };
211
perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel * evsel)212 static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
213 {
214 evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
215 return evsel->priv == NULL ? -ENOMEM : 0;
216 }
217
perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel * evsel)218 static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
219 {
220 free(evsel->priv);
221 evsel->priv = NULL;
222 }
223
update_stats(struct stats * stats,u64 val)224 static void update_stats(struct stats *stats, u64 val)
225 {
226 double delta;
227
228 stats->n++;
229 delta = val - stats->mean;
230 stats->mean += delta / stats->n;
231 stats->M2 += delta*(val - stats->mean);
232 }
233
avg_stats(struct stats * stats)234 static double avg_stats(struct stats *stats)
235 {
236 return stats->mean;
237 }
238
239 /*
240 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
241 *
242 * (\Sum n_i^2) - ((\Sum n_i)^2)/n
243 * s^2 = -------------------------------
244 * n - 1
245 *
246 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stddev
247 *
248 * The std dev of the mean is related to the std dev by:
249 *
250 * s
251 * s_mean = -------
252 * sqrt(n)
253 *
254 */
stddev_stats(struct stats * stats)255 static double stddev_stats(struct stats *stats)
256 {
257 double variance, variance_mean;
258
259 if (!stats->n)
260 return 0.0;
261
262 variance = stats->M2 / (stats->n - 1);
263 variance_mean = variance / stats->n;
264
265 return sqrt(variance_mean);
266 }
267
268 struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
269 struct stats runtime_cycles_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
270 struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
271 struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
272 struct stats runtime_branches_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
273 struct stats runtime_cacherefs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
274 struct stats runtime_l1_dcache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
275 struct stats runtime_l1_icache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
276 struct stats runtime_ll_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
277 struct stats runtime_itlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
278 struct stats runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
279 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
280
create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel * evsel,struct perf_evsel * first)281 static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
282 struct perf_evsel *first)
283 {
284 struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;
285 struct xyarray *group_fd = NULL;
286 bool exclude_guest_missing = false;
287 int ret;
288
289 if (group && evsel != first)
290 group_fd = first->fd;
291
292 if (scale)
293 attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
294 PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;
295
296 attr->inherit = !no_inherit;
297
298 retry:
299 if (exclude_guest_missing)
300 evsel->attr.exclude_guest = evsel->attr.exclude_host = 0;
301
302 if (system_wide) {
303 ret = perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, evsel_list->cpus,
304 group, group_fd);
305 if (ret)
306 goto check_ret;
307 return 0;
308 }
309
310 if (!target_pid && !target_tid && (!group || evsel == first)) {
311 attr->disabled = 1;
312 attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
313 }
314
315 ret = perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads,
316 group, group_fd);
317 if (!ret)
318 return 0;
319 /* fall through */
320 check_ret:
321 if (ret && errno == EINVAL) {
322 if (!exclude_guest_missing &&
323 (evsel->attr.exclude_guest || evsel->attr.exclude_host)) {
324 pr_debug("Old kernel, cannot exclude "
325 "guest or host samples.\n");
326 exclude_guest_missing = true;
327 goto retry;
328 }
329 }
330 return ret;
331 }
332
333 /*
334 * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
335 */
nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel * evsel)336 static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
337 {
338 if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
339 perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
340 return 1;
341
342 return 0;
343 }
344
345 /*
346 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
347 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
348 * instruction rates, etc:
349 */
update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel * counter,u64 * count)350 static void update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 *count)
351 {
352 if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
353 update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[0], count[0]);
354 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
355 update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[0], count[0]);
356 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
357 update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[0], count[0]);
358 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
359 update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[0], count[0]);
360 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
361 update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[0], count[0]);
362 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
363 update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[0], count[0]);
364 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
365 update_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[0], count[0]);
366 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
367 update_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[0], count[0]);
368 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
369 update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
370 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
371 update_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
372 else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
373 update_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
