1 #ifndef _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
2 #define _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
3 
4 #include <linux/types.h>
5 #include <linux/stddef.h>
6 #include <linux/stringify.h>
7 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
8 #include <asm/asm.h>
9 
10 /*
11  * Alternative inline assembly for SMP.
12  *
13  * The LOCK_PREFIX macro defined here replaces the LOCK and
14  * LOCK_PREFIX macros used everywhere in the source tree.
15  *
16  * SMP alternatives use the same data structures as the other
17  * alternatives and the X86_FEATURE_UP flag to indicate the case of a
18  * UP system running a SMP kernel.  The existing apply_alternatives()
19  * works fine for patching a SMP kernel for UP.
20  *
21  * The SMP alternative tables can be kept after boot and contain both
22  * UP and SMP versions of the instructions to allow switching back to
23  * SMP at runtime, when hotplugging in a new CPU, which is especially
24  * useful in virtualized environments.
25  *
26  * The very common lock prefix is handled as special case in a
27  * separate table which is a pure address list without replacement ptr
28  * and size information.  That keeps the table sizes small.
29  */
30 
31 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
32 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE \
33 		".section .smp_locks,\"a\"\n"	\
34 		".balign 4\n"			\
35 		".long 671f - .\n" /* offset */	\
36 		".previous\n"			\
37 		"671:"
38 
39 #define LOCK_PREFIX LOCK_PREFIX_HERE "\n\tlock; "
40 
41 #else /* ! CONFIG_SMP */
42 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE ""
43 #define LOCK_PREFIX ""
44 #endif
45 
46 struct alt_instr {
47 	u8 *instr;		/* original instruction */
48 	u8 *replacement;
49 	u16 cpuid;		/* cpuid bit set for replacement */
50 	u8  instrlen;		/* length of original instruction */
51 	u8  replacementlen;	/* length of new instruction, <= instrlen */
52 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
53 	u32 pad2;
54 #endif
55 };
56 
57 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
58 extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
59 
60 struct module;
61 
62 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
63 extern void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
64 					void *locks, void *locks_end,
65 					void *text, void *text_end);
66 extern void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod);
67 extern void alternatives_smp_switch(int smp);
68 extern int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
69 extern bool skip_smp_alternatives;
70 #else
alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module * mod,char * name,void * locks,void * locks_end,void * text,void * text_end)71 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
72 					       void *locks, void *locks_end,
73 					       void *text, void *text_end) {}
alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module * mod)74 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod) {}
alternatives_smp_switch(int smp)75 static inline void alternatives_smp_switch(int smp) {}
alternatives_text_reserved(void * start,void * end)76 static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
77 {
78 	return 0;
79 }
80 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
81 
82 /* alternative assembly primitive: */
83 #define ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
84 									\
85       "661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"					\
86       ".section .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
87       _ASM_ALIGN "\n"							\
88       _ASM_PTR "661b\n"				/* label           */	\
89       _ASM_PTR "663f\n"				/* new instruction */	\
90       "	 .word " __stringify(feature) "\n"	/* feature bit     */	\
91       "	 .byte 662b-661b\n"			/* sourcelen       */	\
92       "	 .byte 664f-663f\n"			/* replacementlen  */	\
93       ".previous\n"							\
94       ".section .discard,\"aw\",@progbits\n"				\
95       "	 .byte 0xff + (664f-663f) - (662b-661b)\n" /* rlen <= slen */	\
96       ".previous\n"							\
97       ".section .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
98       "663:\n\t" newinstr "\n664:\n"		/* replacement     */	\
99       ".previous"
100 
101 /*
102  * This must be included *after* the definition of ALTERNATIVE due to
103  * <asm/arch_hweight.h>
104  */
105 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
106 
107 /*
108  * Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities.
109  *
110  * This allows to use optimized instructions even on generic binary
111  * kernels.
112  *
113  * length of oldinstr must be longer or equal the length of newinstr
114  * It can be padded with nops as needed.
115  *
116  * For non barrier like inlines please define new variants
117  * without volatile and memory clobber.
118  */
119 #define alternative(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
120 	asm volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature) : : : "memory")
121 
122 /*
123  * Alternative inline assembly with input.
124  *
125  * Pecularities:
126  * No memory clobber here.
127  * Argument numbers start with 1.
128  * Best is to use constraints that are fixed size (like (%1) ... "r")
129  * If you use variable sized constraints like "m" or "g" in the
130  * replacement make sure to pad to the worst case length.
131  * Leaving an unused argument 0 to keep API compatibility.
132  */
133 #define alternative_input(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, input...)	\
134 	asm volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)		\
135 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
136 
137 /* Like alternative_input, but with a single output argument */
138 #define alternative_io(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, output, input...)	\
139 	asm volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)		\
140 		: output : "i" (0), ## input)
141 
142 /* Like alternative_io, but for replacing a direct call with another one. */
143 #define alternative_call(oldfunc, newfunc, feature, output, input...)	\
144 	asm volatile (ALTERNATIVE("call %P[old]", "call %P[new]", feature) \
145 		: output : [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new] "i" (newfunc), ## input)
146 
147 /*
148  * use this macro(s) if you need more than one output parameter
149  * in alternative_io
150  */
151 #define ASM_OUTPUT2(a...) a
152 
153 struct paravirt_patch_site;
154 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
155 void apply_paravirt(struct paravirt_patch_site *start,
156 		    struct paravirt_patch_site *end);
157 #else
apply_paravirt(struct paravirt_patch_site * start,struct paravirt_patch_site * end)158 static inline void apply_paravirt(struct paravirt_patch_site *start,
159 				  struct paravirt_patch_site *end)
160 {}
161 #define __parainstructions	NULL
162 #define __parainstructions_end	NULL
163 #endif
164 
165 extern void *text_poke_early(void *addr, const void *opcode, size_t len);
166 
167 /*
168  * Clear and restore the kernel write-protection flag on the local CPU.
169  * Allows the kernel to edit read-only pages.
170  * Side-effect: any interrupt handler running between save and restore will have
171  * the ability to write to read-only pages.
172  *
173  * Warning:
174  * Code patching in the UP case is safe if NMIs and MCE handlers are stopped and
175  * no thread can be preempted in the instructions being modified (no iret to an
176  * invalid instruction possible) or if the instructions are changed from a
177  * consistent state to another consistent state atomically.
178  * More care must be taken when modifying code in the SMP case because of
179  * Intel's errata. text_poke_smp() takes care that errata, but still
180  * doesn't support NMI/MCE handler code modifying.
181  * On the local CPU you need to be protected again NMI or MCE handlers seeing an
182  * inconsistent instruction while you patch.
183  */
184 struct text_poke_param {
185 	void *addr;
186 	const void *opcode;
187 	size_t len;
188 };
189 
190 extern void *text_poke(void *addr, const void *opcode, size_t len);
191 extern void *text_poke_smp(void *addr, const void *opcode, size_t len);
192 extern void text_poke_smp_batch(struct text_poke_param *params, int n);
193 
194 #if defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE) || defined(HAVE_JUMP_LABEL)
195 #define IDEAL_NOP_SIZE_5 5
196 extern unsigned char ideal_nop5[IDEAL_NOP_SIZE_5];
197 extern void arch_init_ideal_nop5(void);
198 #else
arch_init_ideal_nop5(void)199 static inline void arch_init_ideal_nop5(void) {}
200 #endif
201 
202 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H */
203