1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
2 /*
3  * Mini hwclock implementation for busybox
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2002 Robert Griebl <griebl@gmx.de>
6  *
7  * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
8  */
9 //config:config HWCLOCK
10 //config:	bool "hwclock (5.8 kb)"
11 //config:	default y
12 //config:	help
13 //config:	The hwclock utility is used to read and set the hardware clock
14 //config:	on a system. This is primarily used to set the current time on
15 //config:	shutdown in the hardware clock, so the hardware will keep the
16 //config:	correct time when Linux is _not_ running.
17 //config:
18 //config:config FEATURE_HWCLOCK_ADJTIME_FHS
19 //config:	bool "Use FHS /var/lib/hwclock/adjtime"
20 //config:	default n  # util-linux-ng in Fedora 13 still uses /etc/adjtime
21 //config:	depends on HWCLOCK
22 //config:	help
23 //config:	Starting with FHS 2.3, the adjtime state file is supposed to exist
24 //config:	at /var/lib/hwclock/adjtime instead of /etc/adjtime. If you wish
25 //config:	to use the FHS behavior, answer Y here, otherwise answer N for the
26 //config:	classic /etc/adjtime path.
27 //config:
28 //config:	pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#VARLIBHWCLOCKSTATEDIRECTORYFORHWCLO
29 
30 //applet:IF_HWCLOCK(APPLET(hwclock, BB_DIR_SBIN, BB_SUID_DROP))
31 
32 //kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_HWCLOCK) += hwclock.o
33 
34 #include "libbb.h"
35 /* After libbb.h, since it needs sys/types.h on some systems */
36 #include <sys/utsname.h>
37 #include "rtc_.h"
38 
39 
40 //musl has no __MUSL__ or similar define to check for,
41 //but its <sys/types.h> has these lines:
42 // #define __NEED_fsblkcnt_t
43 // #define __NEED_fsfilcnt_t
44 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(__NEED_fsblkcnt_t) && defined(__NEED_fsfilcnt_t)
45 # define LIBC_IS_MUSL 1
46 # include <sys/syscall.h>
47 #else
48 # define LIBC_IS_MUSL 0
49 #endif
50 
51 
52 /* diff code is disabled: it's not sys/hw clock diff, it's some useless
53  * "time between hwclock was started and we saw CMOS tick" quantity.
54  * It's useless since hwclock is started at a random moment,
55  * thus the quantity is also random, useless. Showing 0.000000 does not
56  * deprive us from any useful info.
57  *
58  * SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF code in this file shows the difference between system
59  * and hw clock. It is useful, but not compatible with standard hwclock.
60  * Thus disabled.
61  */
62 #define SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF 0
63 
64 
65 #if !SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF
66 # define read_rtc(pp_rtcname, sys_tv, utc) read_rtc(pp_rtcname, utc)
67 #endif
read_rtc(const char ** pp_rtcname,struct timeval * sys_tv,int utc)68 static time_t read_rtc(const char **pp_rtcname, struct timeval *sys_tv, int utc)
69 {
70 	struct tm tm_time;
71 	int fd;
72 
73 	fd = rtc_xopen(pp_rtcname, O_RDONLY);
74 
75 	rtc_read_tm(&tm_time, fd);
76 
77 #if SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF
78 	{
79 		int before = tm_time.tm_sec;
80 		while (1) {
81 			rtc_read_tm(&tm_time, fd);
82 			xgettimeofday(sys_tv);
83 			if (before != (int)tm_time.tm_sec)
84 				break;
85 		}
86 	}
87 #endif
88 
89 	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
90 		close(fd);
91 
92 	return rtc_tm2time(&tm_time, utc);
93 }
94 
show_clock(const char ** pp_rtcname,int utc)95 static void show_clock(const char **pp_rtcname, int utc)
96 {
97 #if SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF
98 	struct timeval sys_tv;
99 #endif
100 	time_t t = read_rtc(pp_rtcname, &sys_tv, utc);
101 
102 #if ENABLE_LOCALE_SUPPORT
103 	/* Standard hwclock uses locale-specific output format */
104 	char cp[64];
105 	struct tm *ptm = localtime(&t);
106 	strftime(cp, sizeof(cp), "%c", ptm);
107 #else
108 	char *cp = ctime(&t);
109 	chomp(cp);
110 #endif
111 
112 #if !SHOW_HWCLOCK_DIFF
113 	printf("%s  0.000000 seconds\n", cp);
114 #else