374 }
375
376 /*
377 * Read out the results of a single counter:
378 * aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
379 */
read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel * counter)380 static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
381 {
382 struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
383 u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
384 int i;
385
386 if (__perf_evsel__read(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
387 evsel_list->threads->nr, scale) < 0)
388 return -1;
389
390 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
391 update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);
392
393 if (verbose) {
394 fprintf(output, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
395 event_name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
396 }
397
398 /*
399 * Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
400 */
401 update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
402
403 return 0;
404 }
405
406 /*
407 * Read out the results of a single counter:
408 * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
409 */
read_counter(struct perf_evsel * counter)410 static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
411 {
412 u64 *count;
413 int cpu;
414
415 for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
416 if (__perf_evsel__read_on_cpu(counter, cpu, 0, scale) < 0)
417 return -1;
418
419 count = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].values;
420
421 update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
422 }
423
424 return 0;
425 }
426
run_perf_stat(int argc __used,const char ** argv)427 static int run_perf_stat(int argc __used, const char **argv)
428 {
429 unsigned long long t0, t1;
430 struct perf_evsel *counter, *first;
431 int status = 0;
432 int child_ready_pipe[2], go_pipe[2];
433 const bool forks = (argc > 0);
434 char buf;
435
436 if (forks && (pipe(child_ready_pipe) < 0 || pipe(go_pipe) < 0)) {
437 perror("failed to create pipes");
438 exit(1);
439 }
440
441 if (forks) {
442 if ((child_pid = fork()) < 0)
443 perror("failed to fork");
444
445 if (!child_pid) {
446 close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
447 close(go_pipe[1]);
448 fcntl(go_pipe[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
449
450 /*
451 * Do a dummy execvp to get the PLT entry resolved,
452 * so we avoid the resolver overhead on the real
453 * execvp call.
454 */
455 execvp("", (char **)argv);
456
457 /*
458 * Tell the parent we're ready to go
459 */
460 close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
461
462 /*
463 * Wait until the parent tells us to go.
464 */
465 if (read(go_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
466 perror("unable to read pipe");
467
468 execvp(argv[0], (char **)argv);
469
470 perror(argv[0]);
471 exit(-1);
472 }
473
474 if (!target_tid && !target_pid && !system_wide)
475 evsel_list->threads->map[0] = child_pid;
476
477 /*
478 * Wait for the child to be ready to exec.
479 */
480 close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
481 close(go_pipe[0]);
482 if (read(child_ready_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
483 perror("unable to read pipe");
484 close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
485 }
486
487 first = list_entry(evsel_list->entries.next, struct perf_evsel, node);
488
489 list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
490 if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter, first) < 0) {
491 /*
492 * PPC returns ENXIO for HW counters until 2.6.37
493 * (behavior changed with commit b0a873e).
494 */
495 if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOSYS ||
496 errno == ENOENT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP ||
497 errno == ENXIO) {
498 if (verbose)
499 ui__warning("%s event is not supported by the kernel.\n",
500 event_name(counter));
501 counter->supported = false;
502 continue;
503 }
504
505 if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES) {
506 error("You may not have permission to collect %sstats.\n"
507 "\t Consider tweaking"
508 " /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid or running as root.",
509 system_wide ? "system-wide " : "");
510 } else {
511 error("open_counter returned with %d (%s). "
512 "/bin/dmesg may provide additional information.\n",
513 errno, strerror(errno));
514 }
515 if (child_pid != -1)
516 kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
517 die("Not all events could be opened.\n");
518 return -1;
519 }
520 counter->supported = true;
521 }
522
523 if (perf_evlist__set_filters(evsel_list)) {
524 error("failed to set filter with %d (%s)\n", errno,
525 strerror(errno));
526 return -1;
527 }
528
529 /*
530 * Enable counters and exec the command:
531 */
532 t0 = rdclock();
533
534 if (forks) {
535 close(go_pipe[1]);
536 wait(&status);
537 if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
538 psignal(WTERMSIG(status), argv[0]);
539 } else {
540 while(!done) sleep(1);
541 }
542
543 t1 = rdclock();
544
545 update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);
546
547 if (no_aggr) {
548 list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
549 read_counter(counter);
550 perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr, 1);
551 }
552 } else {
553 list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
554 read_counter_aggr(counter);
555 perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
556 evsel_list->threads->nr);
557 }
558 }
559
560 return WEXITSTATUS(status);
561 }
562
print_noise_pct(double total,double avg)563 static void print_noise_pct(double total, double avg)
564 {
565 double pct = 0.0;
566
567 if (avg)
568 pct = 100.0*total/avg;
569
570 if (csv_output)
571 fprintf(output, "%s%.2f%%", csv_sep, pct);
572 else if (pct)
573 fprintf(output, " ( +-%6.2f%% )", pct);
574 }
575
print_noise(struct perf_evsel * evsel,double avg)576 static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
577 {
578 struct perf_stat *ps;
579
580 if (run_count == 1)
581 return;
582
583 ps = evsel->priv;
584 print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]), avg);
585 }
586
nsec_printout(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel,double avg)587 static void nsec_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
588 {
589 double msecs = avg / 1e6;
590 char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
591 const char *fmt = csv_output ? "%s%.6f%s%s" : "%s%18.6f%s%-25s";
592
593 if (no_aggr)
594 sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
595 csv_output ? 0 : -4,
596 evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
597
598 fprintf(output, fmt, cpustr, msecs, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));
599
600 if (evsel->cgrp)
601 fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
602
603 if (csv_output)
604 return;
605
606 if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
607 fprintf(output, " # %8.3f CPUs utilized ",
608 avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
609 else
610 fprintf(output, " ");
611 }
612
613 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
614 enum grc_type {
615 GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
616 GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
617 GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
618 GRC_MAX_NR
619 };
620
get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type,double ratio)621 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
622 {
623 static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
624 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
625 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
626 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES] = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
627 };
628 const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
629
630 if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
631 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
632 else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
633 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
634 else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
635 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
636
637 return color;
638 }
639
print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)640 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
641 {
642 double total, ratio = 0.0;
643 const char *color;
644
645 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
646
647 if (total)
648 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
649
650 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
651
652 fprintf(output, " # ");
653 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
654 fprintf(output, " frontend cycles idle ");
655 }
656
print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)657 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
658 {
659 double total, ratio = 0.0;
660 const char *color;
661
662 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
663
664 if (total)
665 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
666
667 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
668
669 fprintf(output, " # ");
670 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
671 fprintf(output, " backend cycles idle ");
672 }
673
print_branch_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)674 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
675 {
676 double total, ratio = 0.0;
677 const char *color;
678
679 total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu]);
680
681 if (total)
682 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
683
684 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
685
686 fprintf(output, " # ");
687 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
688 fprintf(output, " of all branches ");
689 }
690
print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)691 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
692 {
693 double total, ratio = 0.0;
694 const char *color;
695
696 total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu]);
697
698 if (total)
699 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
700
701 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
702
703 fprintf(output, " # ");
704 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
705 fprintf(output, " of all L1-dcache hits ");
706 }
707
print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)708 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
709 {
710 double total, ratio = 0.0;
711 const char *color;
712
713 total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu]);
714
715 if (total)
716 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
717
718 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
719
720 fprintf(output, " # ");
721 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
722 fprintf(output, " of all L1-icache hits ");
723 }
724
print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)725 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
726 {
727 double total, ratio = 0.0;
728 const char *color;
729
730 total = avg_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
731
732 if (total)
733 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
734
735 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
736
737 fprintf(output, " # ");
738 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
739 fprintf(output, " of all dTLB cache hits ");
740 }
741
print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)742 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
743 {
744 double total, ratio = 0.0;
745 const char *color;
746
747 total = avg_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
748
749 if (total)
750 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
751
752 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
753
754 fprintf(output, " # ");
755 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
756 fprintf(output, " of all iTLB cache hits ");
757 }
758
print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel __used,double avg)759 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
760 {
761 double total, ratio = 0.0;