115 	{
116 		long diff = sys_tv.tv_sec - t;
117 		if (diff < 0 /*&& tv.tv_usec != 0*/) {
118 			/* Why we need diff++? */
119 			/* diff >= 0 is ok: | diff < 0, can't just use tv.tv_usec: */
120 			/*   45.520820      |   43.520820 */
121 			/* - 44.000000      | - 45.000000 */
122 			/* =  1.520820      | = -1.479180, not -2.520820! */
123 			diff++;
124 			/* Should be 1000000 - tv.tv_usec, but then we must check tv.tv_usec != 0 */
125 			sys_tv.tv_usec = 999999 - sys_tv.tv_usec;
126 		}
127 		printf("%s  %ld.%06lu seconds\n", cp, diff, (unsigned long)sys_tv.tv_usec);
128 	}
129 #endif
130 }
131 
set_kernel_tz(const struct timezone * tz)132 static void set_kernel_tz(const struct timezone *tz)
133 {
134 #if LIBC_IS_MUSL
135 	/* musl libc does not pass tz argument to syscall
136 	 * because "it's deprecated by POSIX, therefore it's fine
137 	 * if we gratuitously break stuff" :(
138 	 */
139 #if !defined(SYS_settimeofday) && defined(SYS_settimeofday_time32)
140 # define SYS_settimeofday SYS_settimeofday_time32
141 #endif
142 	int ret = syscall(SYS_settimeofday, NULL, tz);
143 #else
144 	int ret = settimeofday(NULL, tz);
145 #endif
146 	if (ret)
147 		bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die("settimeofday");
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * At system boot, kernel may set system time from RTC,
152  * but it knows nothing about timezones. If RTC is in local time,
153  * then system time is wrong - it is offset by timezone.
154  * --systz option corrects system time if RTC is in local time,
155  * and (always) sets in-kernel timezone.
156  * (Unlike --hctosys, it does not read the RTC).
157  *
158  * util-linux's code has this comment:
159  *  RTC   | settimeofday calls
160  *  ------|-------------------------------------------------
161  *  Local | 1st) warps system time*, sets PCIL* and kernel tz
162  *  UTC   | 1st) locks warp_clock 2nd) sets kernel tz
163  *               * only on first call after boot
164  * (PCIL is "persistent_clock_is_local" kernel internal flag,
165  * it makes kernel save RTC in local time, not UTC.)
166  */
set_kernel_timezone_and_clock(int utc,const struct timeval * hctosys)167 static void set_kernel_timezone_and_clock(int utc, const struct timeval *hctosys)
168 {
169 	time_t cur;
170 	struct tm *broken;
171 	struct timezone tz = { 0 };
172 
173 	/* if --utc, prevent kernel's warp_clock() with a dummy call */
174 	if (utc)
175 		set_kernel_tz(&tz);
176 
177 	/* Set kernel's timezone offset based on userspace one */
178 //It's tempting to call tzset() and use libc global "timezone" variable
179 //...but it does NOT include DST shift (IOW: it's WRONG, usually by one hour,
180 //if DST is in effect!) Thus this ridiculous dance:
181 	cur = time(NULL);
182 	broken = localtime(&cur);
183 	tz.tz_minuteswest = -broken->tm_gmtoff / 60;
184 	/*tz.tz_dsttime = 0; already is */
185 	set_kernel_tz(&tz); /* MIGHT warp_clock() if 1st call since boot */
186 
187 	if (hctosys) /* it's --hctosys: set time too */
188 		xsettimeofday(hctosys);
189 }
190 
to_sys_clock(const char ** pp_rtcname,int utc)191 static void to_sys_clock(const char **pp_rtcname, int utc)
192 {
193 	struct timeval tv;
194 
195 	tv.tv_sec = read_rtc(pp_rtcname, NULL, utc);
196 	tv.tv_usec = 0;
197 	return set_kernel_timezone_and_clock(utc, &tv);
198 }
199 
from_sys_clock(const char ** pp_rtcname,int utc)200 static void from_sys_clock(const char **pp_rtcname, int utc)
201 {
202 #if 1
203 	struct timeval tv;
204 	struct tm tm_time;
205 	int rtc;
206 
207 	rtc = rtc_xopen(pp_rtcname, O_WRONLY);
208 	xgettimeofday(&tv);
209 	/* Prepare tm_time */
210 	if (sizeof(time_t) == sizeof(tv.tv_sec)) {
211 		if (utc)
212 			gmtime_r((time_t*)&tv.tv_sec, &tm_time);
213 		else
214 			localtime_r((time_t*)&tv.tv_sec, &tm_time);
215 	} else {
216 		time_t t = tv.tv_sec;
217 		if (utc)
218 			gmtime_r(&t, &tm_time);
219 		else
220 			localtime_r(&t, &tm_time);
221 	}
222 #else
223 /* Bloated code which tries to set hw clock with better precision.