762 const char *color;
763
764 total = avg_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu]);
765
766 if (total)
767 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
768
769 color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
770
771 fprintf(output, " # ");
772 color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
773 fprintf(output, " of all LL-cache hits ");
774 }
775
abs_printout(int cpu,struct perf_evsel * evsel,double avg)776 static void abs_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
777 {
778 double total, ratio = 0.0;
779 char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
780 const char *fmt;
781
782 if (csv_output)
783 fmt = "%s%.0f%s%s";
784 else if (big_num)
785 fmt = "%s%'18.0f%s%-25s";
786 else
787 fmt = "%s%18.0f%s%-25s";
788
789 if (no_aggr)
790 sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
791 csv_output ? 0 : -4,
792 evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
793 else
794 cpu = 0;
795
796 fprintf(output, fmt, cpustr, avg, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));
797
798 if (evsel->cgrp)
799 fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
800
801 if (csv_output)
802 return;
803
804 if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
805 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
806
807 if (total)
808 ratio = avg / total;
809
810 fprintf(output, " # %5.2f insns per cycle ", ratio);
811
812 total = avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[cpu]);
813 total = max(total, avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[cpu]));
814
815 if (total && avg) {
816 ratio = total / avg;
817 fprintf(output, "\n # %5.2f stalled cycles per insn", ratio);
818 }
819
820 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES) &&
821 runtime_branches_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
822 print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
823 } else if (
824 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
825 evsel->attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
826 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
827 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
828 runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
829 print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
830 } else if (
831 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
832 evsel->attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
833 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
834 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
835 runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
836 print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
837 } else if (
838 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
839 evsel->attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
840 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
841 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
842 runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
843 print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
844 } else if (
845 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
846 evsel->attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
847 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
848 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
849 runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
850 print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
851 } else if (
852 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
853 evsel->attr.config == ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
854 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
855 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
856 runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
857 print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
858 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES) &&
859 runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
860 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu]);
861
862 if (total)
863 ratio = avg * 100 / total;
864
865 fprintf(output, " # %8.3f %% of all cache refs ", ratio);
866
867 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
868 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg);
869 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
870 print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg);
871 } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
872 total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
873
874 if (total)
875 ratio = 1.0 * avg / total;
876
877 fprintf(output, " # %8.3f GHz ", ratio);
878 } else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
879 char unit = 'M';
880
881 total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
882
883 if (total)
884 ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
885 if (ratio < 0.001) {
886 ratio *= 1000;
887 unit = 'K';
888 }
889
890 fprintf(output, " # %8.3f %c/sec ", ratio, unit);
891 } else {
892 fprintf(output, " ");
893 }
894 }
895
896 /*
897 * Print out the results of a single counter:
898 * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
899 */
print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel * counter)900 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
901 {
902 struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
903 double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
904 int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;
905
906 if (scaled == -1) {
907 fprintf(output, "%*s%s%*s",
908 csv_output ? 0 : 18,
909 counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
910 csv_sep,
911 csv_output ? 0 : -24,
912 event_name(counter));
913
914 if (counter->cgrp)
915 fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
916
917 fputc('\n', output);
918 return;
919 }
920
921 if (nsec_counter(counter))
922 nsec_printout(-1, counter, avg);
923 else
924 abs_printout(-1, counter, avg);
925
926 print_noise(counter, avg);
927
928 if (csv_output) {
929 fputc('\n', output);
930 return;
931 }
932
933 if (scaled) {
934 double avg_enabled, avg_running;