224  * On x86, even though code does set hw clock within <1ms of exact
225  * whole seconds, apparently hw clock (at least on some machines)
226  * doesn't reset internal fractional seconds to 0,
227  * making all this a pointless exercise.
228  */
229 	/* If we see that we are N usec away from whole second,
230 	 * we'll sleep for N-ADJ usecs. ADJ corrects for the fact
231 	 * that CPU is not infinitely fast.
232 	 * On infinitely fast CPU, next wakeup would be
233 	 * on (exactly_next_whole_second - ADJ). On real CPUs,
234 	 * this difference between current time and whole second
235 	 * is less than ADJ (assuming system isn't heavily loaded).
236 	 */
237 	/* Small value of 256us gives very precise sync for 2+ GHz CPUs.
238 	 * Slower CPUs will fail to sync and will go to bigger
239 	 * ADJ values. qemu-emulated armv4tl with ~100 MHz
240 	 * performance ends up using ADJ ~= 4*1024 and it takes
241 	 * 2+ secs (2 tries with successively larger ADJ)
242 	 * to sync. Even straced one on the same qemu (very slow)
243 	 * takes only 4 tries.
244 	 */
245 #define TWEAK_USEC 256
246 	unsigned adj = TWEAK_USEC;
247 	struct tm tm_time;
248 	struct timeval tv;
249 	int rtc = rtc_xopen(pp_rtcname, O_WRONLY);
250 
251 	/* Try to catch the moment when whole second is close */
252 	while (1) {
253 		unsigned rem_usec;
254 		time_t t;
255 
256 		xgettimeofday(&tv);
257 
258 		t = tv.tv_sec;
259 		rem_usec = 1000000 - tv.tv_usec;
260 		if (rem_usec < adj) {
261 			/* Close enough */
262  small_rem:
263 			t++;
264 		}
265 
266 		/* Prepare tm_time from t */
267 		if (utc)
268 			gmtime_r(&t, &tm_time); /* may read /etc/xxx (it takes time) */
269 		else
270 			localtime_r(&t, &tm_time); /* same */
271 
272 		if (adj >= 32*1024) {
273 			break; /* 32 ms diff and still no luck?? give up trying to sync */
274 		}
275 
276 		/* gmtime/localtime took some time, re-get cur time */
277 		xgettimeofday(&tv);
278 
279 		if (tv.tv_sec < t /* we are still in old second */
280 		 || (tv.tv_sec == t && tv.tv_usec < adj) /* not too far into next second */
281 		) {
282 			break; /* good, we are in sync! */
283 		}
284 
285 		rem_usec = 1000000 - tv.tv_usec;
286 		if (rem_usec < adj) {
287 			t = tv.tv_sec;
288 			goto small_rem; /* already close to next sec, don't sleep */
289 		}
290 
291 		/* Try to sync up by sleeping */
292 		usleep(rem_usec - adj);
293 
294 		/* Jump to 1ms diff, then increase fast (x2): EVERY loop
295 		 * takes ~1 sec, people won't like slowly converging code here!
296 		 */
297 	//bb_error_msg("adj:%d tv.tv_usec:%d", adj, (int)tv.tv_usec);
298 		if (adj < 512)
299 			adj = 512;
300 		/* ... and if last "overshoot" does not look insanely big,
301 		 * just use it as adj increment. This makes convergence faster.
302 		 */
303 		if (tv.tv_usec < adj * 8) {
304 			adj += tv.tv_usec;
305 			continue;
306 		}
307 		adj *= 2;
308 	}
309 	/* Debug aid to find "optimal" TWEAK_USEC with nearly exact sync.
310 	 * Look for a value which makes tv_usec close to 999999 or 0.
311 	 * For 2.20GHz Intel Core 2: optimal TWEAK_USEC ~= 200
312 	 */
313 	//bb_error_msg("tv.tv_usec:%d", (int)tv.tv_usec);
314 #endif
315 
316 	tm_time.tm_isdst = 0;
317 	xioctl(rtc, RTC_SET_TIME, &tm_time);
318 
319 	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
320 		close(rtc);
321 }
322 
323 // hwclock from util-linux 2.36.1
324 // hwclock [function] [option...]