935
936 avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
937 avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);
938
939 fprintf(output, " [%5.2f%%]", 100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
940 }
941 fprintf(output, "\n");
942 }
943
944 /*
945 * Print out the results of a single counter:
946 * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
947 */
print_counter(struct perf_evsel * counter)948 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
949 {
950 u64 ena, run, val;
951 int cpu;
952
953 for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
954 val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
955 ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
956 run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
957 if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
958 fprintf(output, "CPU%*d%s%*s%s%*s",
959 csv_output ? 0 : -4,
960 evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep,
961 csv_output ? 0 : 18,
962 counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
963 csv_sep,
964 csv_output ? 0 : -24,
965 event_name(counter));
966
967 if (counter->cgrp)
968 fprintf(output, "%s%s",
969 csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
970
971 fputc('\n', output);
972 continue;
973 }
974
975 if (nsec_counter(counter))
976 nsec_printout(cpu, counter, val);
977 else
978 abs_printout(cpu, counter, val);
979
980 if (!csv_output) {
981 print_noise(counter, 1.0);
982
983 if (run != ena)
984 fprintf(output, " (%.2f%%)",
985 100.0 * run / ena);
986 }
987 fputc('\n', output);
988 }
989 }
990
print_stat(int argc,const char ** argv)991 static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
992 {
993 struct perf_evsel *counter;
994 int i;
995
996 fflush(stdout);
997
998 if (!csv_output) {
999 fprintf(output, "\n");
1000 fprintf(output, " Performance counter stats for ");
1001 if (!target_pid && !target_tid) {
1002 fprintf(output, "\'%s", argv[0]);
1003 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
1004 fprintf(output, " %s", argv[i]);
1005 } else if (target_pid)
1006 fprintf(output, "process id \'%s", target_pid);
1007 else
1008 fprintf(output, "thread id \'%s", target_tid);
1009
1010 fprintf(output, "\'");
1011 if (run_count > 1)
1012 fprintf(output, " (%d runs)", run_count);
1013 fprintf(output, ":\n\n");
1014 }
1015
1016 if (no_aggr) {
1017 list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
1018 print_counter(counter);
1019 } else {
1020 list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
1021 print_counter_aggr(counter);
1022 }
1023
1024 if (!csv_output) {
1025 if (!null_run)
1026 fprintf(output, "\n");
1027 fprintf(output, " %17.9f seconds time elapsed",
1028 avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
1029 if (run_count > 1) {
1030 fprintf(output, " ");
1031 print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats),
1032 avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
1033 }
1034 fprintf(output, "\n\n");
1035 }
1036 }
1037
1038 static volatile int signr = -1;
1039
skip_signal(int signo)1040 static void skip_signal(int signo)
1041 {
1042 if(child_pid == -1)
1043 done = 1;
1044
1045 signr = signo;
1046 }
1047
sig_atexit(void)1048 static void sig_atexit(void)
1049 {
1050 if (child_pid != -1)
1051 kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
1052
1053 if (signr == -1)
1054 return;
1055
1056 signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
1057 kill(getpid(), signr);
1058 }
1059
1060 static const char * const stat_usage[] = {
1061 "perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
1062 NULL
1063 };
1064
stat__set_big_num(const struct option * opt __used,const char * s __used,int unset)1065 static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __used,
1066 const char *s __used, int unset)
1067 {
1068 big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
1069 return 0;
1070 }
1071
1072 static bool append_file;
1073
1074 static const struct option options[] = {
1075 OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
1076 "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
1077 parse_events_option),
1078 OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
1079 "event filter", parse_filter),
1080 OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
1081 "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
1082 OPT_STRING('p', "pid", &target_pid, "pid",
1083 "stat events on existing process id"),
1084 OPT_STRING('t', "tid", &target_tid, "tid",
1085 "stat events on existing thread id"),
1086 OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &system_wide,
1087 "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
1088 OPT_BOOLEAN('g', "group", &group,
1089 "put the counters into a counter group"),
1090 OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale,
1091 "scale/normalize counters"),
1092 OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1093 "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
1094 OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
1095 "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100)"),
1096 OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
1097 "null run - dont start any counters"),
1098 OPT_INCR('d', "detailed", &detailed_run,
1099 "detailed run - start a lot of events"),
1100 OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "sync", &sync_run,
1101 "call sync() before starting a run"),
1102 OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
1103 "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
1104 stat__set_big_num),
1105 OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu",
1106 "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
1107 OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "no-aggr", &no_aggr,
1108 "disable CPU count aggregation"),
1109 OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
1110 "print counts with custom separator"),
1111 OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
1112 "monitor event in cgroup name only",
1113 parse_cgroups),
1114 OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output_name, "file",
1115 "output file name"),
1116 OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "append", &append_file, "append to the output file"),
1117 OPT_INTEGER(0, "log-fd", &output_fd,
1118 "log output to fd, instead of stderr"),
1119 OPT_END()
1120 };
1121
1122 /*
1123 * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
1124 * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
1125 */
add_default_attributes(void)1126 static int add_default_attributes(void)
1127 {
1128 /* Set attrs if no event is selected and !null_run: */
1129 if (null_run)
1130 return 0;
1131
1132 if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
1133 if (perf_evlist__add_attrs_array(evsel_list, default_attrs) < 0)
1134 return -1;
1135 }
1136
1137 /* Detailed events get appended to the event list: */
1138
1139 if (detailed_run < 1)
1140 return 0;
1141
1142 /* Append detailed run extra attributes: */
1143 if (perf_evlist__add_attrs_array(evsel_list, detailed_attrs) < 0)
1144 return -1;
1145
1146 if (detailed_run < 2)
1147 return 0;
1148
1149 /* Append very detailed run extra attributes: */
1150 if (perf_evlist__add_attrs_array(evsel_list, very_detailed_attrs) < 0)
1151 return -1;
1152
1153 if (detailed_run < 3)
1154 return 0;
1155
1156 /* Append very, very detailed run extra attributes: */
1157 return perf_evlist__add_attrs_array(evsel_list, very_very_detailed_attrs);
1158 }
1159
cmd_stat(int argc,const char ** argv,const char * prefix __used)1160 int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __used)
1161 {
1162 struct perf_evsel *pos;
1163 int status = -ENOMEM;
1164 const char *mode;
1165
1166 setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1167
1168 evsel_list = perf_evlist__new(NULL, NULL);
1169 if (evsel_list == NULL)
1170 return -ENOMEM;
1171
1172 argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
1173 PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
1174
1175 output = stderr;
1176 if (output_name && strcmp(output_name, "-"))
1177 output = NULL;
1178
1179 if (output_name && output_fd) {
1180 fprintf(stderr, "cannot use both --output and --log-fd\n");
1181 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1182 }
1183 if (!output) {
1184 struct timespec tm;
1185 mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
1186
1187 output = fopen(output_name, mode);
1188 if (!output) {
1189 perror("failed to create output file");
1190 exit(-1);
1191 }
1192 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tm);
1193 fprintf(output, "# started on %s\n", ctime(&tm.tv_sec));
1194 } else if (output_fd != 2) {
1195 mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
1196 output = fdopen(output_fd, mode);
1197 if (!output) {
1198 perror("Failed opening logfd");
1199 return -errno;
1200 }
1201 }
1202
1203 if (csv_sep) {
1204 csv_output = true;
1205 if (!strcmp(csv_sep, "\\t"))
1206 csv_sep = "\t";
1207 } else
1208 csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;
1209
1210 /*
1211 * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
1212 */
1213 if (csv_output) {
1214 /* User explicitly passed -B? */
1215 if (big_num_opt == 1) {
1216 fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
1217 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1218 } else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
1219 big_num = false;
1220 } else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
1221 big_num = false;
1222
1223 if (!argc && !target_pid && !target_tid)
1224 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1225 if (run_count <= 0)
1226 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1227
1228 /* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
1229 if ((no_aggr || nr_cgroups) && !system_wide) {
1230 fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
1231 "modes only available in system-wide mode\n");
1232
1233 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1234 }
1235
1236 if (add_default_attributes())
1237 goto out;
1238
1239 if (target_pid)
1240 target_tid = target_pid;
1241
1242 evsel_list->threads = thread_map__new_str(target_pid,
1243 target_tid, UINT_MAX);
1244 if (evsel_list->threads == NULL) {
1245 pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
1246 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1247 }
1248
1249 if (system_wide)
1250 evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__new(cpu_list);
1251 else
1252 evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__dummy_new();
1253
1254 if (evsel_list->cpus == NULL) {
1255 perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
1256 usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1257 return -1;
1258 }
1259
1260 list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
1261 if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(pos) < 0 ||
1262 perf_evsel__alloc_counts(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr) < 0)
1263 goto out_free_fd;
1264 }
1265
1266 /*
1267 * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
1268 * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
1269 * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
1270 * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
1271 */
1272 atexit(sig_atexit);
1273 signal(SIGINT, skip_signal);
1274 signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
1275 signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);
1276
1277 status = 0;
1278 for (run_idx = 0; run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
1279 if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
1280 fprintf(output, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n",
1281 run_idx + 1);
1282
1283 if (sync_run)
1284 sync();
1285
1286 status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
1287 }
1288
1289 if (status != -1)
1290 print_stat(argc, argv);
1291 out_free_fd:
1292 list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node)
1293 perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(pos);
1294 perf_evlist__delete_maps(evsel_list);
1295 out:
1296 perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
1297 return status;
1298 }
1299