325 //Functions:
326 // -r, --show           display the RTC time
327 //     --get            display drift corrected RTC time
328 //     --set            set the RTC according to --date
329 // -s, --hctosys        set the system time from the RTC
330 // -w, --systohc        set the RTC from the system time
331 //     --systz          send timescale configurations to the kernel
332 // -a, --adjust         adjust the RTC to account for systematic drift
333 //     --predict        predict the drifted RTC time according to --date
334 //Options:
335 // -u, --utc            the RTC timescale is UTC
336 // -l, --localtime      the RTC timescale is Local
337 // -f, --rtc <file>     use an alternate file to /dev/rtc0
338 //     --directisa      use the ISA bus instead of /dev/rtc0 access
339 //     --date <time>    date/time input for --set and --predict
340 //     --delay <sec>    delay used when set new RTC time
341 //     --update-drift   update the RTC drift factor
342 //     --noadjfile      do not use /etc/adjtime
343 //     --adjfile <file> use an alternate file to /etc/adjtime
344 //     --test           dry run; implies --verbose
345 // -v, --verbose        display more details
346 
347 //usage:#define hwclock_trivial_usage
348 //usage:	IF_LONG_OPTS(
349 //usage:       "[-swul] [--systz] [-f DEV]"
350 //usage:	)
351 //usage:	IF_NOT_LONG_OPTS(
352 //usage:       "[-swult] [-f DEV]"
353 //usage:	)
354 //usage:#define hwclock_full_usage "\n\n"
355 //usage:       "Show or set hardware clock (RTC)\n"
356 ///////:     "\n	-r	Show RTC time"
357 ///////-r is default, don't bother showing it in help
358 //usage:     "\n	-s	Set system time from RTC"
359 //usage:     "\n	-w	Set RTC from system time"
360 //usage:	IF_LONG_OPTS(
361 //usage:     "\n	--systz	Set in-kernel timezone, correct system time"
362 //usage:     "\n		if RTC is kept in local time"
363 //usage:	)
364 //usage:     "\n	-f DEV	Use specified device (e.g. /dev/rtc2)"
365 //usage:     "\n	-u	Assume RTC is kept in UTC"
366 //usage:     "\n	-l	Assume RTC is kept in local time"
367 //usage:     "\n		(if neither is given, read from "ADJTIME_PATH")"
368 
369 //TODO: get rid of incompatible -t alias to --systz?
370 
371 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_LOCALTIME   0x01
372 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_UTC         0x02
373 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_SHOW        0x04
374 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_HCTOSYS     0x08
375 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_SYSTOHC     0x10
376 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_SYSTZ       0x20
377 #define HWCLOCK_OPT_RTCFILE     0x40
378 
379 int hwclock_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
hwclock_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM,char ** argv)380 int hwclock_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
381 {
382 	const char *rtcname = NULL;
383 	unsigned opt;
384 	int utc;
385 #if ENABLE_LONG_OPTS
386 	static const char hwclock_longopts[] ALIGN1 =
387 		"localtime\0" No_argument "l"
388 		"utc\0"       No_argument "u"
389 		"show\0"      No_argument "r"
390 		"hctosys\0"   No_argument "s"
391 		"systohc\0"   No_argument "w"
392 		"systz\0"     No_argument "t" /* short opt is non-standard */
393 		"rtc\0"       Required_argument "f"
394 		;
395 #endif
396 	opt = getopt32long(argv,
397 		"^""lurswtf:v" /* -v is accepted and ignored */
398 		"\0"
399 		"r--wst:w--rst:s--wrt:t--rsw:l--u:u--l",
400 		hwclock_longopts,
401 		&rtcname
402 	);
403 
404 	/* If -u or -l wasn't given, check if we are using utc */
405 	if (opt & (HWCLOCK_OPT_UTC | HWCLOCK_OPT_LOCALTIME))
406 		utc = (opt & HWCLOCK_OPT_UTC);
407 	else
408 		utc = rtc_adjtime_is_utc();
409 
410 	if (opt & HWCLOCK_OPT_HCTOSYS)
411 		to_sys_clock(&rtcname, utc);
412 	else if (opt & HWCLOCK_OPT_SYSTOHC)
413 		from_sys_clock(&rtcname, utc);
414 	else if (opt & HWCLOCK_OPT_SYSTZ)
415 		set_kernel_timezone_and_clock(utc, NULL);
416 	else
417 		/* default HWCLOCK_OPT_SHOW */
418 		show_clock(&rtcname, utc);
419 
420 	return 0;
421 }
422